promulgated Who acts: you, emperor, students, Rumours, council · What happens: make, announce, promulgate, spread, not be · To what, where: new law, rule, idea, ideas, books, new set · Speech: someone speaks here
«promulgated» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: promulgated in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal, law — kept apart, not parsed.
Made a new law or rule official by announcing it publicly: «The new law was promulgated in May.».
The tree, 18 words det amod obj cc conj amod mark advcl obj advmod punct punct det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case obl punct punct punct root Made VERB a DET new ADJ law NOUN or CCONJ rule NOUN official ADJ by SCONJ announcing VERB it PRON publicly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET new ADJ law NOUN was AUX promulgated VERB in ADP May PROPN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 law det 3 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 4 law amod 4 law law NOUN Number=Sing 1 Made obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 rule cc 6 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 4 law conj 7 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 6 rule amod 8 by by SCONJ _ 9 announcing mark 9 announcing announce VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 official advcl 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 announcing obj 11 publicly publicly ADV _ 9 announcing advmod 12 : : PUNCT _ 18 promulgated punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 18 promulgated punct 14 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 law det 15 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 16 law amod 16 law law NOUN Number=Sing 18 promulgated nsubj:pass 17 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 promulgated aux:pass 18 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Made conj 19 in in ADP _ 20 May case 20 May May PROPN Number=Sing 18 promulgated obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 1 Made punct 22 » » PUNCT _ 1 Made punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 1 Made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past a new law or rule vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset law=Product 2 announce speech: other gerund rule publicly property vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 3 promulgate speech: other in a quote past · passive the new law may vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Spread an idea or belief widely among people: «The ideas were promulgated through books and sermons.».
The tree, 16 words det obj cc conj advmod case obl punct punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis case obl cc conj punct punct punct root Spread VERB an DET idea NOUN or CCONJ belief NOUN widely ADV among ADP people NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET ideas NOUN were AUX promulgated VERB through ADP books NOUN and CCONJ sermons NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spread spread VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 idea det 3 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 1 Spread obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 belief cc 5 belief belief NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea conj 6 widely widely ADV _ 1 Spread advmod 7 among among ADP _ 8 people case 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Spread obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 14 promulgated punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 14 promulgated punct 11 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 ideas det 12 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 14 promulgated nsubj:pass 13 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 promulgated aux:pass 14 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Spread parataxis 15 through through ADP _ 16 books case 16 books book NOUN Number=Plur 14 promulgated obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 sermons cc 18 sermons sermon NOUN Number=Plur 16 books conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 14 promulgated punct 20 » » PUNCT _ 14 promulgated punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 1 Spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread imperative you not said here a idea or belief among people; widely property tree rules 2 promulgate speech: other in a quote past · passive the ideas books and sermons vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
Example 1 The emperor promulgated a new set of laws.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root The DET emperor NOUN promulgated VERB a DET new ADJ set NOUN of ADP laws NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 emperor det 2 emperor emperor NOUN Number=Sing 3 promulgated nsubj 3 promulgated promulgate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 set det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 set amod 6 set set NOUN Number=Sing 3 promulgated obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 laws case 8 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 6 set nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 promulgated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other past the emperor a new set of laws vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent set=Topic
Example 2 The rules were promulgated on the school website.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound obl punct root The DET rules NOUN were AUX promulgated VERB on ADP the DET school NOUN website NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rules det 2 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 promulgated nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 promulgated aux:pass 4 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 8 website case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 website det 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 website compound 8 website website NOUN Number=Sing 4 promulgated obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 promulgated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other past · passive the rules the school website vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
Example 3 His ideas were promulgated by his students.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case nmod:poss obl:agent punct root His PRON ideas NOUN were AUX promulgated VERB by ADP his PRON students NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 ideas nmod:poss 2 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 4 promulgated nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 promulgated aux:pass 4 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 7 students case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 students nmod:poss 7 students student NOUN Number=Plur 4 promulgated obl:agent 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 promulgated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other past · passive his students His ideas vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
Example 4 The constitution was promulgated after the war.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET constitution NOUN was AUX promulgated VERB after ADP the DET war NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 constitution det 2 constitution constitution NOUN Number=Sing 4 promulgated nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 promulgated aux:pass 4 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 after after ADP _ 7 war case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 war det 7 war war NOUN Number=Sing 4 promulgated obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 promulgated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other past · passive the constitution after the war vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
Example 5 Rumours promulgated online are not always true.
nsubj acl advmod cop advmod advmod punct root Rumours NOUN promulgated VERB online ADV are AUX not PART always ADV true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rumours rumour NOUN Number=Plur 7 true nsubj 2 promulgated promulgate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Rumours acl 3 online online ADV _ 2 promulgated advmod 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 true cop 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 true advmod 6 always always ADV PronType=Tot 7 true advmod 7 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other participle Rumours not said here online property vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent 2 not is present Rumours always, true property tree rules
Example 6 The council promulgated a ban on fireworks in the park.
det nsubj det obj case obl case det obl punct root The DET council NOUN promulgated VERB a DET ban NOUN on ADP fireworks NOUN in ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 council det 2 council council NOUN Number=Sing 3 promulgated nsubj 3 promulgated promulgate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ban det 5 ban ban NOUN Number=Sing 3 promulgated obj 6 on on ADP _ 7 fireworks case 7 fireworks firework NOUN Number=Plur 3 promulgated obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 park case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 park det 10 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 promulgated obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 promulgated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promulgate speech: other past the council a ban fireworks in the park vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ban=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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