perspiration Who acts: salty water, you, Perspiration, act, Beads, shirt · What happens: be, come out, work, sweat, help, keep · To what, where: Perspiration sweat, skin, act, body, face, water
«perspiration» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perspiration in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Perspiration is sweat: the salty water that comes out of your skin when you are hot or working hard.
The tree, 19 words compound cop punct det amod appos nsubj acl:relcl case case nmod:poss obl advmod nsubj cop advcl cc conj advmod punct root Perspiration NOUN is AUX sweat NOUN : PUNCT the DET salty ADJ water NOUN that PRON comes VERB out ADP of ADP your PRON skin NOUN when ADV you PRON are AUX hot ADJ or CCONJ working VERB hard ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 3 sweat compound 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 sweat cop 3 sweat sweat NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 7 water punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 water det 6 salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 water amod 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 sweat appos 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 comes nsubj 9 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 water acl:relcl 10 out out ADP _ 13 skin case 11 of of ADP _ 13 skin case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 skin nmod:poss 13 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 comes obl 14 when when ADV PronType=Int 17 hot advmod 15 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 hot nsubj 16 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 hot cop 17 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 9 comes advcl 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 working cc 19 working work VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 hot conj 20 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 19 working advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 sweat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Perspiration sweat tree rules 2 come out present the salty water your skin vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient skin=Result 3 is present you hot property tree rules 4 work gerund you not said here hard property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Perspiration is the act of sweating.
nsubj cop det mark acl punct root Perspiration NOUN is AUX the DET act NOUN of SCONJ sweating VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 4 act nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 act cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 act det 4 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 sweating mark 6 sweating sweat VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 act acl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Perspiration the act tree rules 2 sweat gerund the act not said here vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Perspiration helps keep your body cool.
nsubj xcomp nmod:poss obj xcomp punct root Perspiration NOUN helps VERB keep VERB your PRON body NOUN cool ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 helps nsubj 2 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 helps xcomp 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 body nmod:poss 5 body body NOUN Number=Sing 3 keep obj 6 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 3 keep xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Perspiration vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 keep infinitive Perspiration not said here your body cool property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme
Example 2 Beads of perspiration ran down his face.
nsubj case nmod compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct root Beads NOUN of ADP perspiration NOUN ran VERB down ADP his PRON face NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Beads bead NOUN Number=Plur 4 ran nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 perspiration case 3 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 1 Beads nmod 4 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 down down ADP _ 4 ran compound:prt 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 face nmod:poss 7 face face NOUN Number=Sing 4 ran obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run down past Beads of perspiration his face vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme face=Trajectory
Example 3 After the race, my shirt was wet with perspiration.
case det obl punct nmod:poss nsubj cop case obl punct root After ADP the DET race NOUN , PUNCT my PRON shirt NOUN was AUX wet ADJ with ADP perspiration NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 race case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 race det 3 race race NOUN Number=Sing 8 wet obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 race punct 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 shirt nmod:poss 6 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 8 wet nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 wet cop 8 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 with with ADP _ 10 perspiration case 10 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 8 wet obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 wet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past my shirt after the race with perspiration; wet property tree rules
Example 4 Drink water to replace what you lose in perspiration.
obj mark advcl obj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root Drink VERB water NOUN to PART replace VERB what PRON you PRON lose VERB in ADP perspiration NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drink drink VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Drink obj 3 to to PART _ 4 replace mark 4 replace replace VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Drink advcl 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 4 replace obj 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 lose nsubj 7 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 what acl:relcl 8 in in ADP _ 9 perspiration case 9 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 7 lose obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Drink punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drink imperative you not said here water vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient 2 replace to-infinitive you not said here vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme what=Co-Theme 3 lose present you perspiration vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in perspiration=Eventuality
Example 5 Perspiration contains water and salt.
nsubj obj cc conj punct root Perspiration NOUN contains VERB water NOUN and CCONJ salt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 contains nsubj 2 contains contain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 contains obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 salt cc 5 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 3 water conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 contains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 contain present Perspiration water and salt vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
Example 6 The heat made everyone break into perspiration.
det nsubj obj xcomp case obl punct root The DET heat NOUN made VERB everyone PRON break VERB into ADP perspiration NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 heat det 2 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 3 made obj 5 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 made xcomp 6 into into ADP _ 7 perspiration case 7 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 5 break obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the heat everyone tree rules 2 break infinitive everyone not said here into perspiration result vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into perspiration=Result
Example 7 Deodorant reduces the smell of perspiration.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Deodorant NOUN reduces VERB the DET smell NOUN of ADP perspiration NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Deodorant deodorant NOUN Number=Sing 2 reduces nsubj 2 reduces reduce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 smell det 4 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 2 reduces obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 perspiration case 6 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 4 smell nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 reduces punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 reduce present Deodorant the smell of perspiration vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer smell=Patient 2 smell perspiration nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Example 8 Success needs lots of perspiration and practice.
nsubj obj case nmod cc conj punct root Success NOUN needs VERB lots NOUN of ADP perspiration NOUN and CCONJ practice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Success success NOUN Number=Sing 2 needs nsubj 2 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 2 needs obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 perspiration case 5 perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing 3 lots nmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 practice cc 7 practice practice NOUN Number=Sing 5 perspiration conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Success lots of perspiration and practice vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme
Example 9 Perspiration hung like beads on his brow.
acl case obl case nmod:poss obl punct root Perspiration NOUN hung VERB like ADP beads NOUN on ADP his PRON brow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perspiration perspiration NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 hung hang VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Perspiration acl 3 like like ADP _ 4 beads case 4 beads bead NOUN Number=Plur 2 hung obl 5 on on ADP _ 7 brow case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 brow nmod:poss 7 brow brow NOUN Number=Sing 2 hung obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Perspiration punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hang participle Perspiration not said here his brow like beads vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on brow=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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