risk Who acts: risk, something, that, Wearing, you, your · What happens: be, hurt, lose, happen, cause, risk · To what, where: chance, something, thing, harm, it, risk
«risk» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: risk in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A risk is the chance that something bad, like getting hurt or losing something, may happen.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det mark nsubj amod punct mark aux:pass parataxis cc conj obj punct aux acl punct root A DET risk NOUN is AUX the DET chance NOUN that SCONJ something PRON bad ADJ , PUNCT like SCONJ getting AUX hurt VERB or CCONJ losing VERB something PRON , PUNCT may AUX happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 risk det 2 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 5 chance nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 chance cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 chance det 5 chance chance NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that SCONJ _ 18 happen mark 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 18 happen nsubj 8 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 7 something amod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 hurt punct 10 like like SCONJ _ 12 hurt mark 11 getting get AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 hurt aux:pass 12 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 bad parataxis 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 losing cc 14 losing lose VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 hurt conj 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 losing obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 7 something punct 17 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 happen aux 18 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 chance acl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 chance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a risk the chance tree rules 2 hurt gerund · passive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» 3 lose gerund something vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 happen may something the chance not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A risk is a thing or situation that could cause harm.
det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj aux parataxis obj punct root A DET risk NOUN is AUX a DET thing NOUN or CCONJ situation NOUN that PRON could AUX cause VERB harm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 risk det 2 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 situation cc 7 situation situation NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 cause nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 cause aux 10 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 thing parataxis 11 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 10 cause obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a risk a thing or situation tree rules 2 cause could that harm vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient
Meaning 3 To risk something is to do something that could lead to losing or harming it.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj nsubj aux acl:relcl mark advcl cc conj obj punct root To PART risk VERB something PRON is AUX to PART do VERB something PRON that PRON could AUX lead VERB to SCONJ losing VERB or CCONJ harming VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 risk mark 2 risk risk VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 do advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 risk obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 do cop 5 to to PART _ 6 do mark 6 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 do obj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 lead nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 lead aux 10 lead lead VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 something acl:relcl 11 to to SCONJ _ 12 losing mark 12 losing lose VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 lead advcl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 harming cc 14 harming harm VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 losing conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 harming obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 risk to-infinitive something vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Pivot 2 is present do property tree rules 3 lead could vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 4 lose gerund vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 harm gerund it vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer
Meaning 4 To take a risk is to do something even though it may go wrong.
The tree, 14 words mark advcl det obj cop mark advcl obj advmod mark nsubj aux xcomp punct root To PART take VERB a DET risk NOUN is AUX to PART do VERB something PRON even ADV though SCONJ it PRON may AUX go VERB wrong ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 take mark 2 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 do advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 risk det 4 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 2 take obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 do cop 6 to to PART _ 7 do mark 7 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 go advcl 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 do obj 9 even even ADV _ 13 go advmod 10 though though SCONJ _ 13 go mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 go nsubj 12 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 go aux 13 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 14 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 13 go xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 13 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take to-infinitive a risk vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent risk=Theme 2 is present risk not said here do property tree rules 3 go may risk wrong property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Wearing a helmet lowers the risk of head injury.
csubj det obj det obj case compound nmod punct root Wearing VERB a DET helmet NOUN lowers VERB the DET risk NOUN of ADP head NOUN injury NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wearing wear VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 lowers csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 helmet det 3 helmet helmet NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wearing obj 4 lowers lower VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 risk det 6 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 4 lowers obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 injury case 8 head head NOUN Number=Sing 9 injury compound 9 injury injury NOUN Number=Sing 6 risk nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 lowers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear gerund a helmet vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme 2 lower present Wearing the risk of head injury vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent risk=Theme 3 risk head injury nom risk «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Swim at your own risk.
