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rend

Who acts: scream, Jacob, It, war, he · What happens: tear, break, cause, rend, hear, be · To what, where: something, pieces, silence, great sadness, clothes, Bible

«rend» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rend in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: old or literary — kept apart, not parsed.

To tear something into pieces violently.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 tear	mark
2	tear	tear	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 tear	obj
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 pieces	case
5	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tear	obl
6	violently	violently	ADV	_	2 tear	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tear	to-infinitive		something				into pieces result; violently property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent something=Patient into piece=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To break a silence or the air with a loud sound.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 break	mark
2	break	break	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 silence	det
4	silence	silence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 break	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 air	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 air	det
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 silence	conj
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 sound	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sound	det
10	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sound	amod
11	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 break	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 break	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	to-infinitive		a silence or the air				with a loud sound	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent silence=Patient with sound=Instrument

Meaning 3

Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

To cause great sadness or pain to someone's heart.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cause	mark
2	cause	cause	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sadness	amod
4	sadness	sadness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cause	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 pain	cc
6	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sadness	conj
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 heart	case
8	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 heart	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 someone	case
10	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sadness	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cause	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	to-infinitive		great sadness or pain				to someone's heart	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sadness=Patient

Example 1

The giant rent the tree in two.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 rent	det
2	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rent	amod
3	rent	rent	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tree	nsubj
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tree	det
5	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 two	case
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 tree	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 tree	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

A scream rent the silence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 scream	det
2	scream	scream	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rent	nsubj
3	rent	rend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 silence	det
5	silence	silence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rent	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 rent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rend	past	a scream	the silence					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Patient

Example 3

In the Bible, Jacob rent his clothes when he heard the bad news.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Bible	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Bible	det
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 rent	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Bible	punct
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 rent	nsubj
6	rent	rend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 clothes	nmod:poss
8	clothes	clothes	NOUN	Number=Ptan	6 rent	obj
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 heard	advmod
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 heard	nsubj
11	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 rent	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 news	det
13	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 news	amod
14	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 heard	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 rent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rend	past	Jacob	Jacob's clothes		the Bible			vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient
2	hear	past	Jacob	the bad news					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus

Example 4

It was a heart-rending story about a lost puppy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 story	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 story	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 story	det
4	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rending	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 heart	punct
6	rending	rend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 story	amod
7	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	about	about	ADP	_	11 puppy	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 puppy	det
10	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 puppy	amod
11	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 story	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 story	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rend	gerund							vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is a	past	It	a rending story				about a lost puppy	tree rules
3	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

The storm threatened to rend the sails.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	threatened	threaten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 storm	acl
4	to	to	PART	_	5 rend	mark
5	rend	rend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 threatened	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sails	det
7	sails	sail	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rend	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 storm	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	threaten	participle		the storm not said here					tree rules
2	rend not said to happen	to-infinitive		the sails					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sail=Patient

Example 6

The war rent the country apart.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 war	det
2	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rent	nsubj
3	rent	rend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 country	det
5	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rent	obj
6	apart	apart	ADV	_	3 rent	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 rent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rend	past	the war	the country				apart property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Patient

Example 7

Wringing his hands and rending his beard, he exclaimed:

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wringing	wring	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 exclaimed	advcl
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 hands	nmod:poss
3	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Wringing	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 rending	cc
5	rending	rend	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Wringing	conj
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 beard	nmod:poss
7	beard	beard	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rending	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Wringing	punct
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 exclaimed	nsubj
10	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 exclaimed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wring	gerund	he not said here	his hands					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
2	rend	gerund	he not said here	his beard					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beard=Patient
3	exclaim speech: express	past	he						vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/rend/