preach Who acts: religious talk, something, others, vicar, Jesus, Mum · What happens: give, call, tell, be, do, preach · To what, where: religious talk, people, church, sermon, others, it · Speech: someone speaks here
«preach» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: preach in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.
To give a religious talk, called a sermon, to people, usually in a church.
The tree, 14 words mark det amod obj punct acl det xcomp punct case obl punct advmod case det obl punct root To PART give VERB a DET religious ADJ talk NOUN , PUNCT called VERB a DET sermon NOUN , PUNCT to ADP people NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV in ADP a DET church NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 talk det 4 religious religious ADJ Degree=Pos 5 talk amod 5 talk talk NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 called punct 7 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 talk acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 sermon det 9 sermon sermon NOUN Number=Sing 7 called xcomp 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 people punct 11 to to ADP _ 12 people case 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 2 give obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 church punct 14 usually usually ADV _ 17 church advmod 15 in in ADP _ 17 church case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 church det 17 church church NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive a religious talk people a church vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent talk=Theme to people=Recipient 2 call participle a religious talk not said here a sermon vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To tell others strongly that something is right and that they should do it: «preach kindness».
The tree, 16 words mark obj advmod mark nsubj cop ccomp cc mark nsubj aux conj obj punct punct ccomp obj punct punct root To PART tell VERB others NOUN strongly ADV that SCONJ something PRON is AUX right ADJ and CCONJ that SCONJ they PRON should AUX do VERB it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT preach VERB kindness NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 tell mark 2 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 others other NOUN Number=Plur 2 tell obj 4 strongly strongly ADV _ 2 tell advmod 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 right mark 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 right nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 right cop 8 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 2 tell ccomp 9 and and CCONJ _ 13 do cc 10 that that SCONJ _ 13 do mark 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 do nsubj 12 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 do aux 13 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 right conj 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 do obj 15 : : PUNCT _ 17 preach punct 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 preach punct 17 preach preach VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 tell ccomp 18 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 17 preach obj 19 » » PUNCT _ 17 preach punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert to-infinitive others strongly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent other=Recipient clause=Topic 2 is present something right property tree rules 3 do should others = other it vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality 4 preach speech: other in a quote infinitive kindness vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kindness=Topic
Meaning 3 Usage: informal, disapproving — kept apart, not parsed.
To give advice or tell people what is right in an annoying, bossy way: «Stop preaching at me!».
The tree, 18 words mark obj cc conj iobj nsubj cop ccomp case det amod punct amod obl punct punct conj xcomp case obl punct punct punct root To PART give VERB advice NOUN or CCONJ tell VERB people NOUN what PRON is AUX right ADJ in ADP an DET annoying ADJ , PUNCT bossy ADJ way NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Stop VERB preaching VERB at ADP me PRON ! PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 advice advice NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 tell cc 5 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 give conj 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 tell iobj 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 9 right nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 right cop 9 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tell ccomp 10 in in ADP _ 15 way case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 way det 12 annoying annoying ADJ Degree=Pos 15 way amod 13 , , PUNCT _ 12 annoying punct 14 bossy bossy ADJ Degree=Pos 15 way amod 15 way way NOUN Number=Sing 9 right obl 16 : : PUNCT _ 18 Stop punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 18 Stop punct 18 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 give conj 19 preaching preach VERB VerbForm=Ger 18 Stop xcomp 20 at at ADP _ 21 me case 21 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 19 preaching obl 22 ! ! PUNCT _ 18 Stop punct 23 » » PUNCT _ 18 Stop punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive advice vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme 2 tell speech: assert infinitive people vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient 3 is present a annoying bossy way right property tree rules 4 stop in a quote infinitive vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 5 preach speech: other in a quote gerund at me vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The vicar preached about forgiveness on Sunday.
