pert
Who acts: Pert, you, pert sparrow, He · What happens: mean, not show, do, not be, hop, give · To what, where: proper respect, someone, table, pert little grin
«pert» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pert in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Pert means cheeky and bold, not showing proper respect to someone older.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pert | pert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | cheeky | cheeky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 means | xcomp |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 bold | cc |
| 5 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 cheeky | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 showing | punct |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 showing | advmod |
| 8 | showing | show | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 means | conj |
| 9 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 respect | amod |
| 10 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 showing | obj |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 someone | case |
| 12 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 showing | obl |
| 13 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 someone | amod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Pert | cheeky property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not show | gerund | Pert not said here | proper respect | someone | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent respect=Topic to someone=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.
Neat, lively and smart.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neat | Neat | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 lively | punct |
| 3 | lively | lively | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Neat | amod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 smart | cc |
| 5 | smart | smart | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lively | conj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Neat | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
Don't be so pert with your teacher.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 pert | advmod |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 pert | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 pert | advmod |
| 5 | pert | pert | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Do | ccomp |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 teacher | case |
| 7 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 8 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pert | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Do | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | imperative | you not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | not is | infinitive | you not said here | with your teacher; pert property | tree rules |
Example 2
The pert sparrow hopped right up to our table.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sparrow | det |
| 2 | pert | pert | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 sparrow | amod |
| 3 | sparrow | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hopped | nsubj |
| 4 | hopped | hop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | right | right | ADV | _ | 4 hopped | advmod |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 9 table | case |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 table | case |
| 8 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 table | nmod:poss |
| 9 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hopped | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hopped | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hop | past | the pert sparrow | our table | right property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme up table=Trajectory |
Example 3
He gave a pert little grin.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 grin | det |
| 4 | pert | pert | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 grin | amod |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 grin | amod |
| 6 | grin | grin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 gave | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 gave | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | He | a pert little grin | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grin=Theme |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/pert/