rationing Who acts: government, person, it, Sweet rationing, sailors, wind · What happens: ration, be, limit, have, not be, share out · To what, where: system, much food, clothes, something, small amount, butter · Speech: someone speaks here
«rationing» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rationing in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.
Rationing is a system in which the government limits how much food, fuel or clothes each person may have, because there is not enough for everyone, as in Britain during and after the Second World War.
The tree, 36 words nsubj cop det case obl det nsubj parataxis advmod amod obj punct conj cc conj det nsubj aux acl:relcl punct mark expl cop advmod conj case obl punct case case obl case cc conj det amod compound obl punct root Rationing VERB is AUX a DET system NOUN in ADP which PRON the DET government NOUN limits VERB how ADV much ADJ food NOUN , PUNCT fuel NOUN or CCONJ clothes NOUN each DET person NOUN may AUX have VERB , PUNCT because SCONJ there PRON is AUX not PART enough ADJ for ADP everyone PRON , PUNCT as ADP in ADP Britain PROPN during ADP and CCONJ after ADP the DET Second ADJ World PROPN War PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rationing ration VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 system nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 system cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 system det 4 system system NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 which case 6 which which PRON PronType=Rel 9 limits obl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 government det 8 government government NOUN Number=Sing 9 limits nsubj 9 limits limit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 system parataxis 10 how how ADV PronType=Int 11 much advmod 11 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 12 food amod 12 food food NOUN Number=Sing 9 limits obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 fuel punct 14 fuel fuel NOUN Number=Sing 12 food conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 clothes cc 16 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 12 food conj 17 each each DET PronType=Tot 18 person det 18 person person NOUN Number=Sing 20 have nsubj 19 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 20 have aux 20 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 clothes acl:relcl 21 , , PUNCT _ 26 enough punct 22 because because SCONJ _ 24 is mark 23 there there PRON PronType=Dem 24 is expl 24 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 enough cop 25 not not PART Polarity=Neg 26 enough advmod 26 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 9 limits conj 27 for for ADP _ 28 everyone case 28 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 26 enough obl 29 , , PUNCT _ 32 Britain punct 30 as as ADP _ 32 Britain case 31 in in ADP _ 32 Britain case 32 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 9 limits obl 33 during during ADP _ 39 War case 34 and and CCONJ _ 35 after cc 35 after after ADP _ 33 during conj 36 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 39 War det 37 Second Second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 39 War amod 38 World World PROPN Number=Sing 39 War compound 39 War War PROPN Number=Sing 9 limits obl 40 . . PUNCT _ 4 system punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ration gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a system tree rules 3 limit present the government much food and fuel or clothes a system during the Second World War as Britain vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer food=Patient 4 have may each person clothes not said here vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient 5 not is present the government not said here for everyone; enough property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Rationing is any sharing out of something in small fixed amounts so it lasts, for example water on a boat or sweets in a holiday.
The tree, 25 words nsubj aux nsubj case case obl case amod amod nmod advmod nsubj conj punct case nmod obl case det nmod cc conj case det nmod punct root Rationing VERB is AUX any DET sharing VERB out ADP of ADP something PRON in ADP small ADJ fixed VERB amounts NOUN so ADV it PRON lasts VERB , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN water NOUN on ADP a DET boat NOUN or CCONJ sweets NOUN in ADP a DET holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rationing ration VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 sharing nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sharing aux 3 any any DET PronType=Ind 4 sharing nsubj 4 sharing share VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 out out ADP _ 7 something case 6 of of ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 sharing obl 8 in in ADP _ 11 amounts case 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 11 amounts amod 10 fixed fix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 amounts amod 11 amounts amount NOUN Number=Plur 7 something nmod 12 so so ADV _ 14 lasts advmod 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 lasts nsubj 14 lasts last VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sharing conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 water punct 16 for for ADP _ 18 water case 17 example example NOUN Number=Sing 18 water nmod 18 water water NOUN Number=Sing 14 lasts obl 19 on on ADP _ 21 boat case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 boat det 21 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 18 water nmod 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 sweets cc 23 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 21 boat conj 24 in in ADP _ 26 holiday case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 holiday det 26 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 23 sweets nmod 27 . . PUNCT _ 4 sharing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ration gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 2 share out present · progressive something tree rules 3 fix participle vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 4 last present it for water example on a boat or sweets in a holiday vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
Example 1 During the war, rationing meant each person got only a small amount of butter a week.
