prune Who acts: prune, bush, you, Grandpa, We, fingers · What happens: dry, be, eat, cook, prune, grow · To what, where: dried plum, tree, something, parts, prunes, apple tree
«prune» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: prune in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A prune is a dried plum, dark and wrinkly, eaten as a snack or cooked.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod cc conj punct parataxis case det obl cc conj punct root A DET prune NOUN is AUX a DET dried VERB plum NOUN , PUNCT dark ADJ and CCONJ wrinkly ADJ , PUNCT eaten VERB as ADP a DET snack NOUN or CCONJ cooked VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 prune det 2 prune prune NOUN Number=Sing 6 plum nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 plum cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 plum det 5 dried dry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 plum amod 6 plum plum NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 dark punct 8 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 6 plum amod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 wrinkly cc 10 wrinkly wrinkly ADJ Degree=Pos 8 dark conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 eaten punct 12 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 plum parataxis 13 as as ADP _ 15 snack case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 snack det 15 snack snack NOUN Number=Sing 12 eaten obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 cooked cc 17 cooked cook VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 eaten conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 plum punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dry participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is a present a prune a dried plum tree rules 3 eat participle as a snack vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 cook participle vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To prune a tree or bush is to cut off some branches so it grows better.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl det obj cc conj cop mark compound:prt det obj advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root To PART prune VERB a DET tree NOUN or CCONJ bush NOUN is AUX to PART cut VERB off ADP some DET branches NOUN so ADV it PRON grows VERB better ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 prune mark 2 prune prune VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 cut advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 tree det 4 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 prune obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 bush cc 6 bush bush NOUN Number=Sing 4 tree conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 cut cop 8 to to PART _ 9 cut mark 9 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 off off ADP _ 9 cut compound:prt 11 some some DET PronType=Ind 12 branches det 12 branches branch NOUN Number=Plur 9 cut obj 13 so so ADV _ 15 grows advmod 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 grows nsubj 15 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 cut advcl 16 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 15 grows xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prune to-infinitive a tree or bush vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient 2 is present cut property tree rules 3 grow present bush good property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To prune something is to cut out parts you do not need, such as words in a story.
The tree, 18 words mark advcl obj cop mark compound:prt obj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl punct case fixed conj case det nmod punct root To PART prune VERB something PRON is AUX to PART cut VERB out ADP parts NOUN you PRON do AUX not PART need VERB , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP words NOUN in ADP a DET story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 prune mark 2 prune prune VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cut advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 prune obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cut cop 5 to to PART _ 6 cut mark 6 cut cut VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 out out ADP _ 6 cut compound:prt 8 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 6 cut obj 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 need nsubj 10 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 need aux 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 need advmod 12 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 parts acl:relcl 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 words punct 14 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 16 words case 15 as as ADP _ 14 such fixed 16 words word NOUN Number=Plur 8 parts conj 17 in in ADP _ 19 story case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 story det 19 story story NOUN Number=Sing 16 words nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prune to-infinitive something vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 is present cut property tree rules 3 not need present · do-support you parts and words in a story not said here vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot part=Theme
Example 1 Grandpa likes prunes with his breakfast.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Grandpa NOUN likes VERB prunes NOUN with ADP his PRON breakfast NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa grandpa NOUN Number=Sing 2 likes nsubj 2 likes like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 prunes prune NOUN Number=Plur 2 likes obj 4 with with ADP _ 6 breakfast case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 breakfast nmod:poss 6 breakfast breakfast NOUN Number=Sing 2 likes obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 likes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like present Grandpa prunes with Grandpa's breakfast vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot prune=Theme
Example 2 We pruned the apple tree in winter.
nsubj det compound obj case obl punct root We PRON pruned VERB the DET apple NOUN tree NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 pruned nsubj 2 pruned prune VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tree det 4 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 5 tree compound 5 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 pruned obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 winter case 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 pruned obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 pruned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prune past We the apple tree winter vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient
Example 3 Prunes are dried plums.
nsubj:pass aux:pass obj punct root Prunes NOUN are AUX dried VERB plums NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Prunes prune NOUN Number=Plur 3 dried nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 dried aux:pass 3 dried dry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 plums plum NOUN Number=Plur 3 dried obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 dried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dry present · passive Prunes tree rules
Example 4 After the bath my fingers looked like prunes.
case det obl nmod:poss nsubj case obl punct root After ADP the DET bath NOUN my PRON fingers NOUN looked VERB like ADP prunes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 bath case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bath det 3 bath bath NOUN Number=Sing 6 looked obl 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 fingers nmod:poss 5 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 6 looked nsubj 6 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 like like ADP _ 8 prunes case 8 prunes prune NOUN Number=Plur 6 looked obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past my fingers after the bath like prunes vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 5 Prune your story so it is not too long.
compound nmod:poss mark nsubj cop advmod advmod amod punct root Prune NOUN your PRON story NOUN so SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART too ADV long ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Prune prune NOUN Number=Sing 3 story compound 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 story nmod:poss 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 so so SCONJ _ 9 long mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 long nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 long cop 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 long advmod 8 too too ADV _ 9 long advmod 9 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 3 story amod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 story punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present story long property tree rules
Example 6 Dad pruned the hedge with shears.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Dad NOUN pruned VERB the DET hedge NOUN with ADP shears NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 pruned nsubj 2 pruned prune VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 hedge det 4 hedge hedge NOUN Number=Sing 2 pruned obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 shears case 6 shears shear NOUN Number=Plur 2 pruned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 pruned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prune past Dad the hedge with shears vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hedge=Patient with shear=Instrument
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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