reflection Who acts: reflection, you, heat, flip, cat, I · What happens: be, see, bounce back, look, image, think · To what, where: picture, mirror, science, surface, flip, maths · Speech: someone speaks here
«reflection» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: reflection in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A reflection is the picture you see in a mirror, in water or on a shiny surface.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct case conj cc case det amod conj punct root A DET reflection NOUN is AUX the DET picture NOUN you PRON see VERB in ADP a DET mirror NOUN , PUNCT in ADP water NOUN or CCONJ on ADP a DET shiny ADJ surface NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 reflection det 2 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 5 picture nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 picture cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 picture det 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 see nsubj 7 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 picture acl:relcl 8 in in ADP _ 10 mirror case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 mirror det 10 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 7 see obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 water punct 12 in in ADP _ 13 water case 13 water water NOUN Number=Sing 10 mirror conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 18 surface cc 15 on on ADP _ 18 surface case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 surface det 17 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 18 surface amod 18 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 10 mirror conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 picture punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a reflection the picture tree rules 2 see present you the picture not said here a mirror and water or a shiny surface vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer picture=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In science, reflection is light, sound or heat bouncing back off a surface.
The tree, 13 words case obl punct nsubj cop punct parataxis cc conj acl advmod case det obl punct root In ADP science NOUN , PUNCT reflection NOUN is AUX light ADJ , PUNCT sound NOUN or CCONJ heat NOUN bouncing VERB back ADV off ADP a DET surface NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 science case 2 science science NOUN Number=Sing 6 light obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 science punct 4 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 6 light nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 light cop 6 light light ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 sound punct 8 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 6 light parataxis 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 heat cc 10 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 8 sound conj 11 bouncing bounce VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 heat acl 12 back back ADV _ 11 bouncing advmod 13 off off ADP _ 15 surface case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 surface det 15 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 11 bouncing obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present reflection science light property tree rules 2 bounce back gerund heat not said here a surface vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme off surface=Trajectory
Meaning 3 In maths, a reflection is a flip of a shape over a line (a mirror line) so it looks like its mirror image.
The tree, 23 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det nsubj case det nmod case det nmod punct det compound appos punct advmod nsubj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT a DET reflection NOUN is AUX a DET flip NOUN of ADP a DET shape NOUN over ADP a DET line NOUN ( PUNCT a DET mirror NOUN line NOUN ) PUNCT so ADV it PRON looks VERB like ADP its PRON mirror NOUN image NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 8 flip obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 reflection det 5 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 8 flip nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 flip cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 flip det 8 flip flip NOUN Number=Sing 22 looks nsubj 9 of of ADP _ 11 shape case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 shape det 11 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 8 flip nmod 12 over over ADP _ 14 line case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 line det 14 line line NOUN Number=Sing 11 shape nmod 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 line punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 line det 17 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 18 line compound 18 line line NOUN Number=Sing 14 line appos 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 line punct 20 so so ADV _ 22 looks advmod 21 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 looks nsubj 22 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 23 like like ADP _ 26 image case 24 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 26 image nmod:poss 25 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 26 image compound 26 image image NOUN Number=Sing 22 looks obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 22 looks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a reflection a flip maths of a shape over a line tree rules 2 look present a flip like flip's mirror image vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 image flip nom image «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 4 Reflection is also careful thinking about something.
nsubj cop advmod advcl case obl punct root Reflection NOUN is AUX also ADV careful ADJ thinking VERB about ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 4 careful nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 careful cop 3 also also ADV _ 4 careful advmod 4 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 careful advcl 6 about about ADP _ 7 something case 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 thinking obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Reflection careful property tree rules 2 think speech: other gerund Reflection not said here about something vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about something=Topic
Example 1 The cat stared at its reflection in the mirror.
det nsubj case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root The DET cat NOUN stared VERB at ADP its PRON reflection NOUN in ADP the DET mirror NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 stared nsubj 3 stared stare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 reflection case 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 reflection nmod:poss 6 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 3 stared obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 mirror case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 mirror det 9 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 3 stared obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 stared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stare past the cat in the mirror; at cat's reflection vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at reflection=Theme
Example 2 I saw the mountains' reflection in the still lake.
nsubj det nmod:poss case obj case det advmod obl punct root I PRON saw VERB the DET mountains NOUN ' PART reflection NOUN in ADP the DET still ADV lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 mountains det 4 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 6 reflection nmod:poss 5 ' 's PART _ 4 mountains case 6 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 7 in in ADP _ 10 lake case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lake det 9 still still ADV _ 10 lake advmod 10 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past I the mountains's reflection the lake vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer reflection=Stimulus
Example 3 Draw the reflection of the triangle in the mirror line.
det obj case det nmod case det compound nmod punct root Draw VERB the DET reflection NOUN of ADP the DET triangle NOUN in ADP the DET mirror NOUN line NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 reflection det 3 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 triangle case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 triangle det 6 triangle triangle NOUN Number=Sing 3 reflection nmod 7 in in ADP _ 10 line case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 line det 9 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 10 line compound 10 line line NOUN Number=Sing 6 triangle nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here the reflection of the triangle in the mirror line vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reflection=Theme
Example 4 Reflection of light lets us see the Moon.
nsubj case nmod obj xcomp det obj punct root Reflection NOUN of ADP light NOUN lets VERB us PRON see VERB the DET Moon PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 4 lets nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 light case 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing 1 Reflection nmod 4 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 lets obj 6 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 lets xcomp 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Moon det 8 Moon Moon PROPN Number=Sing 6 see obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 lets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let present Reflection of light us tree rules 2 see infinitive us not said here the Moon vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer moon=Stimulus
Example 5 An echo is a reflection of sound.
det nsubj cop det case nmod punct root An DET echo NOUN is AUX a DET reflection NOUN of ADP sound NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 echo det 2 echo echo NOUN Number=Sing 5 reflection nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 reflection cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 reflection det 5 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 sound case 7 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 5 reflection nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 reflection punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a echo a reflection of sound tree rules
Example 6 On reflection, I think I was unfair.
case obl punct nsubj nsubj cop ccomp punct root On ADP reflection NOUN , PUNCT I PRON think VERB I PRON was AUX unfair ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 2 reflection case 2 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 5 think obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 reflection punct 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 think nsubj 5 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 unfair nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 unfair cop 8 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 5 think ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 think punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present I on reflection vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on reflection=Topic 2 is past I unfair property tree rules
Example 7 Write a short reflection about your science project.
det amod obj case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root Write VERB a DET short ADJ reflection NOUN about ADP your PRON science NOUN project NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 reflection det 3 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 4 reflection amod 4 reflection reflection NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 5 about about ADP _ 8 project case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 project nmod:poss 7 science science NOUN Number=Sing 8 project compound 8 project project NOUN Number=Sing 4 reflection nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here a short reflection about your science project vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reflection=Recipient about project=Topic 2 project your nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 I have got it all from my reflections and thoughts.
nsubj aux obj det case nmod:poss obl cc conj punct root I PRON have AUX got VERB it PRON all DET from ADP my PRON reflections NOUN and CCONJ thoughts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 got nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 got aux 3 got get VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 got obj 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 4 it det 6 from from ADP _ 8 reflections case 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 reflections nmod:poss 8 reflections reflection NOUN Number=Plur 3 got obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 thoughts cc 10 thoughts thought NOUN Number=Plur 8 reflections conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present · perfect I it my reflections and thoughts vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from reflection=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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