ruin Who acts: it, rain, ruin, old building, you, We · What happens: ruin, mean, damage, spoil, be, leave · To what, where: something, it, picnic, town, money, ending · Speech: someone speaks here
«ruin» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ruin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To ruin something means to damage or spoil it so badly that it is no good any more: rain ruined the picnic.
The tree, 22 words mark csubj obj mark xcomp cc conj obj advmod advmod mark nsubj cop det advcl advmod advmod punct nsubj conj det obj punct root To PART ruin VERB something PRON means VERB to PART damage VERB or CCONJ spoil VERB it PRON so ADV badly ADV that SCONJ it PRON is AUX no DET good ADJ any ADV more ADV : PUNCT rain NOUN ruined VERB the DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ruin mark 2 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ruin obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 damage mark 6 damage damage VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 spoil cc 8 spoil spoil VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 damage conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 spoil obj 10 so so ADV _ 11 badly advmod 11 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 8 spoil advmod 12 that that SCONJ _ 16 good mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 good nsubj 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 good cop 15 no no DET PronType=Neg 16 good det 16 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 8 spoil advcl 17 any any ADV _ 18 more advmod 18 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 8 spoil advmod 19 : : PUNCT _ 21 ruined punct 20 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 21 ruined nsubj 21 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 means conj 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 picnic det 23 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 21 ruined obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin to-infinitive something vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 damage not said to happen to-infinitive vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 spoil infinitive it badly property tree rules 5 is present it good property tree rules 6 ruin past rain the picnic vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A ruin is what is left of an old building that has fallen down, or the ruins of a town.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop aux:pass acl:relcl case det amod obl nsubj aux acl:relcl compound:prt punct cc det appos case det nmod punct root A DET ruin NOUN is AUX what PRON is AUX left VERB of ADP an DET old ADJ building NOUN that PRON has AUX fallen VERB down ADP , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET ruins NOUN of ADP a DET town NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ruin det 2 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 4 what nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 what cop 4 what what PRON PronType=Int root root 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 left aux:pass 6 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 what acl:relcl 7 of of ADP _ 10 building case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 building det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 building amod 10 building building NOUN Number=Sing 6 left obl 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 fallen nsubj 12 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 fallen aux 13 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 10 building acl:relcl 14 down down ADP _ 13 fallen compound:prt 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 ruins punct 16 or or CCONJ _ 18 ruins cc 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 ruins det 18 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 4 what appos 19 of of ADP _ 21 town case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 town det 21 town town NOUN Number=Sing 18 ruins nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 what punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ruin tree rules 2 leave present · passive of a old building vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: of building=Initial_Location 3 fall down present · perfect a old building vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 ruin a town nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Ruin can mean losing all your money: the business faced ruin.
nsubj aux xcomp det:predet nmod:poss obj punct det compound amod obl punct root Ruin NOUN can AUX mean VERB losing VERB all DET your PRON money NOUN : PUNCT the DET business NOUN faced ADJ ruin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 losing lose VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 mean xcomp 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 money det:predet 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 money nmod:poss 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 losing obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 12 ruin punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 ruin det 10 business business NOUN Number=Sing 12 ruin compound 11 faced faced ADJ Degree=Pos 12 ruin amod 12 ruin ruin NOUN Number=Sing 4 losing obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Ruin vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 lose not said to happen gerund Ruin not said here your money the business faced ruin obl vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Eventuality
Example 1 The rain ruined our picnic.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET rain NOUN ruined VERB our PRON picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rain det 2 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined nsubj 3 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 picnic nmod:poss 5 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin past the rain our picnic vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
Example 2 Don't tell me the ending — you'll ruin the book!
aux advmod iobj det obj punct nsubj aux conj det obj punct root Do AUX n't PART tell VERB me PRON the DET ending NOUN — PUNCT you PRON 'll AUX ruin VERB the DET book NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 tell aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 tell advmod 3 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 tell iobj 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ending det 6 ending ending NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obj 7 — - PUNCT _ 10 ruin punct 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 ruin nsubj 9 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 ruin aux 10 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 tell conj 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 book det 12 book book NOUN Number=Sing 10 ruin obj 13 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tell speech: assert imperative · do-support you not said here the ending me vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient ending=Topic 2 ruin future you the book vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient
Example 3 We explored the ruins of an old castle.
nsubj det obj case det amod nmod punct root We PRON explored VERB the DET ruins NOUN of ADP an DET old ADJ castle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 explored nsubj 2 explored explore VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ruins det 4 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 2 explored obj 5 of of ADP _ 8 castle case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 castle det 7 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 castle amod 8 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruins nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 explored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explore past We the ruins of a old castle vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent ruin=Location 2 ruin a old castle nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 The city was left in ruins after the earthquake.
det nsubj aux:pass case obl case det obl punct root The DET city NOUN was AUX left VERB in ADP ruins NOUN after ADP the DET earthquake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 city det 2 city city NOUN Number=Sing 4 left nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 left aux:pass 4 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 ruins case 6 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 4 left obl 7 after after ADP _ 9 earthquake case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 earthquake det 9 earthquake earthquake NOUN Number=Sing 4 left obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past · passive the city ruins after the earthquake vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in ruin=Location
Example 5 Spilling juice ruined my drawing.
amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Spilling VERB juice NOUN ruined VERB my PRON drawing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spilling spill VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 juice amod 2 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined nsubj 3 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 drawing nmod:poss 5 drawing drawing NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruined obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spill gerund vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 ruin past Spilling juice my drawing vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument drawing=Patient 3 draw my nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Romans built the fort, and now only ruins remain.
nsubj det obj punct cc advmod advmod nsubj conj punct root Romans PROPN built VERB the DET fort NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ now ADV only ADV ruins NOUN remain VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Romans Roman PROPN Number=Plur 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 fort det 4 fort fort NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 remain punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 10 remain cc 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 10 remain advmod 8 only only ADV _ 9 ruins advmod 9 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur 10 remain nsubj 10 remain remain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 built conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past Romans the fort vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fort=Product 2 remain present ruins now vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Too much salt can ruin the soup.
advmod amod nsubj aux det obj punct root Too ADV much ADJ salt NOUN can AUX ruin VERB the DET soup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 salt amod 3 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 5 ruin nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 ruin aux 5 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 soup det 7 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 5 ruin obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 ruin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin can much salt the soup vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soup=Patient
Example 8 My little brother ruined the surprise by telling Mum.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det obj mark advcl iobj punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN ruined VERB the DET surprise NOUN by SCONJ telling VERB Mum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruined nsubj 4 ruined ruin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 surprise det 6 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 4 ruined obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 telling mark 8 telling tell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 ruined advcl 9 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 8 telling iobj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 ruined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ruin past My little brother the surprise vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surprise=Patient 2 tell speech: assert gerund My little brother not said here Mum vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mum=Recipient
Example 9 "It's enough to ruin one's nerves.
punct nsubj cop mark advcl obj case conj punct root " PUNCT It PRON 's AUX enough ADJ to PART ruin VERB one PRON 's PART nerves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 enough punct 2 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 enough nsubj 3 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 enough cop 4 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 ruin mark 6 ruin ruin VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 enough advcl 7 one one PRON Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 ruin obj 8 's 's PART _ 7 one case 9 nerves nerve NOUN Number=Plur 7 one conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 enough punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present It enough property tree rules 2 ruin in a quote to-infinitive one vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous ruggednext → ruinous↑ back to R in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/ruin/