restrain Who acts: you, seat belt, car, I, Two players, Princess · What happens: restrain, be, stop, move, do, want · To what, where: someone, them, something, yourself, dog, lead
«restrain» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: restrain in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To restrain someone or something is to hold them back or stop them from moving or doing something, often by force.
The tree, 21 words mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj advmod cc conj obj mark advcl cc conj obj punct advmod case obl punct root To PART restrain VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON is AUX to PART hold VERB them PRON back ADV or CCONJ stop VERB them PRON from SCONJ moving VERB or CCONJ doing VERB something PRON , PUNCT often ADV by ADP force NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 restrain mark 2 restrain restrain VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 hold advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 restrain obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 something cc 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 someone conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 hold cop 7 to to PART _ 8 hold mark 8 hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 hold obj 10 back back ADV _ 8 hold advmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 stop cc 12 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 hold conj 13 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 stop obj 14 from from SCONJ _ 15 moving mark 15 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 stop advcl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 doing cc 17 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 15 moving conj 18 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 17 doing obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 force punct 20 often often ADV _ 22 force advmod 21 by by ADP _ 22 force case 22 force force NOUN Number=Sing 15 moving obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 8 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain to-infinitive someone vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer someone=Eventuality 2 is present hold property tree rules 3 stop infinitive them = they vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality 4 move gerund by force vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by force=Trajectory 5 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To restrain yourself is to stop yourself from doing something you want to do, like laughing or shouting.
The tree, 18 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj mark advcl obj nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp punct mark advcl cc conj punct root To PART restrain VERB yourself PRON is AUX to PART stop VERB yourself PRON from SCONJ doing VERB something PRON you PRON want VERB to PART do VERB , PUNCT like SCONJ laughing VERB or CCONJ shouting VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 restrain mark 2 restrain restrain VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 stop advcl 3 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 restrain obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stop cop 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 6 stop obj 8 from from SCONJ _ 9 doing mark 9 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 stop advcl 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 doing obj 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 want nsubj 12 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 something acl:relcl 13 to to PART _ 14 do mark 14 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 want xcomp 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 laughing punct 16 like like SCONJ _ 17 laughing mark 17 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 do advcl 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 shouting cc 19 shouting shout VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 laughing conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain to-infinitive yourself vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer yourself=Eventuality 2 is present stop property tree rules 3 do gerund something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 want present you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 5 do not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 laugh gerund you not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 7 shout speech: express gerund you not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Keep your dog restrained on a lead in the park.
nmod:poss obj acl case det obl case det nmod punct root Keep VERB your PRON dog NOUN restrained VERB on ADP a DET lead NOUN in ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 dog nmod:poss 3 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 4 restrained restrain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 dog acl 5 on on ADP _ 7 lead case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 lead det 7 lead lead NOUN Number=Sing 4 restrained obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 park case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 park det 10 park park NOUN Number=Sing 7 lead nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here your dog vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme 2 restrain participle your dog not said here a lead in the park vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer
Example 2 The seat belt restrained him when the car stopped suddenly.
det compound nsubj obj advmod det nsubj advcl advmod punct root The DET seat NOUN belt NOUN restrained VERB him PRON when ADV the DET car NOUN stopped VERB suddenly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 belt det 2 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 3 belt compound 3 belt belt NOUN Number=Sing 4 restrained nsubj 4 restrained restrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 restrained obj 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 stopped advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 car det 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 9 stopped nsubj 9 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 restrained advcl 10 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 9 stopped advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 restrained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain past the seat belt him = he vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Eventuality 2 stop past the car suddenly property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 3 I could hardly restrain my laughter.
nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON could AUX hardly ADV restrain VERB my PRON laughter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 restrain nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 restrain aux 3 hardly hardly ADV _ 4 restrain advmod 4 restrain restrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 laughter nmod:poss 6 laughter laughter NOUN Number=Sing 4 restrain obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 restrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain could I my laughter hardly property vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer laughter=Eventuality
Example 4 Two players restrained the angry man.
nummod nsubj det amod obj punct root Two NUM players NOUN restrained VERB the DET angry ADJ man NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 players nummod 2 players player NOUN Number=Plur 3 restrained nsubj 3 restrained restrain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 man det 5 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 6 man amod 6 man man NOUN Number=Sing 3 restrained obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 restrained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain past Two players the angry man vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer man=Eventuality
Example 5 Try to restrain yourself from eating all the cake.
mark xcomp obj mark advcl det:predet det obj punct root Try VERB to PART restrain VERB yourself PRON from SCONJ eating VERB all DET the DET cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 to to PART _ 3 restrain mark 3 restrain restrain VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Try xcomp 4 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 restrain obj 5 from from SCONJ _ 6 eating mark 6 eating eat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 restrain advcl 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 cake det:predet 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 cake det 9 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 6 eating obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try imperative you not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 restrain not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here yourself vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer yourself=Eventuality 3 eat gerund you not said here all cake vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient
Example 6 Young children must be restrained in a proper car seat.
amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case det amod compound obl punct root Young ADJ children NOUN must AUX be AUX restrained VERB in ADP a DET proper ADJ car NOUN seat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Young young ADJ Degree=Pos 2 children amod 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 5 restrained nsubj:pass 3 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 restrained aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 restrained aux:pass 5 restrained restrain VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 10 seat case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 seat det 8 proper proper ADJ Degree=Pos 10 seat amod 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 10 seat compound 10 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 5 restrained obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 restrained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain must · passive Young children a proper car seat vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
Example 7 Then the Princess could restrain herself no longer, but ran forward and threw her arms round her husband.
The tree, 18 words advmod det nsubj aux obj advmod advmod punct cc parataxis advmod cc conj nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Then ADV the DET Princess NOUN could AUX restrain VERB herself PRON no ADV longer ADV , PUNCT but CCONJ ran VERB forward ADV and CCONJ threw VERB her PRON arms NOUN round ADP her PRON husband NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 restrain advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Princess det 3 Princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 5 restrain nsubj 4 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 restrain aux 5 restrain restrain VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 restrain obj 7 no no ADV _ 8 longer advmod 8 longer long ADV Degree=Cmp 5 restrain advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 ran punct 10 but but CCONJ _ 11 ran cc 11 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 restrain parataxis 12 forward forward ADV _ 11 ran advmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 threw cc 14 threw throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 ran conj 15 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 arms nmod:poss 16 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 14 threw obj 17 round round ADP _ 19 husband case 18 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 husband nmod:poss 19 husband husband NOUN Number=Sing 14 threw obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 restrain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 restrain could the Princess Princess then long property vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer herself=Eventuality 2 run past forward property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 throw past Princess's arms round Princess's husband vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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