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preceding

Who acts: you, number, your, she, days, flash · What happens: come, precede, go, happen, look, be · To what, where: something, front, preceding page, 100, 99, answer

«preceding» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: preceding in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Coming just before something in time, order or position (the preceding page, the preceding year).

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	just	just	ADV	_	4 something	advmod
3	before	before	ADP	_	4 something	case
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Coming	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 time	case
6	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 something	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 order	punct
8	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 something	nmod
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 position	cc
10	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 order	conj
11	(	(	PUNCT	_	14 page	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 page	det
13	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 page	amod
14	page	page	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 position	appos
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 year	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 year	det
17	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 year	amod
18	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 page	nmod
19	)	)	PUNCT	_	14 page	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Coming	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	gerund				something			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before something=Location
2	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
3	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Going in front of or happening before something else.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 front	case
3	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Going	obl
4	of	of	ADP	_	3 front	case
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 happening	cc
6	happening	happen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Going	conj
7	before	before	ADP	_	8 something	case
8	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 happening	obl
9	else	else	ADV	_	8 something	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Going	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	gerund				front			vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in front=Location
2	happen	gerund				something			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before something=Location

Example 1

Look at the preceding page for the answer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	at	at	ADP	_	5 page	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 page	det
4	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 page	amod
5	page	page	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Look	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 answer	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 answer	det
8	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Look	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	imperative	you not said here			the preceding page		for the answer	vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent at page=Location for answer=Theme
2	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Example 2

The number preceding 100 is 99.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 number	det
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 99	nsubj
3	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 number	acl
4	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 preceding	obj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 99	cop
6	99	99	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 99	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	precede	gerund	the number not said here	100					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 100=Co-Theme
2	is a	present	the number	99					tree rules

Example 3

Use your answer from the preceding question.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 answer	nmod:poss
3	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Use	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	7 question	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 question	det
6	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 question	amod
7	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Use	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	imperative	you not said here	your answer		the preceding question			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Patient
2	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
3	answer		your						nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 4

In the preceding weeks, she practised every day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 weeks	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 weeks	det
3	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 weeks	amod
4	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 practised	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 weeks	punct
6	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 practised	nsubj
7	practised	practise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 practised	obl:unmarked
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 practised	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	practise	past	she				day; week		tree rules

Example 5

The days preceding the holiday were busy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 days	det
2	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 busy	nsubj
3	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 days	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 holiday	det
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 preceding	obj
6	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 busy	cop
7	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 busy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	precede	gerund	the days not said here	the holiday					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme holiday=Co-Theme
2	is	past	the days					busy property	tree rules

Example 6

A flash of lightning comes in the seconds preceding the thunder.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 flash	det
2	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 comes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 lightning	case
4	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flash	nmod
5	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 seconds	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 seconds	det
8	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 comes	obl
9	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 seconds	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 thunder	det
11	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 preceding	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 comes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	a flash of lightning				second		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	precede	gerund	the seconds not said here	the thunder					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thunder=Co-Theme
3	flash		lightning						nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent

Example 7

The evening passed pleasantly like the one preceding.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 evening	det
2	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 passed	nsubj
3	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	pleasantly	pleasantly	ADV	_	3 passed	advmod
5	like	like	ADP	_	7 one	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 one	det
7	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 passed	obl
8	preceding	precede	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 one	acl:relcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 passed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	past	the evening					like the one; pleasantly property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	precede	gerund	the one not said here						vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/preceding/