case nmod:poss amod obl punct root Swim VERB at ADP your PRON own ADJ risk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Swim swim VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 at at ADP _ 5 risk case 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 risk nmod:poss 4 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 5 risk amod 5 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 1 Swim obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Swim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim imperative you not said here your own risk vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at risk=Trajectory 2 risk your nom risk «state transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Don't take risks near cliffs.
aux advmod obj case obl punct root Do AUX n't PART take VERB risks NOUN near ADP cliffs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 take aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 take advmod 3 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 risks risk NOUN Number=Plur 3 take obj 5 near near ADP _ 6 cliffs case 6 cliffs cliff NOUN Number=Plur 3 take obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not take imperative · do-support you not said here risks cliffs vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent risk=Theme
Example 4 He risked his life to save the dog.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl det obj punct root He PRON risked VERB his PRON life NOUN to PART save VERB the DET dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 risked nsubj 2 risked risk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 life nmod:poss 4 life life NOUN Number=Sing 2 risked obj 5 to to PART _ 6 save mark 6 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 risked advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 dog det 8 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 6 save obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 risked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 risk past He his life vn risk-94-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Pivot 2 save to-infinitive He not said here the dog vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme
Example 5 Children near busy roads are at risk.
nsubj case amod nmod cop case punct root Children NOUN near ADP busy ADJ roads NOUN are AUX at ADP risk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 risk nsubj 2 near near ADP _ 4 roads case 3 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 roads amod 4 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 1 Children nmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 risk cop 6 at at ADP _ 7 risk case 7 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 risk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Children near busy roads risk tree rules
Example 6 Is this a high risk or a low risk?
cop nsubj det amod cc det amod conj punct root Is AUX this PRON a DET high ADJ risk NOUN or CCONJ a DET low ADJ risk NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 risk cop 2 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 risk nsubj 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 risk det 4 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 5 risk amod 5 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 9 risk cc 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 risk det 8 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 9 risk amod 9 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 5 risk conj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 risk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present this a high risk or a low risk tree rules
Example 7 It's worth the risk to try out for the team.
nsubj cop det obj mark acl compound:prt case det obl punct root It PRON 's AUX worth ADJ the DET risk NOUN to PART try VERB out ADP for ADP the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 worth nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 worth cop 3 worth worth ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 risk det 5 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing 3 worth obj 6 to to PART _ 7 try mark 7 try try VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 risk acl 8 out out ADP _ 7 try compound:prt 9 for for ADP _ 11 team case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 team det 11 team team NOUN Number=Sing 7 try obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 worth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It worth property tree rules 2 try out to-infinitive for the team vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for team=Attribute
Example 8 She didn't want to risk getting wet, so she took an umbrella.
The tree, 13 words nsubj aux advmod mark xcomp conj xcomp punct advmod nsubj parataxis det obj punct root She PRON did AUX n't PART want VERB to PART risk VERB getting VERB wet ADJ , PUNCT so ADV she PRON took VERB an DET umbrella NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 want nsubj 2 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 want aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 want advmod 4 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 risk mark 6 risk risk VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 want xcomp 7 getting get VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 risk conj 8 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 getting xcomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 took punct 10 so so ADV _ 12 took advmod 11 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 took nsubj 12 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 want parataxis 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 umbrella det 14 umbrella umbrella NOUN Number=Sing 12 took obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not want past · do-support She vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 risk not said to happen to-infinitive She not said here vn risk-94-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 3 get gerund She not said here wet property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 4 take past she a umbrella vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme
Example 9 It is a great risk, and to go is not wise.
nsubj cop det amod punct cc mark advcl cop advmod conj punct root It PRON is AUX a DET great ADJ risk NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ to PART go VERB is AUX not PART wise ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 risk nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 risk cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 risk det 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 risk amod 5 risk risk NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 12 wise punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 12 wise cc 8 to to PART _ 9 go mark 9 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 and advcl 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 wise cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 wise advmod 12 wise wise ADJ Degree=Pos 5 risk conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 risk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a great risk tree rules 2 go to-infinitive vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 not is present wise property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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