petroleum Who acts: Petroleum, thick dark liquid, Petroleum jelly, Many plastics, countries, Oil spills · What happens: be, find, use, make, pump, come · To what, where: crude oil, that, petrol, soft greasy substance, oil, dry skin
«petroleum» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: petroleum in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Petroleum is crude oil: a thick, dark liquid found deep underground that is used to make petrol, diesel, plastics and many other things.
The tree, 23 words nsubj cop amod punct det amod punct amod nsubj acl:relcl advmod xcomp nsubj:pass aux:pass conj mark advcl obj punct conj punct conj cc amod amod conj punct root Petroleum PROPN is AUX crude ADJ oil NOUN : PUNCT a DET thick ADJ , PUNCT dark ADJ liquid NOUN found VERB deep ADV underground ADJ that PRON is AUX used VERB to PART make VERB petrol NOUN , PUNCT diesel NOUN , PUNCT plastics NOUN and CCONJ many ADJ other ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum Petroleum PROPN Number=Sing 4 oil nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 oil cop 3 crude crude ADJ Degree=Pos 4 oil amod 4 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 11 found punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 liquid det 7 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 10 liquid amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 thick punct 9 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 10 liquid amod 10 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 11 found nsubj 11 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 oil acl:relcl 12 deep deep ADV _ 13 underground advmod 13 underground underground ADJ Degree=Pos 11 found xcomp 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 used nsubj:pass 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 used aux:pass 16 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 underground conj 17 to to PART _ 18 make mark 18 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 used advcl 19 petrol petrol NOUN Number=Sing 18 make obj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 diesel punct 21 diesel diesel NOUN Number=Sing 19 petrol conj 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 plastics punct 23 plastics plastic NOUN Number=Plur 19 petrol conj 24 and and CCONJ _ 27 things cc 25 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 27 things amod 26 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 27 things amod 27 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 19 petrol conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 4 oil punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Petroleum crude oil tree rules 2 find past a thick dark liquid crude oil not said here underground property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oil=Topic 3 use present · passive that vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 4 make to-infinitive petrol and diesel and plastics and many other things vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset petrol=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Petroleum jelly is a soft greasy substance made from oil, used on dry skin.
The tree, 14 words compound nsubj cop det amod amod acl case obl punct acl case amod obl punct root Petroleum PROPN jelly NOUN is AUX a DET soft ADJ greasy ADJ substance NOUN made VERB from ADP oil NOUN , PUNCT used VERB on ADP dry ADJ skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum Petroleum PROPN Number=Sing 2 jelly compound 2 jelly jelly NOUN Number=Sing 7 substance nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 substance cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 substance det 5 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 7 substance amod 6 greasy greasy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 substance amod 7 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 substance acl 9 from from ADP _ 10 oil case 10 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 8 made obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 used punct 12 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 substance acl 13 on on ADP _ 15 skin case 14 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 15 skin amod 15 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 12 used obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Petroleum jelly a soft greasy substance tree rules 2 make participle a soft greasy substance not said here oil vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from oil=Material 3 use participle a soft greasy substance not said here dry skin vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Petroleum is pumped from under the ground.
nsubj aux:pass case case det obl punct root Petroleum PROPN is AUX pumped VERB from ADP under ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum Petroleum PROPN Number=Sing 3 pumped nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 pumped aux:pass 3 pumped pump VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 ground case 5 under under ADP _ 7 ground case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 ground det 7 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 pumped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 pumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pump present · passive Petroleum the ground vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination
Example 2 Petrol and diesel are made from petroleum.
nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass case obl punct root Petrol NOUN and CCONJ diesel NOUN are AUX made VERB from ADP petroleum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petrol petrol NOUN Number=Sing 5 made nsubj:pass 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 diesel cc 3 diesel diesel NOUN Number=Sing 1 Petrol conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 from from ADP _ 7 petroleum case 7 petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Petrol and diesel petroleum vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from petroleum=Material
Example 3 Many plastics come from petroleum.
amod nsubj case obl punct root Many ADJ plastics NOUN come VERB from ADP petroleum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 plastics amod 2 plastics plastic NOUN Number=Plur 3 come nsubj 3 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 petroleum case 5 petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 3 come obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Many plastics petroleum vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from petroleum=Initial_Location
Example 4 Petroleum is a fossil fuel.
nsubj cop det compound punct root Petroleum PROPN is AUX a DET fossil NOUN fuel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum Petroleum PROPN Number=Sing 5 fuel nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fuel cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fuel det 4 fossil fossil NOUN Number=Sing 5 fuel compound 5 fuel fuel NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 fuel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Petroleum a fossil fuel tree rules
Example 5 Some countries earn lots of money from petroleum.
det nsubj obj case nmod case obl punct root Some DET countries NOUN earn VERB lots NOUN of ADP money NOUN from ADP petroleum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 countries det 2 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 3 earn nsubj 3 earn earn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 3 earn obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 money case 6 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 lots nmod 7 from from ADP _ 8 petroleum case 8 petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 3 earn obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 earn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 earn present some countries lots of money petroleum vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent lot=Theme from petroleum=Source
Example 6 Petroleum jelly helps chapped lips.
compound nsubj amod obj punct root Petroleum NOUN jelly NOUN helps VERB chapped VERB lips NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 2 jelly compound 2 jelly jelly NOUN Number=Sing 3 helps nsubj 3 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 chapped chap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 lips amod 5 lips lip NOUN Number=Plur 3 helps obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Petroleum jelly chapped lips vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lip=Beneficiary 2 chap participle tree rules
Example 7 Oil spills of petroleum harm sea birds.
compound nsubj case nmod compound obj punct root Oil NOUN spills NOUN of ADP petroleum NOUN harm VERB sea NOUN birds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 2 spills compound 2 spills spill NOUN Number=Plur 5 harm nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 petroleum case 4 petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 2 spills nmod 5 harm harm VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 7 birds compound 7 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 5 harm obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 harm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 harm present Oil spills of petroleum sea birds vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bird=Experiencer
Example 8 Petroleum will run out one day because it is non-renewable.
nsubj aux compound:prt nummod obl:unmarked mark nsubj cop advcl punct root Petroleum NOUN will AUX run VERB out ADP one NUM day NOUN because SCONJ it PRON is AUX non-renewable ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 3 run nsubj 2 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 run aux 3 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 run compound:prt 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 day nummod 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 run obl:unmarked 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 non-renewable mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 non-renewable nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 non-renewable cop 10 non-renewable non-renewable ADJ Degree=Pos 3 run advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 run punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run out future Petroleum day vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present Petroleum non-renewable property tree rules
Example 9 A fine magnificence, truly! all made up of gas and petroleum!
det amod punct advmod punct advmod acl compound:prt case obl cc conj punct root A DET fine ADJ magnificence NOUN , PUNCT truly ADV ! PUNCT all ADV made VERB up ADP of ADP gas NOUN and CCONJ petroleum NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 magnificence det 2 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 3 magnificence amod 3 magnificence magnificence NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 made punct 5 truly truly ADV _ 8 made advmod 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 truly punct 7 all all ADV _ 8 made advmod 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 magnificence acl 9 up up ADP _ 8 made compound:prt 10 of of ADP _ 11 gas case 11 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 8 made obl 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 petroleum cc 13 petroleum petroleum NOUN Number=Sing 11 gas conj 14 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 magnificence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make up participle a fine magnificence not said here of gas and petroleum; all, truly property vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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