plane Who acts: plane, wings, flat surface, tool, plane tree, We · What happens: be, fly, go on, make, plant, take off · To what, where: aeroplane, flat surface, maths, directions, tool, wood · Speech: someone speaks here
«plane» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plane in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A plane is an aeroplane or airplane, a machine with wings that flies.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det cc conj punct det conj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root A DET plane NOUN is AUX an DET aeroplane NOUN or CCONJ airplane NOUN , PUNCT a DET machine NOUN with ADP wings NOUN that PRON flies VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 5 aeroplane nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 aeroplane cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 aeroplane det 5 aeroplane aeroplane NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 airplane cc 7 airplane airplane NOUN Number=Sing 5 aeroplane conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 machine punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 machine det 10 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 5 aeroplane conj 11 with with ADP _ 12 wings case 12 wings wing NOUN Number=Plur 10 machine nmod 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 flies nsubj 14 flies fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 wings acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 aeroplane punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plane a aeroplane or airplane and a machine with wings tree rules 2 fly present wings vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In maths, a plane is a flat surface that goes on forever in all directions.
The tree, 15 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt advmod case det obl punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT a DET plane NOUN is AUX a DET flat ADJ surface NOUN that PRON goes VERB on ADP forever ADV in ADP all DET directions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 9 surface obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 plane det 5 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 9 surface nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 surface cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 surface det 8 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 9 surface amod 9 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 goes nsubj 11 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 surface acl:relcl 12 on on ADP _ 11 goes compound:prt 13 forever forever ADV _ 11 goes advmod 14 in in ADP _ 16 directions case 15 all all DET PronType=Tot 16 directions det 16 directions direction NOUN Number=Plur 11 goes obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 surface punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plane a flat surface maths tree rules 2 go on present a flat surface all directions forever property vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in direction=Location
Meaning 3 A plane is a tool for making wood smooth and flat.
det nsubj cop det mark acl obj xcomp cc conj punct root A DET plane NOUN is AUX a DET tool NOUN for SCONJ making VERB wood NOUN smooth ADJ and CCONJ flat ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 5 tool nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 tool cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tool det 5 tool tool NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for SCONJ _ 7 making mark 7 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 tool acl 8 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 7 making obj 9 smooth smooth ADJ Degree=Pos 7 making xcomp 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 flat cc 11 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 9 smooth conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 tool punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plane a tool tree rules 2 make gerund a tool not said here wood smooth property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wood=Product
Meaning 4 A plane tree is a big tree often planted in city streets.
det compound nsubj cop det amod advmod acl case compound obl punct root A DET plane NOUN tree NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ tree NOUN often ADV planted VERB in ADP city NOUN streets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tree det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 tree compound 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 7 tree nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 tree cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tree det 6 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tree amod 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 often often ADV _ 9 planted advmod 9 planted plant VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 tree acl 10 in in ADP _ 12 streets case 11 city city NOUN Number=Sing 12 streets compound 12 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 9 planted obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 tree punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plane tree a big tree tree rules 2 plant participle a big tree not said here city streets often property vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in street=Destination
Example 1 We flew to Spain by plane.
nsubj case obl case obl punct root We PRON flew VERB to ADP Spain PROPN by ADP plane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 flew nsubj 2 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 4 Spain case 4 Spain Spain PROPN Number=Sing 2 flew obl 5 by by ADP _ 6 plane case 6 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 2 flew obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past We Spain by plane vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent by plane=Location
Example 2 The plane took off on time.
det nsubj compound:prt case obl punct root The DET plane NOUN took VERB off ADP on ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 off off ADP _ 3 took compound:prt 5 on on ADP _ 6 time case 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take off past the plane time vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 3 A square is a plane shape.
det nsubj cop det compound punct root A DET square NOUN is AUX a DET plane NOUN shape NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 square det 2 square square NOUN Number=Sing 6 shape nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 shape cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 shape det 5 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 6 shape compound 6 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 shape punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a square a plane shape tree rules
Example 4 Look at all the planes at the airport.
case det:predet det obl case det obl punct root Look VERB at ADP all DET the DET planes NOUN at ADP the DET airport NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 at at ADP _ 5 planes case 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 planes det:predet 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 planes det 5 planes plane NOUN Number=Plur 1 Look obl 6 at at ADP _ 8 airport case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 airport det 8 airport airport NOUN Number=Sing 1 Look obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look imperative you not said here at the airport; at all planes vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at plane=Theme
Example 5 Fasten your seat belt on the plane.
nmod:poss compound obj case det obl punct root Fasten VERB your PRON seat NOUN belt NOUN on ADP the DET plane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fasten fasten VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 belt nmod:poss 3 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 4 belt compound 4 belt belt NOUN Number=Sing 1 Fasten obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 plane case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 plane det 7 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 1 Fasten obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Fasten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fasten imperative you not said here your seat belt on the plane vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent belt=Patient on plane=Co-Patient
Example 6 The carpenter used a plane to smooth the door.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET carpenter NOUN used VERB a DET plane NOUN to PART smooth VERB the DET door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 carpenter det 2 carpenter carpenter NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 plane det 5 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 smooth mark 7 smooth smooth VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 door det 9 door door NOUN Number=Sing 7 smooth obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the carpenter a plane vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Patient 2 smooth to-infinitive the carpenter not said here the door vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient
Example 7 A plane flew high above the clouds.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root A DET plane NOUN flew VERB high ADV above ADP the DET clouds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 flew nsubj 3 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 high high ADV Degree=Pos 3 flew advmod 5 above above ADP _ 7 clouds case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 clouds det 7 clouds cloud NOUN Number=Plur 3 flew obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past a plane the clouds high property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above cloud=Location
Example 8 Plane trees line the streets of London.
compound nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Plane NOUN trees NOUN line VERB the DET streets NOUN of ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 2 trees compound 2 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 3 line nsubj 3 line line VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 streets det 5 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 3 line obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 London case 7 London London PROPN Number=Sing 5 streets nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 line punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 line present Plane trees the streets of London vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme street=Destination
Example 9 "Ungrateful creatures!" said a voice from the Plane Tree.
punct amod nsubj punct punct det obj case det compound obl punct root " PUNCT Ungrateful ADJ creatures NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB a DET voice NOUN from ADP the DET Plane PROPN Tree PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 creatures punct 2 Ungrateful ungrateful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 creatures amod 3 creatures creature NOUN Number=Plur 6 said nsubj 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 creatures punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 creatures punct 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 voice det 8 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 6 said obj 9 from from ADP _ 12 Tree case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 Tree det 11 Plane Plane PROPN Number=Sing 12 Tree compound 12 Tree Tree PROPN Number=Sing 6 said obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Ungrateful creatures a voice the Plane Tree vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent voice=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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