punish Who acts: someone, they, hot sun, teacher, parents, I · What happens: make, suffer, lose, do, learn, not do · To what, where: someone, something, it, plants, us, He · Speech: someone speaks here
«punish» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: punish in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To make someone suffer or lose something because they did something wrong, so they learn not to do it again.
The tree, 20 words mark obj xcomp cc conj obj mark nsubj advcl obj amod punct advmod nsubj conj advmod mark xcomp obj advmod punct root To PART make VERB someone PRON suffer VERB or CCONJ lose VERB something PRON because SCONJ they PRON did VERB something PRON wrong ADJ , PUNCT so ADV they PRON learn VERB not PART to PART do VERB it PRON again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 make xcomp 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 lose cc 6 lose lose VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 suffer conj 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 lose obj 8 because because SCONJ _ 10 did mark 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 did nsubj 10 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 lose advcl 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 did obj 12 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 11 something amod 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 learn punct 14 so so ADV _ 16 learn advmod 15 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 learn nsubj 16 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 make conj 17 not not PART Polarity=Neg 19 do advmod 18 to to PART _ 19 do mark 19 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 learn xcomp 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 do obj 21 again again ADV _ 19 do advmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 suffer infinitive someone not said here vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 lose infinitive someone not said here something vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 do past they something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 5 learn present they vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 6 not do to-infinitive they not said here it again vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To treat something roughly: «the hot sun punished the plants».
mark advcl obj advmod punct punct det amod nsubj det obj punct punct root To PART treat VERB something PRON roughly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET hot ADJ sun NOUN punished VERB the DET plants NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 treat mark 2 treat treat VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 punished advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 treat obj 4 roughly roughly ADV _ 2 treat advmod 5 : : PUNCT _ 2 treat punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 10 punished punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sun det 8 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sun amod 9 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 10 punished nsubj 10 punished punish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 plants det 12 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 10 punished obj 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 punished punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat to-infinitive the hot sun not said here something roughly property vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent something=Recipient 2 punish in a quote past the hot sun the plants vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient
Example 1 The teacher punished us for being rude.
det nsubj obj case cop obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN punished VERB us PRON for ADP being AUX rude ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 punished nsubj 3 punished punish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 punished obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 rude case 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 rude cop 7 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 3 punished obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past the teacher us vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Patient 2 is gerund rude property tree rules
Example 2 He was punished for cheating in the test.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case det obl punct root He PRON was AUX punished VERB for ADP cheating NOUN in ADP the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 punished nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 punished aux:pass 3 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 cheating case 5 cheating cheating NOUN Number=Sing 3 punished obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 test case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 test det 8 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 punished obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past · passive He the test for cheating vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for cheating=Theme
Example 3 My parents don't punish me if I tell the truth.
nmod:poss nsubj aux advmod obj mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root My PRON parents NOUN do AUX n't PART punish VERB me PRON if SCONJ I PRON tell VERB the DET truth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 parents nmod:poss 2 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 5 punish nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 punish aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 punish advmod 5 punish punish VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 punish obj 7 if if SCONJ _ 9 tell mark 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 tell nsubj 9 tell tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 punish advcl 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 truth det 11 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 9 tell obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 punish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not punish present · do-support My parents me vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient 2 tell speech: assert a condition, not said to happen present I the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient
Example 4 The thief was punished by the court.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET thief NOUN was AUX punished VERB by ADP the DET court NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 thief det 2 thief thief NOUN Number=Sing 4 punished nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 punished aux:pass 4 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 7 court case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 court det 7 court court NOUN Number=Sing 4 punished obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past · passive the court the thief vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
Example 5 In the story, the cruel king was punished.
case det obl punct det amod nsubj aux:pass punct root In ADP the DET story NOUN , PUNCT the DET cruel ADJ king NOUN was AUX punished VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 9 punished obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 story punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 king det 6 cruel cruel ADJ Degree=Pos 7 king amod 7 king king NOUN Number=Sing 9 punished nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 punished aux:pass 9 punished punish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 punished punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish past · passive the cruel king the story vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 6 It's not fair to punish the whole class for one person.
nsubj cop advmod mark csubj det amod obj case nummod obl punct root It PRON 's AUX not PART fair ADJ to PART punish VERB the DET whole ADJ class NOUN for ADP one NUM person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 fair nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fair cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 fair advmod 4 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 punish mark 6 punish punish VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 fair csubj 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 class det 8 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 9 class amod 9 class class NOUN Number=Sing 6 punish obj 10 for for ADP _ 12 person case 11 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 person nummod 12 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 punish obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 fair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present It fair property tree rules 2 punish to-infinitive the whole class for one person vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent class=Patient for person=Theme
Example 7 I could punish you now, but I’ll wait!
nsubj aux obj advmod punct cc nsubj aux conj punct root I PRON could AUX punish VERB you PRON now ADV , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON ’ll AUX wait VERB ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 punish nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 punish aux 3 punish punish VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 punish obj 5 now now ADV PronType=Dem 3 punish advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 wait punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 wait cc 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 wait nsubj 9 ’ll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 wait aux 10 wait wait VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 punish conj 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 punish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punish could I you now vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient 2 wait future I vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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