politics Who acts: Politics, people, uncle, She, We, lot · What happens: be, run, make, govern, mean, argue · To what, where: activities, country, laws, study, countries, opinions · Speech: someone speaks here
«politics» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: politics in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Politics is the activities of governments and people who run a country, including elections and making laws.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop det case nmod cc conj nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct case obl cc conj obj punct root Politics NOUN is AUX the DET activities NOUN of ADP governments NOUN and CCONJ people NOUN who PRON run VERB a DET country NOUN , PUNCT including ADP elections NOUN and CCONJ making VERB laws NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 activities nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 activities cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 activities det 4 activities activity NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 governments case 6 governments government NOUN Number=Plur 4 activities nmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 people cc 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 governments conj 9 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 run nsubj 10 run run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 people acl:relcl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 country det 12 country country NOUN Number=Sing 10 run obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 elections punct 14 including including ADP _ 15 elections case 15 elections election NOUN Number=Plur 10 run obl 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 making cc 17 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 run conj 18 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 17 making obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 activities punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Politics the activities of governments and people tree rules 2 run present people a country including elections vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme country=Trajectory 3 make gerund people not said here laws vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset law=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Politics is the study of how countries are governed.
nsubj cop det mark advmod nsubj aux:pass acl punct root Politics NOUN is AUX the DET study NOUN of SCONJ how ADV countries NOUN are AUX governed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 study nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 study cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 study det 4 study study NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 9 governed mark 6 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 governed advmod 7 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 9 governed nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 governed aux:pass 9 governed govern VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 study acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 study punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Politics the study tree rules 2 govern present · passive countries vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 A person's politics are their opinions about how the country should be run.
The tree, 14 words det nmod:poss case nsubj cop nmod:poss mark advmod det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass acl punct root A DET person NOUN 's PART politics NOUN are AUX their PRON opinions NOUN about SCONJ how ADV the DET country NOUN should AUX be AUX run VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 4 politics nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 person case 4 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 7 opinions nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 opinions cop 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 opinions nmod:poss 7 opinions opinion NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 about about SCONJ _ 14 run mark 9 how how ADV PronType=Int 14 run advmod 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 country det 11 country country NOUN Number=Sing 14 run nsubj:pass 12 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 run aux 13 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 run aux:pass 14 run run VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 opinions acl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 opinions punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a person's politics politics's opinions tree rules 2 run should · passive the country vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory
Meaning 4 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Politics can mean arguing and plotting for power in any group: office politics, playground politics.
The tree, 15 words nsubj aux xcomp cc conj case obl case det obl punct compound appos punct compound conj punct root Politics NOUN can AUX mean VERB arguing VERB and CCONJ plotting VERB for ADP power NOUN in ADP any DET group NOUN : PUNCT office NOUN politics NOUN , PUNCT playground NOUN politics NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 arguing argue VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 mean xcomp 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 plotting cc 6 plotting plot VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 arguing conj 7 for for ADP _ 8 power case 8 power power NOUN Number=Sing 6 plotting obl 9 in in ADP _ 11 group case 10 any any DET PronType=Ind 11 group det 11 group group NOUN Number=Sing 6 plotting obl 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 politics punct 13 office office NOUN Number=Sing 14 politics compound 14 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 11 group appos 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 politics punct 16 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 17 politics compound 17 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 14 politics conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Politics vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 argue speech: disagree not said to happen gerund Politics not said here vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 plot gerund Politics not said here any group for power vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in group=Destination
Example 1 My uncle is interested in politics.
nmod:poss nsubj cop case obl punct root My PRON uncle NOUN is AUX interested ADJ in ADP politics NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 4 interested nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 interested cop 4 interested interested ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 politics case 6 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 interested obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 interested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My uncle politics interested property tree rules
Example 2 People in politics make laws for the country.
nsubj case nmod obj case det obl punct root People NOUN in ADP politics NOUN make VERB laws NOUN for ADP the DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 4 make nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 politics case 3 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 1 People nmod 4 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 4 make obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 country case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 country det 8 country country NOUN Number=Sing 4 make obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present People in politics laws for the country vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent law=Product for country=Asset
Example 3 She wants to go into politics when she grows up.
nsubj mark xcomp case obl advmod nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root She PRON wants VERB to PART go VERB into ADP politics NOUN when ADV she PRON grows VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wants nsubj 2 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 go mark 4 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 wants xcomp 5 into into ADP _ 6 politics case 6 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 go obl 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 grows advmod 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 grows nsubj 9 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 go advcl 10 up up ADP _ 9 grows compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 wants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present She vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 go not said to happen to-infinitive She not said here politics vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into politics=Initial_Location 3 grow up present she vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 We don't talk about politics at dinner.
nsubj aux advmod case obl case obl punct root We PRON do AUX n't PART talk VERB about ADP politics NOUN at ADP dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 talk nsubj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 talk aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 talk advmod 4 talk talk VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 about about ADP _ 6 politics case 6 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 talk obl 7 at at ADP _ 8 dinner case 8 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 4 talk obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 talk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not talk present · do-support We dinner about politics vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about politics=Topic
Example 5 There's a lot of politics in our football club.
expl det nsubj case nmod case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root There PRON 's VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP politics NOUN in ADP our PRON football NOUN club NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 's expl 2 's be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lot det 4 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 2 's nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 politics case 6 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 lot nmod 7 in in ADP _ 10 club case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 club nmod:poss 9 football football NOUN Number=Sing 10 club compound 10 club club NOUN Number=Sing 6 politics nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 's punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present a lot of politics in our football club there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Politics is studied at university.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Politics NOUN is AUX studied VERB at ADP university NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 3 studied nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 studied aux:pass 3 studied study VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 university case 5 university university NOUN Number=Sing 3 studied obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 studied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study present · passive Politics university vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
Example 7 About politics they had a good deal to say.
case obl nsubj det amod obj mark acl punct root About ADP politics NOUN they PRON had VERB a DET good ADJ deal NOUN to PART say VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 About about ADP _ 2 politics case 2 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 4 had obl 3 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 deal det 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 7 deal amod 7 deal deal NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obj 8 to to PART _ 9 say mark 9 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 deal acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past politics a good deal about politics vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Patient 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive politics not said here a good deal not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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