poor Who acts: Poor, We, Poor puppy, something, family, they · What happens: mean, have, be, pay, say, feel · To what, where: little money, poor, it, car, bus, bike · Speech: someone speaks here
«poor» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: poor in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Poor means having very little money and few things, so that it is hard to pay for food, a home or clothes.
The tree, 22 words nsubj xcomp advmod amod obj cc amod conj punct mark fixed expl cop ccomp mark xcomp case obl punct det conj cc conj punct root Poor ADJ means VERB having VERB very ADV little ADJ money NOUN and CCONJ few ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT so SCONJ that SCONJ it PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART pay VERB for ADP food NOUN , PUNCT a DET home NOUN or CCONJ clothes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 very very ADV _ 5 little advmod 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 money amod 6 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 having obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 things cc 8 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 9 things amod 9 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 money conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 15 hard punct 11 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 15 hard mark 12 that that SCONJ _ 11 so fixed 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 hard expl 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 hard cop 15 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means ccomp 16 to to PART _ 17 pay mark 17 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 hard xcomp 18 for for ADP _ 19 food case 19 food food NOUN Number=Sing 17 pay obl 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 home punct 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 home det 22 home home NOUN Number=Sing 19 food conj 23 or or CCONJ _ 24 clothes cc 24 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 19 food conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Poor vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have not said to happen gerund Poor not said here little money and few things vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient 3 is present hard property tree rules 4 pay to-infinitive for food and a home or clothes vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for food=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Poor means not good enough, low in quality: poor work, poor light, poor health.
The tree, 14 words nsubj advmod xcomp advmod punct conj case obl punct amod nmod punct amod conj punct amod conj punct root Poor ADJ means VERB not PART good ADJ enough ADV , PUNCT low ADJ in ADP quality NOUN : PUNCT poor ADJ work NOUN , PUNCT poor ADJ light NOUN , PUNCT poor ADJ health NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 good advmod 4 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 5 enough enough ADV _ 4 good advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 low punct 7 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 4 good conj 8 in in ADP _ 9 quality case 9 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 7 low obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 work punct 11 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 12 work amod 12 work work NOUN Number=Sing 9 quality nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 light punct 14 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 15 light amod 15 light light NOUN Number=Sing 12 work conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 health punct 17 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 18 health amod 18 health health NOUN Number=Sing 12 work conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Poor good property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 We say «poor» when we feel sorry for someone: «Poor puppy, it is cold.».
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct obj punct advmod nsubj advcl xcomp case obl punct punct amod nsubj punct nsubj cop parataxis punct punct punct root We PRON say VERB « PUNCT poor ADJ » PUNCT when ADV we PRON feel VERB sorry ADJ for ADP someone PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Poor ADJ puppy NOUN , PUNCT it PRON is AUX cold ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 say nsubj 2 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 poor punct 4 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 2 say obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 poor punct 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 feel advmod 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 feel nsubj 8 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 say advcl 9 sorry sorry ADJ Degree=Pos 8 feel xcomp 10 for for ADP _ 11 someone case 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 sorry obl 12 : : PUNCT _ 19 cold punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 puppy punct 14 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 15 puppy amod 15 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 19 cold nsubj 16 , , PUNCT _ 15 puppy punct 17 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 cold nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 cold cop 19 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 2 say parataxis 20 . . PUNCT _ 19 cold punct 21 » » PUNCT _ 19 cold punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present We poor tree rules 2 feel present we sorry property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 3 is in a quote present Poor puppy cold property tree rules
Meaning 4 Poor at something means not skilled at it.
amod case nsubj advmod ccomp case obl punct root Poor ADJ at ADP something PRON means VERB not PART skilled VERB at ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 3 something amod 2 at at ADP _ 3 something case 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 skilled advmod 6 skilled skill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 means ccomp 7 at at ADP _ 8 it case 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 skilled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present something vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not skill participle it tree rules
Example 1 The family was too poor to buy a car, so they took the bus.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop advmod mark xcomp det obj punct advmod nsubj conj det obj punct root The DET family NOUN was AUX too ADV poor ADJ to PART buy VERB a DET car NOUN , PUNCT so ADV they PRON took VERB the DET bus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 5 poor nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 poor cop 4 too too ADV _ 5 poor advmod 5 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 to to PART _ 7 buy mark 7 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 poor xcomp 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 car det 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 7 buy obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 took punct 11 so so ADV _ 13 took advmod 12 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 took nsubj 13 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 poor conj 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 bus det 15 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 13 took obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 poor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the family poor property tree rules 2 buy to-infinitive the family not said here a car vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme 3 take past they the bus vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Theme
Example 2 My handwriting is poor when I write too fast.
nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod nsubj advcl advmod advmod punct root My PRON handwriting NOUN is AUX poor ADJ when ADV I PRON write VERB too ADV fast ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 handwriting nmod:poss 2 handwriting handwriting NOUN Number=Sing 4 poor nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 poor cop 4 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 write advmod 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 write nsubj 7 write write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 poor advcl 8 too too ADV _ 9 fast advmod 9 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 7 write advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 poor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My handwriting poor property tree rules 2 write present I fast property vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 handwrite My nom handwriting «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Poor Max fell off his bike and scraped his knee.
amod nsubj case nmod:poss obl cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Poor ADJ Max PROPN fell VERB off ADP his PRON bike NOUN and CCONJ scraped VERB his PRON knee NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Max amod 2 Max Max PROPN Number=Sing 3 fell nsubj 3 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 off off ADP _ 6 bike case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 bike nmod:poss 6 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 fell obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 scraped cc 8 scraped scrape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 fell conj 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 knee nmod:poss 10 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 8 scraped obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall off past Poor Max Max's bike vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient bike=Extent 2 scrape past Poor Max not said here Max's knee vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knee=Patient
Example 4 Wood is a poor conductor of heat, so the spoon handle stays cool.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct advmod det compound nsubj parataxis xcomp punct root Wood NOUN is AUX a DET poor ADJ conductor NOUN of ADP heat NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET spoon NOUN handle NOUN stays VERB cool ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 5 conductor nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 conductor cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 conductor det 4 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 5 conductor amod 5 conductor conductor NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 heat case 7 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 5 conductor nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 13 stays punct 9 so so ADV _ 13 stays advmod 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 handle det 11 spoon spoon NOUN Number=Sing 12 handle compound 12 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing 13 stays nsubj 13 stays stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 conductor parataxis 14 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 13 stays xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 conductor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Wood a poor conductor of heat tree rules 2 stay present the spoon handle cool property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The light was too poor to read by, so I switched on the lamp.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop advmod mark advcl obl punct advmod nsubj conj case det obl punct root The DET light NOUN was AUX too ADV poor ADJ to PART read VERB by ADP , PUNCT so ADV I PRON switched VERB on ADP the DET lamp NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 light det 2 light light NOUN Number=Sing 5 poor nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 poor cop 4 too too ADV _ 5 poor advmod 5 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 to to PART _ 7 read mark 7 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 poor advcl 8 by by ADP _ 7 read obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 switched punct 10 so so ADV _ 12 switched advmod 11 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 switched nsubj 12 switched switch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 poor conj 13 on on ADP _ 15 lamp case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 lamp det 15 lamp lamp NOUN Number=Sing 12 switched obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 poor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the light poor property tree rules 2 read to-infinitive the light not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 switch past I the lamp vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 6 I am poor at catching but good at running.
nsubj cop mark advcl cc conj mark advcl punct root I PRON am AUX poor ADJ at SCONJ catching VERB but CCONJ good ADJ at SCONJ running VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 poor nsubj 2 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 poor cop 3 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 at at SCONJ _ 5 catching mark 5 catching catch VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 poor advcl 6 but but CCONJ _ 7 good cc 7 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 3 poor conj 8 at at SCONJ _ 9 running mark 9 running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 good advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 poor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present I poor property tree rules 2 catch gerund I not said here vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 be I not said here tree rules 4 run gerund I not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Charities collect food for poor families at Christmas.
nsubj obj case amod obl case obl punct root Charities NOUN collect VERB food NOUN for ADP poor ADJ families NOUN at ADP Christmas PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Charities charity NOUN Number=Plur 2 collect nsubj 2 collect collect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 collect obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 families case 5 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 6 families amod 6 families family NOUN Number=Plur 2 collect obl 7 at at ADP _ 8 Christmas case 8 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 2 collect obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 collect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect present Charities food Christmas for poor families vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
Example 8 The plants grew badly in the poor, dry soil.
det nsubj advmod case det amod punct amod obl punct root The DET plants NOUN grew VERB badly ADV in ADP the DET poor ADJ , PUNCT dry ADJ soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plants det 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 3 grew nsubj 3 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 3 grew advmod 5 in in ADP _ 10 soil case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 soil det 7 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 10 soil amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 poor punct 9 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 10 soil amod 10 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 3 grew obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past the plants the poor dry soil badly property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in soil=Location
Example 9 "Poor little fellow!" said Mr. Fitz-war-ren.
punct amod amod ccomp punct punct nmod:desc nsubj punct compound punct appos punct root " PUNCT Poor ADJ little ADJ fellow NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Mr. PROPN Fitz PROPN - PUNCT war NOUN - PUNCT ren NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 fellow punct 2 Poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fellow amod 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fellow amod 4 fellow fellow NOUN Number=Sing 7 said ccomp 5 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 fellow punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 fellow punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 Mr. Mr. PROPN Number=Sing 9 Fitz nmod:desc 9 Fitz Fitz PROPN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 Fitz punct 11 war war NOUN Number=Sing 13 ren compound 12 - - PUNCT _ 11 war punct 13 ren ren NOUN Number=Sing 9 Fitz appos 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Fitz Mr. vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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