public Who acts: Public, public library, We, you, museum, She · What happens: mean, use, see, do, run, pay for · To what, where: ordinary people, front, public school, public transport, city, nose
«public» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: public in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Public means for everyone to use or see, not private: a public park, a public toilet.
The tree, 16 words nsubj case obl mark acl cc conj punct advmod ccomp punct det amod parataxis punct det amod conj punct root Public ADJ means VERB for ADP everyone PRON to PART use VERB or CCONJ see VERB , PUNCT not PART private ADJ : PUNCT a DET public ADJ park NOUN , PUNCT a DET public ADJ toilet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Public public ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 4 everyone case 4 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 2 means obl 5 to to PART _ 6 use mark 6 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 everyone acl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 see cc 8 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 use conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 private punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 private advmod 11 private private ADJ Degree=Pos 8 see ccomp 12 : : PUNCT _ 15 park punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 park det 14 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 15 park amod 15 park park NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 toilet punct 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 toilet det 18 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 19 toilet amod 19 toilet toilet NOUN Number=Sing 15 park conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Public for everyone vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for everyone=Attribute 2 use to-infinitive Public not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 see infinitive Public not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The public means ordinary people in general.
det nsubj amod obj case nmod punct root The DET public NOUN means VERB ordinary ADJ people NOUN in ADP general ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 public det 2 public public NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 5 people amod 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 means obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 general case 7 general general ADJ Degree=Pos 5 people nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the public ordinary people in general vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot people=Theme in general=Attribute
Meaning 3 Public means done in front of other people: public speaking.
nsubj xcomp case obl case amod nmod punct amod conj punct root Public ADJ means VERB done VERB in ADP front NOUN of ADP other ADJ people NOUN : PUNCT public ADJ speaking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Public public ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 5 front case 5 front front NOUN Number=Sing 3 done obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 people case 7 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 8 people amod 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 front nmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 speaking punct 10 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 11 speaking amod 11 speaking speaking NOUN Number=Sing 8 people conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Public vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen participle Public not said here front of other people and public speaking vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Public can mean run or paid for by the government: a public school, public transport.
The tree, 15 words nsubj aux xcomp cc conj compound:prt case det obl:agent punct det amod obl punct amod conj punct root Public NOUN can AUX mean VERB run VERB or CCONJ paid VERB for ADP by ADP the DET government NOUN : PUNCT a DET public ADJ school NOUN , PUNCT public ADJ transport NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Public public NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 mean xcomp 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 paid cc 6 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 run conj 7 for for ADP _ 6 paid compound:prt 8 by by ADP _ 10 government case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 government det 10 government government NOUN Number=Sing 6 paid obl:agent 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 school punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 school det 13 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 14 school amod 14 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 transport punct 16 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 17 transport amod 17 transport transport NOUN Number=Sing 14 school conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Public a public school and public transport vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 run not said to happen infinitive Public not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 pay for participle Public not said here vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The public library is free for everyone.
det amod nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET public ADJ library NOUN is AUX free ADJ for ADP everyone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 library det 2 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 3 library amod 3 library library NOUN Number=Sing 5 free nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 free cop 5 free free ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 everyone case 7 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 5 free obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 free punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the public library for everyone; free property tree rules
Example 2 We took public transport to the city.
nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON took VERB public ADJ transport NOUN to ADP the DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 4 transport amod 4 transport transport NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 city case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 city det 7 city city NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past We public transport the city vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent transport=Theme to city=Destination
Example 3 Do not pick your nose in public!
aux advmod nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Do AUX not PART pick VERB your PRON nose NOUN in ADP public ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 pick aux 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 pick advmod 3 pick pick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 nose nmod:poss 5 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 3 pick obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 public case 7 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pick obl 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 pick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pick imperative · do-support you not said here your nose public vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Patient
Example 4 The museum is open to the public on Sundays.
det nsubj cop case det obl case obl punct root The DET museum NOUN is AUX open ADJ to ADP the DET public NOUN on ADP Sundays PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 museum det 2 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 4 open nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 open cop 4 open open ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to ADP _ 7 public case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 public det 7 public public NOUN Number=Sing 4 open obl 8 on on ADP _ 9 Sundays case 9 Sundays Sunday PROPN Number=Plur 4 open obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 open punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the museum sunday to the public; open property tree rules
Example 5 Keep your passwords private, not public.
nmod:poss obj xcomp punct advmod parataxis punct root Keep VERB your PRON passwords NOUN private ADJ , PUNCT not PART public ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 passwords nmod:poss 3 passwords password NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 4 private private ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Keep xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 public punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 public advmod 7 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Keep parataxis 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here your passwords private property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent password=Theme
Example 6 She is shy about public speaking.
nsubj cop case amod obl punct root She PRON is AUX shy ADJ about ADP public ADJ speaking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 shy nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 shy cop 3 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 about about ADP _ 6 speaking case 5 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 6 speaking amod 6 speaking speaking NOUN Number=Sing 3 shy obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 shy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present She about public speaking; shy property tree rules
Example 7 Public toilets are near the car park.
amod nsubj cop case det compound punct root Public ADJ toilets NOUN are AUX near ADP the DET car NOUN park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Public public ADJ Degree=Pos 2 toilets amod 2 toilets toilet NOUN Number=Plur 7 park nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 park cop 4 near near ADP _ 7 park case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 park det 6 car car NOUN Number=Sing 7 park compound 7 park park NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 park punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Public toilets the car park tree rules
Example 8 The news was made public on TV.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp case obl punct root The DET news NOUN was AUX made VERB public ADJ on ADP TV NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 news det 2 news news NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 4 made xcomp 6 on on ADP _ 7 TV case 7 TV TV NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive the news TV public property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 9 He took an active part in public affairs.
nsubj det amod obj case amod obl punct root He PRON took VERB an DET active ADJ part NOUN in ADP public ADJ affairs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 part det 4 active active ADJ Degree=Pos 5 part amod 5 part part NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 affairs case 7 public public ADJ Degree=Pos 8 affairs amod 8 affairs affair NOUN Number=Plur 2 took obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past He a active part public affairs vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent part=Value in affair=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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