potlatch Who acts: potlatch, host, family, Dancers, Today potlatches, We · What happens: be, give, mark, hold, celebrate, wear · To what, where: big traditional ceremony, gifts, guests, important events, potlatch, new chief
«potlatch» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: potlatch in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A potlatch is a big traditional ceremony and feast of First Nations and Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest coast of North America, such as the Kwakwaka'wakw and the Haida, where the host gives gifts to guests to mark important events like births, marriages, names and deaths.
The tree, 48 words det nsubj cop det amod amod cc conj case amod nmod cc amod amod conj case det compound compound nmod case compound nmod punct case fixed det conj cc det conj punct advmod det nsubj acl:relcl obj case obl mark advcl amod obj case nmod punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET potlatch NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ traditional ADJ ceremony NOUN and CCONJ feast NOUN of ADP First ADJ Nations PROPN and CCONJ Native ADJ American ADJ peoples NOUN of ADP the DET Pacific PROPN Northwest PROPN coast NOUN of ADP North PROPN America PROPN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP the DET Kwakwaka'wakw PROPN and CCONJ the DET Haida PROPN , PUNCT where ADV the DET host NOUN gives VERB gifts NOUN to ADP guests NOUN to PART mark VERB important ADJ events NOUN like ADP births NOUN , PUNCT marriages NOUN , PUNCT names NOUN and CCONJ deaths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 potlatch det 2 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 7 ceremony nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ceremony cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ceremony det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 ceremony amod 6 traditional traditional ADJ Degree=Pos 7 ceremony amod 7 ceremony ceremony NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 feast cc 9 feast feast NOUN Number=Sing 7 ceremony conj 10 of of ADP _ 12 Nations case 11 First First ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 12 Nations amod 12 Nations Nation PROPN Number=Plur 9 feast nmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 16 peoples cc 14 Native native ADJ Degree=Pos 16 peoples amod 15 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 16 peoples amod 16 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 7 ceremony conj 17 of of ADP _ 21 coast case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 coast det 19 Pacific Pacific PROPN Number=Sing 20 Northwest compound 20 Northwest Northwest PROPN Number=Sing 21 coast compound 21 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 16 peoples nmod 22 of of ADP _ 24 America case 23 North North PROPN Number=Sing 24 America compound 24 America America PROPN Number=Sing 21 coast nmod 25 , , PUNCT _ 29 Kwakwaka'wakw punct 26 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 29 Kwakwaka'wakw case 27 as as ADP _ 26 such fixed 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 Kwakwaka'wakw det 29 Kwakwaka'wakw Kwakwaka'wakw PROPN Number=Sing 16 peoples conj 30 and and CCONJ _ 32 Haida cc 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 Haida det 32 Haida Haida PROPN Number=Sing 29 Kwakwaka'wakw conj 33 , , PUNCT _ 37 gives punct 34 where where ADV PronType=Rel 37 gives advmod 35 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 36 host det 36 host host NOUN Number=Sing 37 gives nsubj 37 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 29 Kwakwaka'wakw acl:relcl 38 gifts gift NOUN Number=Plur 37 gives obj 39 to to ADP _ 40 guests case 40 guests guest NOUN Number=Plur 37 gives obl 41 to to PART _ 42 mark mark 42 mark mark VERB VerbForm=Inf 37 gives advcl 43 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 44 events amod 44 events event NOUN Number=Plur 42 mark obj 45 like like ADP _ 46 births case 46 births birth NOUN Number=Plur 44 events nmod 47 , , PUNCT _ 48 marriages punct 48 marriages marriage NOUN Number=Plur 44 events conj 49 , , PUNCT _ 50 names punct 50 names name NOUN Number=Plur 44 events conj 51 and and CCONJ _ 52 deaths cc 52 deaths death NOUN Number=Plur 50 names conj 53 . . PUNCT _ 7 ceremony punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a potlatch a big traditional ceremony and feast of First Nations and Native American peoples of the Northwest coast of North America and the Kwakwaka'wakw and the Haida tree rules 2 give present the host gifts guests vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent gift=Theme to guest=Recipient 3 mark to-infinitive the host not said here important events and marriages and names and deaths like births vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent event=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The family held a potlatch to celebrate a new chief.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det amod obj punct root The DET family NOUN held VERB a DET potlatch NOUN to PART celebrate VERB a DET new ADJ chief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 potlatch det 5 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 6 to to PART _ 7 celebrate mark 7 celebrate celebrate VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 held advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 chief det 9 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 10 chief amod 10 chief chief NOUN Number=Sing 7 celebrate obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past the family a potlatch vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potlatch=Theme 2 celebrate to-infinitive the family not said here a new chief vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chief=Theme
Example 2 At a potlatch, the host gives gifts to the guests.
case det obl punct det nsubj obj case det obl punct root At ADP a DET potlatch NOUN , PUNCT the DET host NOUN gives VERB gifts NOUN to ADP the DET guests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 3 potlatch case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 potlatch det 3 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 potlatch punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 host det 6 host host NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives nsubj 7 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 gifts gift NOUN Number=Plur 7 gives obj 9 to to ADP _ 11 guests case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 guests det 11 guests guest NOUN Number=Plur 7 gives obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present the host gifts the guests a potlatch vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent gift=Theme at potlatch=Asset to guest=Recipient
Example 3 Dancers wore carved masks at the potlatch.
nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root Dancers NOUN wore VERB carved VERB masks NOUN at ADP the DET potlatch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dancers dancer NOUN Number=Plur 2 wore nsubj 2 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 carved carve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 masks amod 4 masks mask NOUN Number=Plur 2 wore obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 potlatch case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 potlatch det 7 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 2 wore obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past Dancers carved masks the potlatch vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent mask=Theme 2 carve participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The potlatch was banned in Canada for many years.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case amod obl punct root The DET potlatch NOUN was AUX banned VERB in ADP Canada PROPN for ADP many ADJ years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 potlatch det 2 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 4 banned nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 banned aux:pass 4 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 Canada case 6 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 4 banned obl 7 for for ADP _ 9 years case 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 years amod 9 years year NOUN Number=Plur 4 banned obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban past · passive the potlatch Canada year vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 Today, potlatches are an important part of Northwest Coast culture again.
compound punct nsubj cop det amod case compound compound nmod advmod punct root Today NOUN , PUNCT potlatches NOUN are AUX an DET important ADJ part NOUN of ADP Northwest PROPN Coast PROPN culture NOUN again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Today today NOUN Number=Sing 3 potlatches compound 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Today punct 3 potlatches potlatch NOUN Number=Plur 7 part nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 part cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 part det 6 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 7 part amod 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 11 culture case 9 Northwest Northwest PROPN Number=Sing 10 Coast compound 10 Coast Coast PROPN Number=Sing 11 culture compound 11 culture culture NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 12 again again ADV _ 7 part advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Today potlatches a important part again of Coast culture tree rules
Example 6 We learned about the potlatch in our First Nations unit.
nsubj case det obl case nmod:poss amod compound obl punct root We PRON learned VERB about ADP the DET potlatch NOUN in ADP our PRON First ADJ Nations PROPN unit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 potlatch case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 potlatch det 5 potlatch potlatch NOUN Number=Sing 2 learned obl 6 in in ADP _ 10 unit case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 unit nmod:poss 8 First first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 9 Nations amod 9 Nations Nation PROPN Number=Plur 10 unit compound 10 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing 2 learned obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We our Nations unit about the potlatch vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about potlatch=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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