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ptarmigan

Who acts: ptarmigan, grouse family, feathers, We, feathery feet · What happens: be, live, turn, spot, work, hide · To what, where: plump bird, cold mountains, ptarmigan, brown speckled feathers

«ptarmigan» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ptarmigan in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A ptarmigan is a plump bird of the grouse family that lives in cold mountains and the Arctic; its feathers turn white in winter for camouflage and brown in summer.

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ptarmigan	det
2	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bird	det
5	plump	plump	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bird	amod
6	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 family	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 family	det
9	grouse	grouse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 family	amod
10	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nmod
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 lives	nsubj
12	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 family	acl:relcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 mountains	case
14	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 mountains	amod
15	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 lives	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 Arctic	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Arctic	det
18	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 mountains	conj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 turn	punct
20	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 feathers	nmod:poss
21	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 turn	nsubj
22	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	conj
23	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 turn	xcomp
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 winter	case
25	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 turn	obl
26	for	for	ADP	_	27 camouflage	case
27	camouflage	camouflage	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 turn	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 brown	cc
29	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 camouflage	conj
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 summer	case
31	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 brown	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bird	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a ptarmigan	a plump bird				of the grouse family	tree rules
2	live	present	the grouse family			cold mountains and the Arctic			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location
3	turn	present	ptarmigan's feathers				winter	for camouflage; white property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

The ptarmigan turns white in winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ptarmigan	det
2	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	nsubj
3	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 turns	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 winter	case
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 turns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	the ptarmigan				winter	white property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

We spotted a ptarmigan in the Scottish mountains.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 spotted	nsubj
2	spotted	spot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 ptarmigan	det
4	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spotted	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 mountains	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mountains	det
7	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mountains	amod
8	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spotted	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spotted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spot	past	We	a ptarmigan				in the Scottish mountains	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ptarmigan=Destination in mountain=Theme

Example 3

A ptarmigan's feathery feet work like snowshoes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ptarmigan	det
2	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 feet	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 ptarmigan	case
4	feathery	feathery	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 feet	amod
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	nsubj
6	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 snowshoes	case
8	snowshoes	snowshoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	a ptarmigan's feathery feet					like snowshoes	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 4

Ptarmigan hide from foxes by staying very still.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hide	nsubj
2	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 foxes	case
4	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hide	obl
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 staying	mark
6	staying	stay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 hide	advcl
7	very	very	ADV	_	8 still	advmod
8	still	still	ADV	_	6 staying	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hide	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present	Ptarmigan					from foxes	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from fox=Beneficiary
2	stay	gerund	Ptarmigan not said here				still		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

In summer the ptarmigan has brown speckled feathers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 summer	case
2	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ptarmigan	det
4	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	nsubj
5	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 feathers	amod
7	speckled	speckle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 feathers	amod
8	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 has	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the ptarmigan	brown speckled feathers			summer		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
2	speckle	participle							vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Example 6

The ptarmigan nests on the ground.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 nests	det
2	ptarmigan	ptarmigan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 nests	compound
3	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 ground	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 nests	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 nests	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/ptarmigan/