quechua Who acts: Quechua, peoples, millions, Incas, word, Many children · What happens: be, speak, come, learn, grow, say · To what, where: family, languages, Peru, peoples, main language, Quechua · Speech: someone speaks here
«quechua» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: quechua in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Quechua is a family of languages spoken by millions of Indigenous people in the Andes mountains of South America, mostly in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
The tree, 25 words nsubj cop det case nmod acl case obl:agent case amod nmod case det compound nmod case compound nmod punct advmod case obl punct conj cc conj punct root Quechua PROPN is AUX a DET family NOUN of ADP languages NOUN spoken VERB by ADP millions NOUN of ADP Indigenous ADJ people NOUN in ADP the DET Andes PROPN mountains NOUN of ADP South PROPN America PROPN , PUNCT mostly ADV in ADP Peru PROPN , PUNCT Bolivia PROPN and CCONJ Ecuador PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 4 family nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 family cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 family det 4 family family NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 languages case 6 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 4 family nmod 7 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 languages acl 8 by by ADP _ 9 millions case 9 millions million NOUN Number=Plur 7 spoken obl:agent 10 of of ADP _ 12 people case 11 Indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 12 people amod 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 millions nmod 13 in in ADP _ 16 mountains case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 mountains det 15 Andes Ande PROPN Number=Plur 16 mountains compound 16 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 12 people nmod 17 of of ADP _ 19 America case 18 South South PROPN Number=Sing 19 America compound 19 America America PROPN Number=Sing 16 mountains nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 23 Peru punct 21 mostly mostly ADV _ 23 Peru advmod 22 in in ADP _ 23 Peru case 23 Peru Peru PROPN Number=Sing 7 spoken obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 25 Bolivia punct 25 Bolivia Bolivia PROPN Number=Sing 23 Peru conj 26 and and CCONJ _ 27 Ecuador cc 27 Ecuador Ecuador PROPN Number=Sing 25 Bolivia conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 4 family punct
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1 is a present Quechua a family of languages tree rules 2 speak speech: other participle languages not said here Peru and Bolivia and Ecuador vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The Quechua are the peoples who speak these languages.
det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root The DET Quechua PROPN are AUX the DET peoples NOUN who PRON speak VERB these DET languages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Quechua det 2 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 5 peoples nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 peoples cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 peoples det 5 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 speak nsubj 7 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 peoples acl:relcl 8 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 9 languages det 9 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 7 speak obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 peoples punct
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1 is a present the Quechua the peoples tree rules 2 speak speech: other present the peoples this languages tree rules
Meaning 3 Quechua was the main language of the Inca Empire.
nsubj cop det amod case det compound nmod punct root Quechua PROPN was AUX the DET main ADJ language NOUN of ADP the DET Inca PROPN Empire PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 language cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 language det 4 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 5 language amod 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 Empire case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Empire det 8 Inca Inca PROPN Number=Sing 9 Empire compound 9 Empire Empire PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Quechua the main language of the Inca Empire tree rules
Example 1 Quechua is spoken by millions of people in Peru and Bolivia.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl:agent case nmod case nmod cc conj punct root Quechua PROPN is AUX spoken VERB by ADP millions NOUN of ADP people NOUN in ADP Peru PROPN and CCONJ Bolivia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 3 spoken nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spoken aux:pass 3 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 5 millions case 5 millions million NOUN Number=Plur 3 spoken obl:agent 6 of of ADP _ 7 people case 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 millions nmod 8 in in ADP _ 9 Peru case 9 Peru Peru PROPN Number=Sing 7 people nmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 Bolivia cc 11 Bolivia Bolivia PROPN Number=Sing 9 Peru conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present · passive millions of people in Peru and Bolivia Quechua tree rules
Example 2 The Incas spoke Quechua.
det nsubj obj punct root The DET Incas PROPN spoke VERB Quechua PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Incas det 2 Incas Inca PROPN Number=Plur 3 spoke nsubj 3 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 3 spoke obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past the Incas Quechua tree rules
Example 3 The word «llama» comes from Quechua.
det nsubj punct appos punct case obl punct root The DET word NOUN « PUNCT llama NOUN » PUNCT comes VERB from ADP Quechua PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 comes nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 llama punct 4 llama llama NOUN Number=Sing 2 word appos 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 llama punct 6 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 from from ADP _ 8 Quechua case 8 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 6 comes obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 comes punct
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1 come present the word Quechua vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from quechua=Initial_Location
Example 4 Many children in the Andes learn Quechua at home and Spanish at school.
amod nsubj case det nmod obj case obl cc conj case obl punct root Many ADJ children NOUN in ADP the DET Andes PROPN learn VERB Quechua PROPN at ADP home NOUN and CCONJ Spanish ADJ at ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 children amod 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 learn nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 Andes case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Andes det 5 Andes Ande PROPN Number=Plur 2 children nmod 6 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 6 learn obj 8 at at ADP _ 9 home case 9 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 learn obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 Spanish cc 11 Spanish Spanish ADJ Degree=Pos 9 home conj 12 at at ADP _ 13 school case 13 school school NOUN Number=Sing 11 Spanish obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 learn punct
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1 learn present Many children in the Andes Quechua home vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quechua=Topic
Example 5 Quechua is an official language of Peru and Bolivia.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod cc conj punct root Quechua PROPN is AUX an DET official ADJ language NOUN of ADP Peru PROPN and CCONJ Bolivia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 language cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 language det 4 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 5 language amod 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 Peru case 7 Peru Peru PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Bolivia cc 9 Bolivia Bolivia PROPN Number=Sing 7 Peru conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Quechua a official language of Peru and Bolivia tree rules
Example 6 Quechua farmers grow potatoes high in the mountains.
compound nsubj obj amod case det obl punct root Quechua NOUN farmers NOUN grow VERB potatoes NOUN high ADJ in ADP the DET mountains NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Quechua quechua NOUN Number=Sing 2 farmers compound 2 farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 3 grow nsubj 3 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 potatoes potato NOUN Number=Plur 3 grow obj 5 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 4 potatoes amod 6 in in ADP _ 8 mountains case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 mountains det 8 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 3 grow obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Quechua farmers potatoes the mountains vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location potato=Theme
Example 7 Our class learned to say hello in Quechua: «Allillanchu?»
nmod:poss nsubj mark xcomp obj case obl punct punct parataxis punct punct root Our PRON class NOUN learned VERB to PART say VERB hello INTJ in ADP Quechua PROPN : PUNCT « PUNCT Allillanchu PROPN ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 class nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 learned nsubj 3 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 learned xcomp 6 hello hello INTJ _ 5 say obj 7 in in ADP _ 8 Quechua case 8 Quechua Quechua PROPN Number=Sing 5 say obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 Allillanchu punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 Allillanchu punct 11 Allillanchu Allillanchu PROPN Number=Sing 3 learned parataxis 12 ? ? PUNCT _ 11 Allillanchu punct 13 » » PUNCT _ 3 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past Our class vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive Our class not said here Quechua vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent hello=Theme in quechua=Manner
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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