pygmy Who acts: peoples, people, pygmy hippo, pygmy seahorse, farm, pygmy marmoset · What happens: be, prefer, use, name, think, live · To what, where: names, peoples, person, forests, three cheeky pygmy goats, one · Speech: someone speaks here
«pygmy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pygmy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: of animals and plants — kept apart, not parsed.
A very small kind of a species, much smaller than its relatives, such as a pygmy hippo, pygmy goat or pygmy marmoset.
The tree, 22 words det advmod amod case det nmod punct advmod amod case nmod:poss obl punct case fixed det amod conj punct amod conj cc amod conj punct root A DET very ADV small ADJ kind NOUN of ADP a DET species NOUN , PUNCT much ADV smaller ADJ than ADP its PRON relatives NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET pygmy ADJ hippo NOUN , PUNCT pygmy ADJ goat NOUN or CCONJ pygmy ADJ marmoset NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 kind det 2 very very ADV _ 3 small advmod 3 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 4 kind amod 4 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 species case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 species det 7 species species NOUN Number=Sing 4 kind nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 smaller punct 9 much much ADV _ 10 smaller advmod 10 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 kind amod 11 than than ADP _ 13 relatives case 12 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 relatives nmod:poss 13 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur 10 smaller obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 19 hippo punct 15 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 19 hippo case 16 as as ADP _ 15 such fixed 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 hippo det 18 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 19 hippo amod 19 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 13 relatives conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 goat punct 21 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 22 goat amod 22 goat goat NOUN Number=Sing 13 relatives conj 23 or or CCONJ _ 25 marmoset cc 24 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 25 marmoset amod 25 marmoset marmoset NOUN Number=Sing 22 goat conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 4 kind punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Usage: often offensive — kept apart, not parsed.
An old word for members of some peoples in Central Africa who are short; today people prefer to use the names of the peoples themselves, such as the Mbuti or Baka.
The tree, 31 words det amod case nmod case det nmod case flat nmod nsubj cop acl:relcl punct obl:unmarked nsubj parataxis mark xcomp det obj case det nmod nmod punct case fixed det nmod cc conj punct root An DET old ADJ word NOUN for ADP members NOUN of ADP some DET peoples NOUN in ADP Central PROPN Africa PROPN who PRON are AUX short ADJ ; PUNCT today NOUN people NOUN prefer VERB to PART use VERB the DET names NOUN of ADP the DET peoples NOUN themselves PRON , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP the DET Mbuti PROPN or CCONJ Baka PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 word det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 word amod 3 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 members case 5 members member NOUN Number=Plur 3 word nmod 6 of of ADP _ 8 peoples case 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 peoples det 8 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 5 members nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 Africa case 10 Central Central PROPN Number=Sing 11 Africa flat 11 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 8 peoples nmod 12 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 short nsubj 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 short cop 14 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 8 peoples acl:relcl 15 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 prefer punct 16 today today NOUN Number=Sing 18 prefer obl:unmarked 17 people people NOUN Number=Plur 18 prefer nsubj 18 prefer prefer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 word parataxis 19 to to PART _ 20 use mark 20 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 prefer xcomp 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 names det 22 names name NOUN Number=Plur 20 use obj 23 of of ADP _ 25 peoples case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 peoples det 25 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 22 names nmod 26 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 25 peoples nmod 27 , , PUNCT _ 31 Mbuti punct 28 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 31 Mbuti case 29 as as ADP _ 28 such fixed 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 Mbuti det 31 Mbuti Mbuti PROPN Number=Sing 22 names nmod 32 or or CCONJ _ 33 Baka cc 33 Baka Baka PROPN Number=Sing 31 Mbuti conj 34 . . PUNCT _ 3 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present some peoples in Central Africa short property tree rules 2 prefer present people today vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 use not said to happen to-infinitive people not said here the names of the peoples peoples such the Mbuti or Baka vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient 4 name the peoples peoples such the Mbuti or Baka nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient such=obl
Meaning 3 Usage: informal, insulting — kept apart, not parsed.
