render Who acts: you, fall, news, computer, builders, dialect · What happens: cause, be, give, show, perform, translate · To what, where: someone, certain state, help, something, certain way, picture
«render» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: render in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To cause someone or something to be in a certain state.
mark obj cc conj mark cop case det amod acl punct root To PART cause VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON to PART be AUX in ADP a DET certain ADJ state NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cause mark 2 cause cause VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cause obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 something cc 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 someone conj 6 to to PART _ 11 state mark 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 state cop 8 in in ADP _ 11 state case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 state det 10 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 11 state amod 11 state state NOUN Number=Sing 5 something acl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause to-infinitive someone vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition someone=Patient 2 is to-infinitive a certain state tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"rendered helpless".
punct xcomp punct punct root " PUNCT rendered VERB helpless ADJ " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 rendered punct 2 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 helpless helpless ADJ Degree=Pos 2 rendered xcomp 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 rendered punct 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 rendered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render in a quote past helpless property vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To give help or a service.
mark obj cc det conj punct root To PART give VERB help NOUN or CCONJ a DET service NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 help help NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 service cc 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 service det 6 service service NOUN Number=Sing 3 help conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive help or a service vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Theme
Meaning 3 To show, perform or translate something in a certain way.
mark advcl punct cc conj obj case det amod obl punct root To PART show VERB , PUNCT perform VERB or CCONJ translate VERB something PRON in ADP a DET certain ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 show mark 2 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 perform advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 perform punct 4 perform perform VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 translate cc 6 translate translate VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 perform conj 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 translate obj 8 in in ADP _ 11 way case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 way det 10 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 11 way amod 11 way way NOUN Number=Sing 6 translate obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 perform punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show to-infinitive you not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 perform imperative you not said here vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 translate infinitive you not said here something a certain way vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
Meaning 4 Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.
To make a picture or video by computer.
mark det obj cc conj case obl punct root To PART make VERB a DET picture NOUN or CCONJ video NOUN by ADP computer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 picture det 4 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 video cc 6 video video NOUN Number=Sing 4 picture conj 7 by by ADP _ 8 computer case 8 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive a picture or video by computer vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset picture=Product
Meaning 5 Usage: building — kept apart, not parsed.
To cover a wall with a layer of plaster or cement.
mark det obj case det obl case nmod cc conj punct root To PART cover VERB a DET wall NOUN with ADP a DET layer NOUN of ADP plaster NOUN or CCONJ cement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cover mark 2 cover cover VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 wall det 4 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 layer case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 layer det 7 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 plaster case 9 plaster plaster NOUN Number=Sing 7 layer nmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 cement cc 11 cement cement NOUN Number=Sing 9 plaster conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover to-infinitive a wall with a layer of plaster or cement vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent wall=Destination with layer=Theme
Example 1 The fall rendered him unable to walk.
det nsubj obj xcomp mark xcomp punct root The DET fall NOUN rendered VERB him PRON unable ADJ to PART walk VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fall det 2 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 3 rendered nsubj 3 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 rendered obj 5 unable unable ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rendered xcomp 6 to to PART _ 7 walk mark 7 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 unable xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 rendered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render past the fall him = he unable property vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme 2 walk to-infinitive the fall not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The news rendered her speechless.
det nsubj nmod:poss xcomp punct root The DET news NOUN rendered VERB her PRON speechless ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 news det 2 news news NOUN Number=Sing 3 rendered nsubj 3 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 speechless nmod:poss 5 speechless speechless ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rendered xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 rendered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render past the news speechless property vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The computer took an hour to render the animation.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET computer NOUN took VERB an DET hour NOUN to PART render VERB the DET animation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 computer det 2 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hour det 5 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obj 6 to to PART _ 7 render mark 7 render render VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 took advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 animation det 9 animation animation NOUN Number=Sing 7 render obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the computer hour vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 render to-infinitive the computer not said here the animation vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animation=Theme
Example 4 The builders rendered the outside walls.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET builders NOUN rendered VERB the DET outside ADJ walls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 builders det 2 builders builder NOUN Number=Plur 3 rendered nsubj 3 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 walls det 5 outside outside ADJ Degree=Pos 6 walls amod 6 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 3 rendered obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 rendered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render past the builders the outside walls vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wall=Theme
Example 5 Thank you for the help you rendered.
obj case det obl nsubj acl:relcl punct root Thank VERB you PRON for ADP the DET help NOUN you PRON rendered VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 Thank obj 3 for for ADP _ 5 help case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 help det 5 help help NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thank obl 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 rendered nsubj 7 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 help acl:relcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present you for the help vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for help=Attribute 2 render past you the help not said here vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Theme
Example 6 The poem was rendered into English.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET poem NOUN was AUX rendered VERB into ADP English PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 poem det 2 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 4 rendered nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rendered aux:pass 4 rendered render VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 into into ADP _ 6 English case 6 English English PROPN Number=Sing 4 rendered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 rendered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render past · passive the poem English vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 7 Its dialect renders it somewhat difficult to read.
nmod:poss nsubj obj advmod advcl mark xcomp punct root Its PRON dialect NOUN renders VERB it PRON somewhat ADV difficult ADJ to PART read VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 dialect nmod:poss 2 dialect dialect NOUN Number=Sing 3 renders nsubj 3 renders render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 renders obj 5 somewhat somewhat ADV _ 6 difficult advmod 6 difficult difficult ADJ Degree=Pos 3 renders advcl 7 to to PART _ 8 read mark 8 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 difficult xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 renders punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render present Its dialect it vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 2 read to-infinitive Its dialect not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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