rhino Who acts: rhino, Rhinos, Poachers, rangers, black rhino · What happens: be, live, eat, mean, hear, have · To what, where: large skinned animal, Africa, plants, money, this, two horns · Speech: someone speaks here
«rhino» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rhino in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A rhino, short for rhinoceros, is a very large, heavy, thick-skinned animal with one or two horns on its nose; it lives in Africa and southern Asia and eats plants.
The tree, 31 words det nsubj punct amod case obl punct cop det advmod amod punct conj punct amod punct amod case nummod cc conj nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct nsubj parataxis case obl cc amod conj cc conj obj punct root A DET rhino NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ for ADP rhinoceros NOUN , PUNCT is AUX a DET very ADV large ADJ , PUNCT heavy ADJ , PUNCT thick ADJ - PUNCT skinned ADJ animal NOUN with ADP one NUM or CCONJ two NUM horns NOUN on ADP its PRON nose NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON lives VERB in ADP Africa PROPN and CCONJ southern ADJ Asia PROPN and CCONJ eats VERB plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 rhino det 2 rhino rhino NOUN Number=Sing 18 animal nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 short punct 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 2 rhino amod 5 for for ADP _ 6 rhinoceros case 6 rhinoceros rhinoceros NOUN Number=Sing 4 short obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 rhino punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 animal cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 animal det 10 very very ADV _ 11 large advmod 11 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 18 animal amod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 heavy punct 13 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 large conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 11 large punct 15 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 17 skinned amod 16 - - PUNCT _ 15 thick punct 17 skinned skinned ADJ Degree=Pos 18 animal amod 18 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 19 with with ADP _ 23 horns case 20 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 23 horns nummod 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 two cc 22 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 20 one conj 23 horns horn NOUN Number=Plur 18 animal nmod 24 on on ADP _ 26 nose case 25 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 26 nose nmod:poss 26 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 23 horns nmod 27 ; ; PUNCT _ 29 lives punct 28 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 29 lives nsubj 29 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 animal parataxis 30 in in ADP _ 31 Africa case 31 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 29 lives obl 32 and and CCONJ _ 34 Asia cc 33 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 34 Asia amod 34 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 31 Africa conj 35 and and CCONJ _ 36 eats cc 36 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 29 lives conj 37 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 36 eats obj 38 . . PUNCT _ 18 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a rhino a large skinned animal with one horns on rhino's nose tree rules 2 live present rhino Africa and southern Asia vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location 3 eat present rhino not said here plants vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: UK, old slang — kept apart, not parsed.
«Rhino» once meant money, but this is rarely heard now.
punct nsubj punct advmod obj punct cc nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod conj advmod punct root « PUNCT Rhino PROPN » PUNCT once ADV meant VERB money NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ this PRON is AUX rarely ADV heard VERB now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Rhino punct 2 Rhino Rhino PROPN Number=Sing 5 meant nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Rhino punct 4 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 5 meant advmod 5 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 meant obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 heard punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 12 heard cc 9 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 12 heard nsubj:pass 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 heard aux:pass 11 rarely rarely ADV _ 12 heard advmod 12 heard hear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 meant conj 13 now now ADV PronType=Dem 12 heard advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean past Rhino money once property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Topic 2 hear present · passive this now rarely property vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
Example 1 The rhino has two horns on its nose.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET rhino NOUN has VERB two NUM horns NOUN on ADP its PRON nose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rhino det 2 rhino rhino NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 horns nummod 5 horns horn NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 nose case 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 nose nmod:poss 8 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 5 horns nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the rhino two horns rhino's nose vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient
Example 2 Rhinos roll in mud to cool off and protect their skin.
nsubj case obl mark advcl compound:prt cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Rhinos NOUN roll VERB in ADP mud NOUN to PART cool VERB off ADP and CCONJ protect VERB their PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rhinos rhino NOUN Number=Plur 2 roll nsubj 2 roll roll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 mud case 4 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 2 roll obl 5 to to PART _ 6 cool mark 6 cool cool VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 roll advcl 7 off off ADP _ 6 cool compound:prt 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 protect cc 9 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cool conj 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 skin nmod:poss 11 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 protect obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 roll punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roll present Rhinos mud vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mud=Trajectory 2 cool off to-infinitive Rhinos not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 protect infinitive Rhinos not said here Rhinos's skin vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Beneficiary
Example 3 Rhino horn is made of keratin, like your fingernails.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct case nmod:poss obl punct root Rhino PROPN horn NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP keratin NOUN , PUNCT like ADP your PRON fingernails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rhino Rhino PROPN Number=Sing 2 horn compound 2 horn horn NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 keratin case 6 keratin keratin NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 fingernails punct 8 like like ADP _ 10 fingernails case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 fingernails nmod:poss 10 fingernails fingernail NOUN Number=Plur 4 made obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Rhino horn of keratin; like your fingernails vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 4 Poachers hunt rhinos, so rangers guard them.
nsubj obj punct advmod nsubj conj obj punct root Poachers NOUN hunt VERB rhinos NOUN , PUNCT so ADV rangers NOUN guard VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Poachers poacher NOUN Number=Plur 2 hunt nsubj 2 hunt hunt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 rhinos rhino NOUN Number=Plur 2 hunt obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 guard punct 5 so so ADV _ 7 guard advmod 6 rangers ranger NOUN Number=Plur 7 guard nsubj 7 guard guard VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 hunt conj 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 guard obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 hunt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hunt present Poachers rhinos vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rhino=Theme 2 guard present rangers rhinos = rhino vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
Example 5 A baby rhino is called a calf.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root A DET baby NOUN rhino NOUN is AUX called VERB a DET calf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 rhino det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 rhino compound 3 rhino rhino NOUN Number=Sing 5 called nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 called aux:pass 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 calf det 7 calf calf NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive a baby rhino vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 6 The black rhino is not really black; it is grey.
det amod nsubj cop advmod advmod punct nsubj cop conj punct root The DET black ADJ rhino NOUN is AUX not PART really ADV black ADJ ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX grey ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rhino det 2 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rhino amod 3 rhino rhino NOUN Number=Sing 7 black nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 black cop 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 black advmod 6 really really ADV _ 7 black advmod 7 black black ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 grey punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 grey nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 grey cop 11 grey grey ADJ Degree=Pos 7 black conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 black punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present the black rhino black property tree rules 2 is present rhino grey property tree rules
Example 7 The rhino charged across the plain.
det acl case det obl punct root The DET rhino NOUN charged VERB across ADP the DET plain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rhino det 2 rhino rhino NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 charged charge VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 rhino acl 4 across across ADP _ 6 plain case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plain det 6 plain plain NOUN Number=Sing 3 charged obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 rhino punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 charge participle the rhino not said here the plain vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across plain=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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