rome Who acts: Rome, centre, Colosseum, Ancient Rome, big things, We · What happens: be, rule, call, have, not build, mean · To what, where: capital city, centre, much, Several smaller towns, capital, huge army · Speech: someone speaks here
«rome» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rome in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Rome is the capital city of Italy.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Rome PROPN is AUX the DET capital ADJ city NOUN of ADP Italy PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 5 city nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 city cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 city det 4 capital capital ADJ Degree=Pos 5 city amod 5 city city NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 Italy case 7 Italy Italy PROPN Number=Sing 5 city nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 city punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Rome the capital city of Italy tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Rome was the centre of the ancient Roman Empire, which ruled much of Europe more than two thousand years ago.
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop det case det amod amod nmod punct nsubj acl:relcl obj case nmod advmod fixed compound nummod obl:unmarked advmod punct root Rome PROPN was AUX the DET centre NOUN of ADP the DET ancient ADJ Roman ADJ Empire PROPN , PUNCT which PRON ruled VERB much ADJ of ADP Europe PROPN more ADJ than ADP two NUM thousand NUM years NOUN ago ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 4 centre nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 centre cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 centre det 4 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 9 Empire case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Empire det 7 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Empire amod 8 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Empire amod 9 Empire Empire PROPN Number=Sing 4 centre nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 ruled punct 11 which which PRON PronType=Rel 12 ruled nsubj 12 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 centre acl:relcl 13 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 12 ruled obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 Europe case 15 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 13 much nmod 16 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 19 thousand advmod 17 than than ADP _ 16 more fixed 18 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 19 thousand compound 19 thousand thousand NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 20 years nummod 20 years year NOUN Number=Plur 21 ago obl:unmarked 21 ago ago ADV _ 12 ruled advmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 centre punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Rome the centre of the ancient Roman Empire tree rules 2 rule past the centre much of Europe ago property vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme
Meaning 3 Several smaller towns, for example in the USA, are also called Rome.
The tree, 12 words amod amod obl punct case nmod case det nmod punct aux:pass advmod xcomp punct root Several ADJ smaller ADJ towns NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN in ADP the DET USA PROPN , PUNCT are AUX also ADV called VERB Rome PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Several several ADJ Degree=Pos 3 towns amod 2 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 towns amod 3 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 13 called obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 example punct 5 for for ADP _ 6 example case 6 example example NOUN Number=Sing 3 towns nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 USA case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 USA det 9 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 6 example nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 3 towns punct 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 called aux:pass 12 also also ADV _ 13 called advmod 13 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 14 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 13 called xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 13 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive Several smaller towns for example in the USA vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»
Example 1 Rome is the capital of Italy.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Rome PROPN is AUX the DET capital NOUN of ADP Italy PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 4 capital nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 capital cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 capital det 4 capital capital NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 Italy case 6 Italy Italy PROPN Number=Sing 4 capital nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 capital punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Rome the capital of Italy tree rules
Example 2 The Colosseum in Rome is almost two thousand years old.
det nsubj case nmod cop advmod compound nummod obl:unmarked punct root The DET Colosseum PROPN in ADP Rome PROPN is AUX almost ADV two NUM thousand NUM years NOUN old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Colosseum det 2 Colosseum Colosseum PROPN Number=Sing 10 old nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 4 Rome case 4 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 2 Colosseum nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 old cop 6 almost almost ADV _ 8 thousand advmod 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 thousand compound 8 thousand thousand NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 years nummod 9 years year NOUN Number=Plur 10 old obl:unmarked 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 old punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Colosseum in Rome year old property tree rules
Example 3 Ancient Rome had a huge army.
amod nsubj det amod obj punct root Ancient ADJ Rome PROPN had VERB a DET huge ADJ army NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Rome amod 2 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 army det 5 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 6 army amod 6 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Ancient Rome a huge army vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Patient
Example 4 «Rome wasn't built in a day» means big things take time.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod nsubj case det obl punct amod nsubj ccomp obj punct root « PUNCT Rome PROPN was AUX n't PART built VERB in ADP a DET day NOUN » PUNCT means VERB big ADJ things NOUN take VERB time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 built punct 2 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 5 built nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 built aux:pass 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 built advmod 5 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 means nsubj 6 in in ADP _ 8 day case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 day det 8 day day NOUN Number=Sing 5 built obl 9 » » PUNCT _ 5 built punct 10 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 12 things amod 12 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 13 take nsubj 13 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 means ccomp 14 time time NOUN Number=Sing 13 take obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not build in a quote past · passive Rome day vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 take present big things time vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 5 We learned about the gods of ancient Rome.
nsubj case det obl case amod nmod punct root We PRON learned VERB about ADP the DET gods NOUN of ADP ancient ADJ Rome PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 gods case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gods det 5 gods god NOUN Number=Plur 2 learned obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 Rome case 7 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 8 Rome amod 8 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 5 gods nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We about the gods of ancient Rome vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about god=Topic
Example 6 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
advmod case obl punct mark det nsubj advcl punct root When ADV in ADP Rome PROPN , PUNCT do VERB as SCONJ the DET Romans PROPN do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 5 do advmod 2 in in ADP _ 3 Rome case 3 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 5 do obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 Rome punct 5 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 as as SCONJ _ 9 do mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Romans det 8 Romans Roman PROPN Number=Plur 9 do nsubj 9 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 do advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present Rome vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 do present the Romans vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 "I come from Rome," said the Moon.
punct nsubj ccomp case obl punct punct det nsubj punct root " PUNCT I PRON come VERB from ADP Rome PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET Moon PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 come punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 come nsubj 3 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 said ccomp 4 from from ADP _ 5 Rome case 5 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 3 come obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 come punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 3 come punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Moon det 10 Moon Moon PROPN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote present the Moon = moon Rome vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from rome=Initial_Location 2 say speech: assert past the Moon vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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