perjury Who acts: Perjury, crime, It, Lying, witnesses, you · What happens: be, tell, promise, mean, break, lie · To what, where: crime, lie, court, truth, solemn promise, perjury · Speech: someone speaks here
«perjury» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perjury in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
Perjury is the crime of telling a lie in court after promising to tell the truth.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop det mark acl det obj case nmod mark advcl mark xcomp det obj punct root Perjury NOUN is AUX the DET crime NOUN of SCONJ telling VERB a DET lie NOUN in ADP court NOUN after SCONJ promising VERB to PART tell VERB the DET truth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 4 crime nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 crime cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 crime det 4 crime crime NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 telling mark 6 telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 crime acl 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lie det 8 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing 6 telling obj 9 in in ADP _ 10 court case 10 court court NOUN Number=Sing 8 lie nmod 11 after after SCONJ _ 12 promising mark 12 promising promise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 telling advcl 13 to to PART _ 14 tell mark 14 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 promising xcomp 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 truth det 16 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 14 tell obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 crime punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Perjury the crime tree rules 2 tell speech: assert gerund the crime not said here a lie court vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient 3 promise speech: promise gerund the crime not said here vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 tell speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive the crime not said here the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It can also mean breaking a solemn promise.
nsubj aux advmod xcomp det amod obj punct root It PRON can AUX also ADV mean VERB breaking VERB a DET solemn ADJ promise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean xcomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 promise det 7 solemn solemn ADJ Degree=Pos 8 promise amod 8 promise promise NOUN Number=Sing 5 breaking obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can It vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 break not said to happen gerund a solemn promise vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer promise=Patient
Example 1 Lying in court is called perjury.
csubj:pass case obl aux:pass xcomp punct root Lying VERB in ADP court NOUN is AUX called VERB perjury NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 called csubj:pass 2 in in ADP _ 3 court case 3 court court NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lying obl 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie gerund court vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in court=Location 2 call speech: assert present · passive Lying perjury vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»
Example 2 The witness was charged with perjury.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET witness NOUN was AUX charged VERB with ADP perjury NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 witness det 2 witness witness NOUN Number=Sing 4 charged nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 charged aux:pass 4 charged charge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 perjury case 6 perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 4 charged obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 charged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 charge past · passive the witness with perjury vn equip-13.4.2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with perjury=Theme
Example 3 Perjury can be punished with prison.
nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case obl punct root Perjury NOUN can AUX be AUX punished VERB with ADP prison NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 4 punished nsubj:pass 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 punished aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 punished aux:pass 4 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 prison case 6 prison prison NOUN Number=Sing 4 punished obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish can · passive Perjury with prison vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.attribute»: subject=Patient with prison=Theme
Example 4 Before speaking, witnesses swear to tell the truth.
mark advcl punct nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root Before SCONJ speaking VERB , PUNCT witnesses NOUN swear VERB to PART tell VERB the DET truth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Before before SCONJ _ 2 speaking mark 2 speaking speak VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 swear advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 speaking punct 4 witnesses witness NOUN Number=Plur 5 swear nsubj 5 swear swear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 tell mark 7 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 swear xcomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 truth det 9 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 7 tell obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 swear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other gerund witnesses not said here vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 swear present witnesses vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 tell speech: assert to-infinitive witnesses not said here the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient
Example 5 If you commit perjury, the trial may be unfair.
mark nsubj advcl obj punct det nsubj aux cop punct root If SCONJ you PRON commit VERB perjury NOUN , PUNCT the DET trial NOUN may AUX be AUX unfair ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 commit mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 commit nsubj 3 commit commit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 unfair advcl 4 perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 3 commit obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 commit punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 trial det 7 trial trial NOUN Number=Sing 10 unfair nsubj 8 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 unfair aux 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 unfair cop 10 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 unfair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 commit a condition, not said to happen present you perjury vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perjury=Theme 2 is may the trial unfair property tree rules
Example 6 The judge warned him about perjury.
det nsubj obj case obl punct root The DET judge NOUN warned VERB him PRON about ADP perjury NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 judge det 2 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 3 warned nsubj 3 warned warn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 warned obj 5 about about ADP _ 6 perjury case 6 perjury perjury NOUN Number=Sing 3 warned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 warned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 warn speech: warn past the judge him = he about perjury vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient about perjury=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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