The tree, 16 words case det obl punct nsubj:pass det nsubj ccomp advmod det amod obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root During ADP the DET war NOUN , PUNCT rationing VERB meant VERB each DET person NOUN got VERB only ADV a DET small ADJ amount NOUN of ADP butter NOUN a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 3 war case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 war det 3 war war NOUN Number=Sing 6 meant obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 war punct 5 rationing ration VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 meant nsubj:pass 6 meant mean VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 each each DET PronType=Tot 8 person det 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 9 got nsubj 9 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 meant ccomp 10 only only ADV _ 13 amount advmod 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 amount det 12 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 13 amount amod 13 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 9 got obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 butter case 15 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 13 amount nmod 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 week det 17 week week NOUN Number=Sing 9 got obl:unmarked 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ration gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent 2 mean participle · passive during the war tree rules 3 get past each person a small amount of butter week vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer amount=Stimulus 4 amount butter nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Sweet rationing ended in Britain in 1953.
amod nsubj case obl case obl punct root Sweet ADJ rationing NOUN ended VERB in ADP Britain PROPN in ADP 1953 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 2 rationing amod 2 rationing rationing NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended nsubj 3 ended end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 Britain case 5 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 3 ended obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 1953 case 7 1953 1953 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 ended obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 ended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end past Sweet rationing Britain in 1953 vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 3 The sailors began rationing their water when the wind dropped.
det nsubj xcomp nmod:poss obj advmod det nsubj advcl punct root The DET sailors NOUN began VERB rationing VERB their PRON water NOUN when ADV the DET wind NOUN dropped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sailors det 2 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 3 began nsubj 3 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 rationing ration VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 began xcomp 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 water nmod:poss 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 rationing obj 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 dropped advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 wind det 9 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 10 dropped nsubj 10 dropped drop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rationing advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the sailors vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 ration gerund the sailors not said here sailors's water vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent water=Theme 3 drop past the wind vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 We're rationing the chocolate so it lasts all holiday.
nsubj aux det obj advmod nsubj advcl det obj punct root We PRON 're AUX rationing VERB the DET chocolate NOUN so ADV it PRON lasts VERB all DET holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 rationing nsubj 2 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 rationing aux 3 rationing ration VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 chocolate det 5 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 3 rationing obj 6 so so ADV _ 8 lasts advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 lasts nsubj 8 lasts last VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 rationing advcl 9 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 holiday det 10 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 8 lasts obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 rationing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ration present · progressive We the chocolate vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent chocolate=Theme 2 last present chocolate all holiday vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme holiday=Value
Example 5 Gran still remembers her ration book.
nsubj advmod nmod:poss compound obj punct root Gran PROPN still ADV remembers VERB her PRON ration NOUN book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gran Gran PROPN Number=Sing 3 remembers nsubj 2 still still ADV _ 3 remembers advmod 3 remembers remember VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 book nmod:poss 5 ration ration NOUN Number=Sing 6 book compound 6 book book NOUN Number=Sing 3 remembers obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 remembers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember present Gran Gran's ration book still vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent book=Theme
Example 6 In the drought there was water rationing, so no hosepipes.
case det obl expl nsubj acl punct advmod det obj punct root In ADP the DET drought NOUN there PRON was VERB water NOUN rationing VERB , PUNCT so ADV no DET hosepipes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 drought case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 drought det 3 drought drought NOUN Number=Sing 5 was obl 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 5 was expl 5 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 was nsubj 7 rationing ration VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 water acl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 hosepipes punct 9 so so ADV _ 11 hosepipes advmod 10 no no DET PronType=Neg 11 hosepipes det 11 hosepipes hosepipe NOUN Number=Plur 7 rationing obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past water the drought; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in drought=Location 2 ration gerund water not said here no hosepipes vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent hosepipe=Theme
Example 7 If 30 sweets are rationed over 10 days, each day gets 3.
mark nummod nsubj aux:pass advcl advmod nummod obl:unmarked punct det nsubj obj punct root If SCONJ 30 NUM sweets NOUN are AUX rationed VERB over ADV 10 NUM days NOUN , PUNCT each DET day NOUN gets VERB 3 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 5 rationed mark 2 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 sweets nummod 3 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 5 rationed nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rationed aux:pass 5 rationed ration VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 gets advcl 6 over over ADV _ 7 10 advmod 7 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 days nummod 8 days day NOUN Number=Plur 5 rationed obl:unmarked 9 , , PUNCT _ 5 rationed punct 10 each each DET PronType=Tot 11 day det 11 day day NOUN Number=Sing 12 gets nsubj 12 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 gets obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 12 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ration a condition, not said to happen present · passive 30 sweets day vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme 2 get present each day 3 vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 3=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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