proven Who acts: court verdict, enough evidence, It, Earth, This, She · What happens: show, be, test, know, prove, not prove · To what, where: court verdict, proven fact, proven way, spellings, rule, Nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
«proven» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: proven in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Shown to be true by facts or evidence.
mark cop xcomp case parataxis cc conj punct root Shown VERB to PART be AUX true ADJ by ADP facts NOUN or CCONJ evidence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shown show VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 to to PART _ 4 true mark 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 true cop 4 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Shown xcomp 5 by by ADP _ 6 facts case 6 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 4 true parataxis 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 evidence cc 8 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing 6 facts conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show participle vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is to-infinitive true property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Tested and known to work: a proven method.
advcl cc conj case obl punct det amod punct root Tested VERB and CCONJ known VERB to ADP work NOUN : PUNCT a DET proven VERB method NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tested test VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 method advcl 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 known cc 3 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Tested conj 4 to to ADP _ 5 work case 5 work work NOUN Number=Sing 3 known obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 method punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 method det 8 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 method amod 9 method method NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 method punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test participle vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 know participle to work vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 prove participle vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: law, Scotland — kept apart, not parsed.
«Not proven» is a court verdict meaning there was not enough evidence.
The tree, 12 words punct advmod csubj punct cop det compound acl expl ccomp advmod amod nsubj punct root « PUNCT Not PART proven VERB » PUNCT is AUX a DET court NOUN verdict NOUN meaning VERB there PRON was VERB not PART enough ADJ evidence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 proven punct 2 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 proven advmod 3 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 verdict csubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 proven punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 verdict cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 verdict det 7 court court NOUN Number=Sing 8 verdict compound 8 verdict verdict NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 meaning mean VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 verdict acl 10 there there PRON PronType=Dem 11 was expl 11 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 meaning ccomp 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 was advmod 13 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 14 evidence amod 14 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing 11 was nsubj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 verdict punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not prove in a quote participle vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a court verdict tree rules 3 mean gerund a court verdict not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 not be past enough evidence there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 It is a proven fact that the Earth goes round the Sun.
nsubj cop det amod mark det nsubj acl case det obl root It PRON is AUX a DET proven VERB fact NOUN that SCONJ the DET Earth PROPN goes VERB round ADP the DET Sun. PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 fact nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fact cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fact det 4 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 fact amod 5 fact fact NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that SCONJ _ 9 goes mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Earth det 8 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 9 goes nsubj 9 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fact acl 10 round round ADP _ 12 Sun. case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 Sun. det 12 Sun. Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 9 goes obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove participle vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is a present It a proven fact tree rules 3 go present the Earth a proven fact not said here sunday vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fact=Theme
Example 2 This is a proven way to learn spellings.
nsubj cop det amod mark acl obj punct root This PRON is AUX a DET proven VERB way NOUN to PART learn VERB spellings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 way nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 way cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 way det 4 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 way amod 5 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 7 learn mark 7 learn learn VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 way acl 8 spellings spelling NOUN Number=Plur 7 learn obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove participle vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is a present This a proven way tree rules 3 learn to-infinitive spellings vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Topic
Example 3 The rule has been proven for all whole numbers.
det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case det amod obl punct root The DET rule NOUN has AUX been AUX proven VERB for ADP all DET whole ADJ numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rule det 2 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 5 proven nsubj:pass 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 proven aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 proven aux:pass 5 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 9 numbers case 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 numbers det 8 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 9 numbers amod 9 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 5 proven obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 proven punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove present · perfect · passive the rule for all whole numbers vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 4 Nothing has been proven yet.
nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advmod punct root Nothing PRON has AUX been AUX proven VERB yet ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 proven nsubj:pass 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 proven aux 3 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 4 proven aux:pass 4 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 yet yet ADV _ 4 proven advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 proven punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove present · perfect · passive Nothing yet vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 She is a proven winner.
nsubj cop det amod punct root She PRON is AUX a DET proven VERB winner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 winner nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 winner cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 winner det 4 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 winner amod 5 winner winner NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 winner punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove participle vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is a present She a proven winner tree rules
Example 6 The advert says it is clinically proven.
det nsubj nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod ccomp punct root The DET advert NOUN says VERB it PRON is AUX clinically ADV proven VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 advert det 2 advert advert NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 proven nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 proven aux:pass 6 clinically clinically ADV _ 7 proven advmod 7 proven prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 says ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the advert vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 prove present · passive advert clinically property vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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