polarisation Who acts: Polarisation, polarised sunglasses, opposite views, It, class, News reports · What happens: be, vibrate, polaris, cut, polarise, move · To what, where: Polarisation, one direction, glare, light, two sides, people · Speech: someone speaks here
«polarisation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: polarisation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
Polarisation of light is when light waves are made to vibrate in only one direction, as in polarised sunglasses that cut glare.
The tree, 22 words nsubj case nmod cop mark compound nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp case advmod nummod obl punct case case amod obl nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Polarisation NOUN of ADP light NOUN is AUX when SCONJ light NOUN waves NOUN are AUX made VERB to PART vibrate VERB in ADP only ADV one NUM direction NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP polarised VERB sunglasses NOUN that PRON cut VERB glare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 9 made nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 light case 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing 1 Polarisation nmod 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 made cop 5 when when SCONJ _ 9 made mark 6 light light NOUN Number=Sing 7 waves compound 7 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 9 made nsubj:pass 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 made aux:pass 9 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 to to PART _ 11 vibrate mark 11 vibrate vibrate VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 made xcomp 12 in in ADP _ 15 direction case 13 only only ADV _ 14 one advmod 14 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 direction nummod 15 direction direction NOUN Number=Sing 11 vibrate obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 sunglasses punct 17 as as ADP _ 20 sunglasses case 18 in in ADP _ 20 sunglasses case 19 polarised polaris VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 sunglasses amod 20 sunglasses sunglasses NOUN Number=Plur 11 vibrate obl 21 that that PRON PronType=Rel 22 cut nsubj 22 cut cut VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 sunglasses acl:relcl 23 glare glare NOUN Number=Sing 22 cut obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 9 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present · passive Polarisation of light make property tree rules 2 vibrate to-infinitive Polarisation of light not said here one direction as polarised sunglasses vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Location 3 polaris participle tree rules 4 cut present polarised sunglasses glare vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glare=Product 5 polarise light nom polarisation «state transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Polarisation of people is when a group splits into two sides with opposite views that move further apart.
The tree, 18 words nsubj case nmod cop mark det nsubj case nummod obl case amod obl nsubj acl:relcl advmod advmod punct root Polarisation NOUN of ADP people NOUN is AUX when SCONJ a DET group NOUN splits VERB into ADP two NUM sides NOUN with ADP opposite ADJ views NOUN that PRON move VERB further ADV apart ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 8 splits nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 people case 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Polarisation nmod 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 splits cop 5 when when SCONJ _ 8 splits mark 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 group det 7 group group NOUN Number=Sing 8 splits nsubj 8 splits split VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 into into ADP _ 11 sides case 10 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 sides nummod 11 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 8 splits obl 12 with with ADP _ 14 views case 13 opposite opposite ADJ Degree=Pos 14 views amod 14 views view NOUN Number=Plur 8 splits obl 15 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 move nsubj 16 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 views acl:relcl 17 further further ADV _ 18 apart advmod 18 apart apart ADV _ 16 move advmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 splits punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Polarisation of people two sides with opposite views; split property tree rules 2 move present opposite views apart property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 polarise people nom polarisation «state transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
It can also mean something gaining two opposite poles or charges, like a magnet or battery.
The tree, 16 words nsubj aux advmod obj acl nummod amod obj cc conj punct case det conj cc conj punct root It PRON can AUX also ADV mean VERB something PRON gaining VERB two NUM opposite ADJ poles NOUN or CCONJ charges NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET magnet NOUN or CCONJ battery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 mean obj 6 gaining gain VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 something acl 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 poles nummod 8 opposite opposite ADJ Degree=Pos 9 poles amod 9 poles pole NOUN Number=Plur 6 gaining obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 charges cc 11 charges charge NOUN Number=Plur 9 poles conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 magnet punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 magnet case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 magnet det 15 magnet magnet NOUN Number=Sing 9 poles conj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 battery cc 17 battery battery NOUN Number=Sing 15 magnet conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can It something vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic 2 gain gerund two opposite poles or charges and a magnet or battery vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pole=Theme
Example 1 Polarised sunglasses use the polarisation of light to cut glare.
amod nsubj det obj case nmod mark advcl obj punct root Polarised VERB sunglasses NOUN use VERB the DET polarisation NOUN of ADP light NOUN to PART cut VERB glare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polarised polaris VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 sunglasses amod 2 sunglasses sunglasses NOUN Number=Plur 3 use nsubj 3 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 polarisation det 5 polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 3 use obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 light case 7 light light NOUN Number=Sing 5 polarisation nmod 8 to to PART _ 9 cut mark 9 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 use advcl 10 glare glare NOUN Number=Sing 9 cut obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 polaris participle tree rules 2 use present Polarised sunglasses the polarisation of light vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent polarisation=Patient 3 cut to-infinitive Polarised sunglasses not said here glare vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset glare=Product 4 polarise light nom polarisation «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 The class argued, and there was real polarisation.
det nsubj punct cc expl cop amod obl punct root The DET class NOUN argued VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ there PRON was AUX real ADJ polarisation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 argued nsubj 3 argued argue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 polarisation punct 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 was cc 6 there there PRON PronType=Dem 7 was expl 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 polarisation cop 8 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 9 polarisation amod 9 polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 3 argued obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 argued punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 argue speech: disagree past the class vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a past real polarisation tree rules
Example 3 News reports talk about polarisation in politics.
compound nsubj case obl case obl punct root News NOUN reports NOUN talk VERB about ADP polarisation NOUN in ADP politics NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 News news NOUN Number=Sing 2 reports compound 2 reports report NOUN Number=Plur 3 talk nsubj 3 talk talk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADP _ 5 polarisation case 5 polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 3 talk obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 politics case 7 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 3 talk obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 talk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk present News reports politics about polarisation vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about polarisation=Topic
Example 4 Polarisation means people end up on two opposite sides.
nsubj nsubj ccomp compound:prt case nummod amod obl punct root Polarisation NOUN means VERB people NOUN end VERB up ADP on ADP two NUM opposite ADJ sides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 end nsubj 4 end end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means ccomp 5 up up ADP _ 4 end compound:prt 6 on on ADP _ 9 sides case 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 sides nummod 8 opposite opposite ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sides amod 9 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 4 end obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Polarisation vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 end up present people two opposite sides vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 5 Fishermen wear polarised glasses to see into water.
nsubj amod obj mark advcl case obl punct root Fishermen NOUN wear VERB polarised VERB glasses NOUN to PART see VERB into ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fishermen fisherman NOUN Number=Plur 2 wear nsubj 2 wear wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 polarised polaris VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 glasses amod 4 glasses glass NOUN Number=Plur 2 wear obj 5 to to PART _ 6 see mark 6 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 wear advcl 7 into into ADP _ 8 water case 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 see obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Fishermen polarised glasses vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent glass=Source 2 polaris participle tree rules 3 see to-infinitive Fishermen not said here water vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 Polarisation in the group meant nobody would agree.
nsubj case det nmod nsubj aux xcomp punct root Polarisation NOUN in ADP the DET group NOUN meant VERB nobody PRON would AUX agree VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polarisation polarisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 meant nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 group case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 group det 4 group group NOUN Number=Sing 1 Polarisation nmod 5 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 8 agree nsubj 7 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 agree aux 8 agree agree VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 meant xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean past Polarisation in the group vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 agree speech: agree not said to happen would nobody vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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