plant Who acts: plant, living thing, Most plants, seeds, she, He · What happens: be, grow, make, mean, put, plant · To what, where: living thing, soil, own food, sunlight, ground, factory
«plant» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plant in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A plant is a living thing that grows in soil, like a flower, grass or a tree. Most plants are green and make their own food from sunlight.
Sentence 1: A plant is a living thing that grows in soil, like a flower, grass or a tree.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct case det obl punct appos cc det conj punct root A DET plant NOUN is AUX a DET living ADJ thing NOUN that PRON grows VERB in ADP soil NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET flower NOUN , PUNCT grass NOUN or CCONJ a DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 thing det 5 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 grows nsubj 8 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing acl:relcl 9 in in ADP _ 10 soil case 10 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 8 grows obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 flower punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 flower case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 flower det 14 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing 8 grows obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 grass punct 16 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 14 flower appos 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 tree cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 tree det 19 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 16 grass conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plant a living thing tree rules 2 grow present a living thing soil like a flower vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in soil=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Most plants are green and make their own food from sunlight.
amod nsubj cop cc conj nmod:poss amod obj case obl punct root Most ADJ plants NOUN are AUX green ADJ and CCONJ make VERB their PRON own ADJ food NOUN from ADP sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 plants amod 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 4 green nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 green cop 4 green green ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 make cc 6 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 green conj 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 food nmod:poss 8 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 9 food amod 9 food food NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obj 10 from from ADP _ 11 sunlight case 11 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 green punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Most plants green property tree rules 2 make present Most plants not said here grass's own food sunlight vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from sunlight=Material
Meaning 2 To plant is to put seeds or plants in the ground so they grow.
The tree, 14 words mark advcl cop mark obj cc conj case det obl advmod nsubj advcl punct root To PART plant NOUN is AUX to PART put VERB seeds NOUN or CCONJ plants NOUN in ADP the DET ground NOUN so ADV they PRON grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 plant mark 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 5 put advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 put cop 4 to to PART _ 5 put mark 5 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 5 put obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 plants cc 8 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 6 seeds conj 9 in in ADP _ 11 ground case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 ground det 11 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 5 put obl 12 so so ADV _ 14 grow advmod 13 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 grow nsubj 14 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 put advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the ground put property tree rules 2 grow present seeds = seed vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 A plant is also a factory or big machine: a power plant.
det nsubj cop advmod det cc amod conj punct det compound parataxis punct root A DET plant NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET factory NOUN or CCONJ big ADJ machine NOUN : PUNCT a DET power NOUN plant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 6 factory nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 factory cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 factory advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 factory det 6 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 machine cc 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 machine amod 9 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 6 factory conj 10 : : PUNCT _ 13 plant punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 plant det 12 power power NOUN Number=Sing 13 plant compound 13 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 6 factory parataxis 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 factory punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a plant a factory or big machine tree rules
Meaning 4 To plant can mean to put something firmly in place: she planted her feet.
The tree, 14 words case obl aux mark xcomp obj advmod case obl punct nsubj conj nmod:poss obj punct root To ADP plant NOUN can AUX mean VERB to PART put VERB something PRON firmly ADV in ADP place NOUN : PUNCT she PRON planted VERB her PRON feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to ADP _ 2 plant case 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean obl 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 put mark 6 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 put obj 8 firmly firmly ADV _ 6 put advmod 9 in in ADP _ 10 place case 10 place place NOUN Number=Sing 6 put obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 planted punct 12 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 planted nsubj 13 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 mean conj 14 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 feet nmod:poss 15 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 13 planted obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can to plant vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 put not said to happen to-infinitive something place firmly property vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent something=Theme in place=Destination 3 plant past she her feet vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient
Example 1 She plants 5 rows of 6 flowers.
nsubj nummod conj case nummod nmod punct root She PRON plants NOUN 5 NUM rows NOUN of ADP 6 NUM flowers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 plants nsubj 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 rows nummod 4 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 2 plants conj 5 of of ADP _ 7 flowers case 6 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 flowers nummod 7 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 4 rows nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 plants punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The plant grows 2 cm each week.
det nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET plant NOUN grows VERB 2 NUM cm NOUN each DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows nsubj 3 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 cm nummod 5 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 3 grows obj 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 week det 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 grows obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present the plant 2 cm week vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cm=Theme
Example 3 He has 12 plants.
nsubj nummod obj punct root He PRON has VERB 12 NUM plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 plants nummod 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present He 12 plants vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient
Example 4 How many plants are in the garden?
advmod amod nsubj cop case det punct root How ADV many ADJ plants NOUN are AUX in ADP the DET garden NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 plants amod 3 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 7 garden nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 garden cop 5 in in ADP _ 7 garden case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 garden det 7 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 7 garden punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present many plants the garden tree rules
Example 5 Plants need water and sunlight to grow.
nsubj obj cc conj mark advcl punct root Plants NOUN need VERB water NOUN and CCONJ sunlight NOUN to PART grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 sunlight cc 5 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 3 water conj 6 to to PART _ 7 grow mark 7 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 need advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Plants water and sunlight vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme 2 grow to-infinitive Plants not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The roots hold the plant in the soil.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET roots NOUN hold VERB the DET plant NOUN in ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 roots det 2 roots root NOUN Number=Plur 3 hold nsubj 3 hold hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 plant det 5 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 3 hold obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 soil case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 soil det 8 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 3 hold obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present the roots the plant the soil vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent plant=Theme in soil=Location
Example 7 We planted bean seeds in paper cups.
nsubj compound obj case compound obl punct root We PRON planted VERB bean NOUN seeds NOUN in ADP paper NOUN cups NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 planted nsubj 2 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 bean bean NOUN Number=Sing 4 seeds compound 4 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 2 planted obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 cups case 6 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 7 cups compound 7 cups cup NOUN Number=Plur 2 planted obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant past We bean seeds paper cups vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent seed=Theme in cup=Destination
Example 8 The power plant makes electricity for the town.
det compound nsubj obj case det obl punct root The DET power NOUN plant NOUN makes VERB electricity NOUN for ADP the DET town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 plant det 2 power power NOUN Number=Sing 3 plant compound 3 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes nsubj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 town case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 town det 8 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present the power plant electricity for the town vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent electricity=Product for town=Asset
Example 9 Some plants, like poison ivy, can hurt your skin.
det nsubj punct case compound conj punct aux nmod:poss obj punct root Some DET plants NOUN , PUNCT like ADP poison NOUN ivy NOUN , PUNCT can AUX hurt VERB your PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 plants det 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 9 hurt nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 ivy punct 4 like like ADP _ 6 ivy case 5 poison poison NOUN Number=Sing 6 ivy compound 6 ivy ivy NOUN Number=Sing 2 plants conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 plants punct 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 hurt aux 9 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 skin nmod:poss 11 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 hurt obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt can some plants and poison ivy your skin vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skin=Patient
Example 10 The dwarf stood gazing at the plant.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root The DET dwarf NOUN stood VERB gazing VERB at ADP the DET plant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dwarf det 2 dwarf dwarf NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood nsubj 3 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 gazing gaze VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 stood xcomp 5 at at ADP _ 7 plant case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 plant det 7 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 4 gazing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past the dwarf vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 gaze gerund the dwarf not said here at the plant vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at plant=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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