det nsubj case obl case obl punct root The DET vicar NOUN preached VERB about ADP forgiveness NOUN on ADP Sunday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 vicar det 2 vicar vicar NOUN Number=Sing 3 preached nsubj 3 preached preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADP _ 5 forgiveness case 5 forgiveness forgiveness NOUN Number=Sing 3 preached obl 6 on on ADP _ 7 Sunday case 7 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 3 preached obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 preached punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preach speech: other past the vicar sunday about forgiveness vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about forgiveness=Topic
Example 2 Jesus preached to crowds by the lake.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root Jesus PROPN preached VERB to ADP crowds NOUN by ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jesus Jesus PROPN Number=Sing 2 preached nsubj 2 preached preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 4 crowds case 4 crowds crowd NOUN Number=Plur 2 preached obl 5 by by ADP _ 7 lake case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lake det 7 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 preached obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 preached punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preach speech: other past Jesus crowds by the lake vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to crowd=Recipient
Example 3 Mum always says we should practise what we preach.
nsubj advmod nsubj aux ccomp obj nsubj ccomp punct root Mum NOUN always ADV says VERB we PRON should AUX practise VERB what PRON we PRON preach VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 2 always always ADV PronType=Tot 3 says advmod 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 practise nsubj 5 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 practise aux 6 practise practise VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 says ccomp 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 9 preach obj 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 preach nsubj 9 preach preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 practise ccomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Mum always property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 practise should we tree rules 3 preach speech: other present we vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
Example 4 Don't preach at me, I know I made a mistake.
aux advmod case obl punct nsubj parataxis nsubj ccomp det obj punct root Do AUX n't PART preach VERB at ADP me PRON , PUNCT I PRON know VERB I PRON made VERB a DET mistake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 preach aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 preach advmod 3 preach preach VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 me case 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 preach obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 know punct 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 know nsubj 8 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 preach parataxis 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 made nsubj 10 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 know ccomp 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 mistake det 12 mistake mistake NOUN Number=Sing 10 made obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 preach punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not preach speech: other imperative · do-support you not said here at me vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 know present I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 make past I a mistake vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product
Example 5 The coach preaches teamwork every training session.
det nsubj obj det compound obj punct root The DET coach NOUN preaches VERB teamwork NOUN every DET training NOUN session NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coach det 2 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 3 preaches nsubj 3 preaches preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 teamwork teamwork NOUN Number=Sing 3 preaches obj 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 session det 6 training training NOUN Number=Sing 7 session compound 7 session session NOUN Number=Sing 3 preaches obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 preaches punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preach speech: other present the coach teamwork tree rules
Example 6 John the Baptist preached in the desert.
nsubj det flat case det obl punct root John PROPN the DET Baptist PROPN preached VERB in ADP the DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 John John PROPN Number=Sing 4 preached nsubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Baptist det 3 Baptist Baptist PROPN Number=Sing 1 John flat 4 preached preach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 desert case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 desert det 7 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 4 preached obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 preached punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preach speech: other past John the desert vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 Telling our class to recycle was preaching to the converted.
csubj nmod:poss obj mark xcomp aux case det obl punct root Telling VERB our PRON class NOUN to PART recycle VERB was AUX preaching VERB to ADP the DET converted ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 preaching csubj 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 class nmod:poss 3 class class NOUN Number=Sing 1 Telling obj 4 to to PART _ 5 recycle mark 5 recycle recycle VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Telling xcomp 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 preaching aux 7 preaching preach VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 8 to to ADP _ 10 converted case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 converted det 10 converted converted ADJ Degree=Pos 7 preaching obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 preaching punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert gerund our class vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent class=Recipient clause=Topic 2 recycle not said to happen to-infinitive our class not said here tree rules 3 preach speech: other past · progressive Telling the converted vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to converted=Recipient
Example 8 They were going to hear the clergyman preach.
nsubj aux mark xcomp det obj xcomp punct root They PRON were AUX going VERB to PART hear VERB the DET clergyman NOUN preach VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 going nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 going aux 3 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 5 hear mark 5 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 going xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 clergyman det 7 clergyman clergyman NOUN Number=Sing 5 hear obj 8 preach preach VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hear xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 going punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past · progressive They vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 hear to-infinitive They not said here the clergyman tree rules 3 preach speech: other infinitive the clergyman not said here vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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