require Who acts: cake, shirt, trip, plant, living things, game · What happens: require, be, do, wear, live · To what, where: eggs, something, Pupils, uniform, 3 buttons, many eggs · Speech: someone speaks here
«require» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: require in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To require is to need. A cake requires eggs.
Sentence 1: To require is to need.
mark csubj cop mark punct root To PART require VERB is AUX to PART need VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 require mark 2 require require VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 need csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 need cop 4 to to PART _ 5 need mark 5 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require to-infinitive vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme 2 is present need property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: A cake requires eggs.
det nsubj obj punct root A DET cake NOUN requires VERB eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cake det 2 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present a cake eggs vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme egg=Precondition
Meaning 2 To require is to make someone do something because of a rule: «Pupils are required to wear a uniform».
The tree, 19 words mark csubj cop mark obj xcomp obj case fixed det obl punct punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis mark xcomp det obj punct punct root To PART require VERB is AUX to PART make VERB someone PRON do VERB something PRON because ADP of ADP a DET rule NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Pupils NOUN are AUX required VERB to PART wear VERB a DET uniform NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 require mark 2 require require VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make cop 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 make obj 7 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make xcomp 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 do obj 9 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 12 rule case 10 of of ADP _ 9 because fixed 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 rule det 12 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 7 do obl 13 : : PUNCT _ 17 required punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 17 required punct 15 Pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 17 required nsubj:pass 16 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 required aux:pass 17 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 make parataxis 18 to to PART _ 19 wear mark 19 wear wear VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 required xcomp 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 uniform det 21 uniform uniform NOUN Number=Sing 19 wear obj 22 » » PUNCT _ 17 required punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require to-infinitive vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme 2 is present make property tree rules 3 do infinitive something because a rule vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 require in a quote present · passive Pupils vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic 5 wear in a quote to-infinitive a uniform vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent uniform=Theme
Example 1 Each shirt requires 3 buttons.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET shirt NOUN requires VERB 3 NUM buttons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 shirt det 2 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 buttons nummod 5 buttons button NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present each shirt 3 buttons vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme button=Precondition
Example 2 The trip requires 4 hours of driving.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root The DET trip NOUN requires VERB 4 NUM hours NOUN of ADP driving NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 trip det 2 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 hours nummod 5 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 driving case 7 driving driving NOUN Number=Sing 5 hours nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present the trip hour vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme
Example 3 How many eggs are required for 5 cakes?
advmod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case nummod obl punct root How ADV many ADJ eggs NOUN are AUX required VERB for ADP 5 NUM cakes NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 eggs amod 3 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 5 required nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 required aux:pass 5 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 cakes case 7 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 cakes nummod 8 cakes cake NOUN Number=Plur 5 required obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 required punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present · passive many eggs for 5 cakes vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
Example 4 A plant requires 2 liters of water a week.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root A DET plant NOUN requires VERB 2 NUM liters NOUN of ADP water NOUN a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 liters nummod 5 liters liter NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 water case 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 liters nmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 week det 9 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires obl:unmarked 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present a plant 2 liters of water week vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme liter=Precondition
Example 5 Helmets are required at the skate park.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound obl punct root Helmets NOUN are AUX required VERB at ADP the DET skate NOUN park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Helmets helmet NOUN Number=Plur 3 required nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 required aux:pass 3 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 at at ADP _ 7 park case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 park det 6 skate skate NOUN Number=Sing 7 park compound 7 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 required obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 required punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present · passive Helmets the skate park vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition
Example 6 All living things require water.
det amod nsubj obj punct root All DET living VERB things NOUN require VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 things det 2 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 things amod 3 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 require nsubj 4 require require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 require obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 require punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 require present all living things water vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Precondition
Example 7 The game requires two players.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET game NOUN requires VERB two NUM players NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 game det 2 game game NOUN Number=Sing 3 requires nsubj 3 requires require VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 players nummod 5 players player NOUN Number=Plur 3 requires obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 requires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present the game two players vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme player=Precondition
Example 8 Pupils are required to be on time.
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark cop case xcomp punct root Pupils NOUN are AUX required VERB to PART be AUX on ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 3 required nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 required aux:pass 3 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 7 time mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 time cop 6 on on ADP _ 7 time case 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 required xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 required punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present · passive Pupils vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition 2 is to-infinitive on time tree rules
Example 9 What do you require from me?”
obj aux nsubj case obl punct punct root What PRON do AUX you PRON require VERB from ADP me PRON ? PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 require obj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 require aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 require nsubj 4 require require VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 from from ADP _ 6 me case 6 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 require obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 require punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 4 require punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present · do-support you from me vn require-103-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Theme what=Precondition from i=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous requiescatnext → requirement↑ back to R in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/require/