A person thought to be unimportant.
det acl mark cop xcomp punct root A DET person NOUN thought VERB to PART be AUX unimportant ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 thought think VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 person acl 4 to to PART _ 6 unimportant mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 unimportant cop 6 unimportant unimportant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 thought xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other participle a person not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is to-infinitive unimportant property tree rules
Example 1 The pygmy hippo lives in the forests of West Africa.
det amod nsubj case det obl case compound nmod punct root The DET pygmy ADJ hippo NOUN lives VERB in ADP the DET forests NOUN of ADP West PROPN Africa PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 hippo det 2 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 hippo amod 3 hippo hippo NOUN Number=Sing 4 lives nsubj 4 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 forests case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 forests det 7 forests forest NOUN Number=Plur 4 lives obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 Africa case 9 West West PROPN Number=Sing 10 Africa compound 10 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 7 forests nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present the pygmy hippo the forests of West Africa vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location
Example 2 A pygmy seahorse is smaller than your fingernail.
det amod nsubj cop case nmod:poss obl punct root A DET pygmy ADJ seahorse NOUN is AUX smaller ADJ than ADP your PRON fingernail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 seahorse det 2 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 seahorse amod 3 seahorse seahorse NOUN Number=Sing 5 smaller nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 smaller cop 5 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 6 than than ADP _ 8 fingernail case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 fingernail nmod:poss 8 fingernail fingernail NOUN Number=Sing 5 smaller obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 smaller punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a pygmy seahorse than your fingernail; small property tree rules
Example 3 The farm had three cheeky pygmy goats.
det nsubj nummod amod amod obj punct root The DET farm NOUN had VERB three NUM cheeky ADJ pygmy ADJ goats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farm det 2 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 goats nummod 5 cheeky cheeky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 goats amod 6 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 goats amod 7 goats goat NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the farm three cheeky pygmy goats vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goat=Patient
Example 4 The pygmy marmoset is one of the smallest monkeys.
det amod nsubj cop case det amod nmod punct root The DET pygmy ADJ marmoset NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET smallest ADJ monkeys NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 marmoset det 2 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 marmoset amod 3 marmoset marmoset NOUN Number=Sing 5 one nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one cop 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 monkeys case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 monkeys det 8 smallest small ADJ Degree=Sup 9 monkeys amod 9 monkeys monkey NOUN Number=Plur 5 one nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the pygmy marmoset one of the smallest monkeys tree rules
Example 5 The pygmy possum sleeps through the cold winter in Australia.
det amod nsubj case det amod obl case nmod punct root The DET pygmy ADJ possum NOUN sleeps VERB through ADP the DET cold ADJ winter NOUN in ADP Australia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 possum det 2 pygmy pygmy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 possum amod 3 possum possum NOUN Number=Sing 4 sleeps nsubj 4 sleeps sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 through through ADP _ 8 winter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 winter det 7 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 8 winter amod 8 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 sleeps obl 9 in in ADP _ 10 Australia case 10 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 8 winter nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 sleeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep present the pygmy possum winter vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Our guide used the name Baka for the forest people instead of an old label.
The tree, 15 words nmod:poss nsubj det obj appos case det obl nmod case fixed det amod nmod punct root Our PRON guide NOUN used VERB the DET name NOUN Baka PROPN for ADP the DET forest NOUN people NOUN instead ADV of ADP an DET old ADJ label NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 guide nmod:poss 2 guide guide NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 name det 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 6 Baka Baka PROPN Number=Sing 5 name appos 7 for for ADP _ 9 forest case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 forest det 9 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obl 10 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 forest nmod 11 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 15 label case 12 of of ADP _ 11 instead fixed 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 label det 14 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 15 label amod 15 label label NOUN Number=Sing 10 people nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Our guide the name for the forest people instead a old label vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent name=Theme for forest=Eventuality
Example 7 "I am your enemy," answered the valiant Pygmy, in his mightiest squeak.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj cop nmod:poss nsubj punct punct det amod obj punct case nmod:poss amod conj punct root " PUNCT I PRON am AUX your PRON enemy NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT answered VERB the DET valiant ADJ Pygmy PROPN , PUNCT in ADP his PRON mightiest ADJ squeak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 enemy punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 enemy nsubj 3 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 enemy cop 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 enemy nmod:poss 5 enemy enemy NOUN Number=Sing 8 answered nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 enemy punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 enemy punct 8 answered answer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 Pygmy det 10 valiant valiant ADJ Degree=Pos 11 Pygmy amod 11 Pygmy Pygmy PROPN Number=Sing 8 answered obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 squeak punct 13 in in ADP _ 16 squeak case 14 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 squeak nmod:poss 15 mightiest mighty ADJ Degree=Sup 16 squeak amod 16 squeak squeak NOUN Number=Sing 8 answered conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 answered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present your enemy = enemy your enemy tree rules 2 answer speech: assert past your enemy the valiant Pygmy vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent pygmy=Eventuality 3 squeak enemy nom squeak «event intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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