pierce Who acts: piercing eyes, needle, She, ears, scream, arrow · What happens: make, have, wear, go, pierce, seem · To what, where: hole, body part, jewellery, something, cloth, ears
«pierce» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pierce in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To make a hole in or through something with a sharp point.
mark det obj advmod cc case conj case det amod obl punct root To PART make VERB a DET hole NOUN in ADV or CCONJ through ADP something PRON with ADP a DET sharp ADJ point NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 hole det 4 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 5 in in ADV _ 2 make advmod 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 something cc 7 through through ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 in conj 9 with with ADP _ 12 point case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 point det 11 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 12 point amod 12 point point NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive a hole with a sharp point vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hole=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The needle pierced the cloth."
punct det nsubj det obj punct punct root " PUNCT The DET needle NOUN pierced VERB the DET cloth NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 needle det 3 needle needle NOUN Number=Sing 4 pierced nsubj 4 pierced pierce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cloth det 6 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 4 pierced obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce in a quote past the needle the cloth vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloth=Patient
Meaning 2 To have a hole made in a body part to wear jewellery.
mark det obj acl case det compound obl mark acl obj punct root To PART have VERB a DET hole NOUN made VERB in ADP a DET body NOUN part NOUN to PART wear VERB jewellery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 have mark 2 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 hole det 4 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 hole acl 6 in in ADP _ 9 part case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 part det 8 body body NOUN Number=Sing 9 part compound 9 part part NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 10 to to PART _ 11 wear mark 11 wear wear VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 part acl 12 jewellery jewellery NOUN Number=Sing 11 wear obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have to-infinitive a hole vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient 2 make participle a hole not said here a body part vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 wear to-infinitive jewellery vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jewellery=Source
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"She had her ears pierced."
punct nsubj nmod:poss obj xcomp punct punct root " PUNCT She PRON had VERB her PRON ears NOUN pierced VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 had punct 2 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 ears nmod:poss 5 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 6 pierced pierce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 had xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have in a quote past She her ears tree rules 2 pierce in a quote participle her ears not said here vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: of light, sound or cold — kept apart, not parsed.
To suddenly go through something.
mark advmod case obl punct root To PART suddenly ADV go VERB through ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 go mark 2 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 3 go advmod 3 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 through through ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 go obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go to-infinitive something suddenly property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through something=Initial_Location
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"A scream pierced the silence."
punct det nsubj det obj punct punct root " PUNCT A DET scream NOUN pierced VERB the DET silence NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct 2 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 scream det 3 scream scream NOUN Number=Sing 4 pierced nsubj 4 pierced pierce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 silence det 6 silence silence NOUN Number=Sing 4 pierced obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 4 pierced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce in a quote participle a scream the silence vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Patient
Meaning 4 Usage: piercing, adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
Very loud and high, very sharp, or very cold; piercing eyes seem to look right through you.
The tree, 17 words advmod cc conj punct advmod conj punct cc advmod conj punct amod nsubj parataxis mark xcomp advmod case obl punct root Very ADV loud ADJ and CCONJ high ADJ , PUNCT very ADV sharp ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ very ADV cold ADJ ; PUNCT piercing VERB eyes NOUN seem VERB to PART look VERB right ADV through ADP you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Very very ADV _ 2 loud advmod 2 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 high cc 4 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 2 loud conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 sharp punct 6 very very ADV _ 7 sharp advmod 7 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 2 loud conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 cold punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 cold cc 10 very very ADV _ 11 cold advmod 11 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 2 loud conj 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 seem punct 13 piercing pierce VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 eyes amod 14 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 15 seem nsubj 15 seem seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 loud parataxis 16 to to PART _ 17 look mark 17 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 seem xcomp 18 right right ADV _ 17 look advmod 19 through through ADP _ 20 you case 20 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 look obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 loud punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce gerund vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 seem present piercing eyes vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 3 look to-infinitive piercing eyes not said here through you; right property vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through you=Theme
Example 1 The arrow pierced the target.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET arrow NOUN pierced VERB the DET target NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 arrow det 2 arrow arrow NOUN Number=Sing 3 pierced nsubj 3 pierced pierce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 target det 5 target target NOUN Number=Sing 3 pierced obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 pierced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce past the arrow the target vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent target=Patient
Example 2 She got her ears pierced for her birthday.
nsubj nmod:poss obj xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root She PRON got VERB her PRON ears NOUN pierced VERB for ADP her PRON birthday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 ears nmod:poss 4 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 2 got obj 5 pierced pierce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 got xcomp 6 for for ADP _ 8 birthday case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 birthday nmod:poss 8 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 5 pierced obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past She her ears tree rules 2 pierce participle her ears not said here for her birthday vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A whistle pierced the air.
det acl det obj punct root A DET whistle NOUN pierced VERB the DET air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 whistle det 2 whistle whistle NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 pierced pierce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 whistle acl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 air det 5 air air NOUN Number=Sing 3 pierced obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 whistle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce participle a whistle not said here the air vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient
Example 4 Sunlight pierced the clouds.
nsubj det obj punct root Sunlight PROPN pierced VERB the DET clouds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sunlight Sunlight PROPN Number=Sing 2 pierced nsubj 2 pierced pierce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 clouds det 4 clouds cloud NOUN Number=Plur 2 pierced obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 pierced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce past Sunlight the clouds vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloud=Patient
Example 5 A thorn pierced his finger.
det acl nmod:poss obj punct root A DET thorn NOUN pierced VERB his PRON finger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 thorn det 2 thorn thorn NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 pierced pierce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 thorn acl 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 finger nmod:poss 5 finger finger NOUN Number=Sing 3 pierced obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 thorn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce participle a thorn not said here his finger vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient
Example 6 The wind was piercing on the hill.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET wind NOUN was AUX piercing VERB on ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wind det 2 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 4 piercing nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 piercing aux 4 piercing pierce VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 hill case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 hill det 7 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 4 piercing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 piercing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pierce past · progressive the wind the hill vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 Her piercing blue eyes stared at me.
nmod:poss compound amod nsubj case obl punct root Her PRON piercing NOUN blue ADJ eyes NOUN stared VERB at ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 eyes nmod:poss 2 piercing piercing NOUN Number=Sing 4 eyes compound 3 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 4 eyes amod 4 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 5 stared nsubj 5 stared stare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 at at ADP _ 7 me case 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 stared obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 stared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stare past Her piercing blue eyes at me vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at i=Theme
Example 8 Immediately afterward they heard a sharp, piercing cry.
advmod advmod nsubj det amod punct amod obj punct root Immediately ADV afterward ADV they PRON heard VERB a DET sharp ADJ , PUNCT piercing VERB cry NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Immediately immediately ADV _ 4 heard advmod 2 afterward afterward ADV _ 4 heard advmod 3 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 heard nsubj 4 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 cry det 6 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 9 cry amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 piercing punct 8 piercing pierce VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 cry amod 9 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 4 heard obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past they a sharp piercing cry afterward, immediately property vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus 2 pierce gerund vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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