radiocarbon Who acts: kind, Using, Radiocarbon dating, wooden boat, Scientists, things · What happens: call, be, break down, use, find out, show · To what, where: carbon, thousands, something, radiocarbon dating, radiocarbon, cave · Speech: someone speaks here
«radiocarbon» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: radiocarbon in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A kind of carbon, called carbon-14, that is slightly radioactive and slowly breaks down over thousands of years.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj case nmod punct acl xcomp punct appos punct nsubj cop advmod cc advmod conj compound:prt case obl case nmod punct root A DET kind NOUN of ADP carbon NOUN , PUNCT called VERB carbon NOUN - PUNCT 14 NUM , PUNCT that PRON is AUX slightly ADV radioactive ADJ and CCONJ slowly ADV breaks VERB down ADP over ADP thousands NOUN of ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kind det 2 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 14 radioactive nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 carbon case 4 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 2 kind nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 called punct 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 kind acl 7 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 8 - - PUNCT _ 9 14 punct 9 14 14 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 carbon appos 10 , , PUNCT _ 2 kind punct 11 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 radioactive nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 radioactive cop 13 slightly slightly ADV _ 14 radioactive advmod 14 radioactive radioactive ADJ Degree=Pos root root 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 breaks cc 16 slowly slowly ADV _ 17 breaks advmod 17 breaks break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 radioactive conj 18 down down ADP _ 17 breaks compound:prt 19 over over ADP _ 20 thousands case 20 thousands thousand NOUN Number=Plur 17 breaks obl 21 of of ADP _ 22 years case 22 years year NOUN Number=Plur 20 thousands nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 14 radioactive punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle a kind of carbon not said here carbon vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present a kind of carbon radioactive, slightly property tree rules 3 break down present a kind of carbon not said here thousands of years slowly property vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
Using carbon-14 to find out how old something is: «radiocarbon dating».
The tree, 12 words csubj obj punct appos mark advcl compound:prt advmod amod obj cop punct punct compound punct punct root Using VERB carbon NOUN - PUNCT 14 NUM to PART find VERB out ADP how ADV old ADJ something PRON is AUX : PUNCT « PUNCT radiocarbon NOUN dating NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Using use VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 dating csubj 2 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 1 Using obj 3 - - PUNCT _ 4 14 punct 4 14 14 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 carbon appos 5 to to PART _ 6 find mark 6 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Using advcl 7 out out ADP _ 6 find compound:prt 8 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 old advmod 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 find obj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 dating cop 12 : : PUNCT _ 11 is punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 dating punct 14 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 15 dating compound 15 dating dating NOUN Number=Sing root root 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 dating punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 15 dating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use gerund carbon vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent carbon=Patient 2 find out to-infinitive something vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic 3 is a in a quote present Using radiocarbon dating tree rules
Example 1 Radiocarbon dating showed the wooden boat was 3,000 years old.
compound nsubj det amod nsubj cop nummod obl:unmarked ccomp punct root Radiocarbon NOUN dating NOUN showed VERB the DET wooden ADJ boat NOUN was AUX 3,000 NUM years NOUN old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 2 dating compound 2 dating dating NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed nsubj 3 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boat det 5 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 6 boat amod 6 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 10 old nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 old cop 8 3,000 3000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 years nummod 9 years year NOUN Number=Plur 10 old obl:unmarked 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 showed ccomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past Radiocarbon dating vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is past the wooden boat year old property tree rules
Example 2 Scientists used radiocarbon to date the bones in the cave.
nsubj obj mark conj det obj case det obl punct root Scientists NOUN used VERB radiocarbon NOUN to PART date NOUN the DET bones NOUN in ADP the DET cave NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 used nsubj 2 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 2 used obj 4 to to PART _ 5 date mark 5 date date NOUN Number=Sing 3 radiocarbon conj 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bones det 7 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 2 used obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 cave case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 cave det 10 cave cave NOUN Number=Sing 2 used obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past Scientists radiocarbon and date the cave tree rules
Example 3 Radiocarbon dating only works on things that were once alive.
compound nsubj advmod case obl nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct root Radiocarbon NOUN dating NOUN only ADV works VERB on ADP things NOUN that PRON were AUX once ADV alive ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 2 dating compound 2 dating dating NOUN Number=Sing 4 works nsubj 3 only only ADV _ 4 works advmod 4 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 6 things case 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 works obl 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 alive nsubj 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 alive cop 9 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 10 alive advmod 10 alive alive ADJ Degree=Pos 6 things acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 works punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work present Radiocarbon dating on things vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on thing=Theme 2 is past things alive, once property tree rules
Example 4 The Shroud of Turin was tested by radiocarbon dating in 1988.
det nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass case compound obl case obl punct root The DET Shroud NOUN of ADP Turin PROPN was AUX tested VERB by ADP radiocarbon NOUN dating NOUN in ADP 1988 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Shroud det 2 Shroud shroud NOUN Number=Sing 6 tested nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 4 Turin case 4 Turin Turin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Shroud nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 tested aux:pass 6 tested test VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 by by ADP _ 9 dating case 8 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 9 dating compound 9 dating dating NOUN Number=Sing 6 tested obl 10 in in ADP _ 11 1988 case 11 1988 1988 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 tested obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past · passive radiocarbon dating the Shroud of Turin 1988 vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 5 You cannot use radiocarbon to date dinosaur bones; they are far too old.
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux advmod obj mark compound compound obj punct nsubj cop advmod advmod conj punct root You PRON can AUX not PART use VERB radiocarbon NOUN to PART date NOUN dinosaur NOUN bones NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON are AUX far ADV too ADV old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 use nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 use aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 use advmod 4 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 4 use obj 6 to to PART _ 7 date mark 7 date date NOUN Number=Sing 9 bones compound 8 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing 9 bones compound 9 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 4 use obj 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 old punct 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 old nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 old cop 13 far far ADV Degree=Pos 15 old advmod 14 too too ADV _ 15 old advmod 15 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 use conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not use can You radiocarbon tree rules 2 is present bones = bone far, old property tree rules
Example 6 Half of the radiocarbon in a sample breaks down in about 5,730 years.
nsubj case det nmod case det nmod compound:prt case advmod nummod obl punct root Half NOUN of ADP the DET radiocarbon NOUN in ADP a DET sample NOUN breaks VERB down ADP in ADP about ADV 5,730 NUM years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 8 breaks nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 radiocarbon case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 radiocarbon det 4 radiocarbon radiocarbon NOUN Number=Sing 1 Half nmod 5 in in ADP _ 7 sample case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sample det 7 sample sample NOUN Number=Sing 4 radiocarbon nmod 8 breaks break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 down down ADP _ 8 breaks compound:prt 10 in in ADP _ 13 years case 11 about about ADV _ 12 5,730 advmod 12 5,730 5,730 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 years nummod 13 years year NOUN Number=Plur 8 breaks obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 breaks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break down present Half of the radiocarbon in a sample year vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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