rule Who acts: rule, game, something, pattern, player, you · What happens: tell, do, rule, get, change, be · To what, where: school rules, maths, next number, input, charge, queen · Speech: someone speaks here
«rule» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rule in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A rule tells what must or should be done: school rules, the rules of a game.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj obj aux cc aux aux:pass ccomp punct compound obl punct det nmod case det nmod punct root A DET rule NOUN tells VERB what PRON must AUX or CCONJ should AUX be AUX done VERB : PUNCT school NOUN rules NOUN , PUNCT the DET rules NOUN of ADP a DET game NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 rule det 2 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 3 tells nsubj 3 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 what what PRON PronType=Int 9 done obj 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 done aux 6 or or CCONJ _ 9 done cc 7 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 done aux 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 done aux:pass 9 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 tells ccomp 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 rules punct 11 school school NOUN Number=Sing 12 rules compound 12 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 3 tells obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 rules punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 rules det 15 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 12 rules nmod 16 of of ADP _ 18 game case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 game det 18 game game NOUN Number=Sing 15 rules nmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 tells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert present a rule school rules the rules of a game vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do should · passive vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: what=Eventuality 3 rule a game nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In maths, a rule tells how to get the next number, or how to change an input to an output.
The tree, 20 words case obl punct det nsubj advmod mark xcomp det amod obj punct cc advmod mark parataxis det obj case det obl punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT a DET rule NOUN tells VERB how ADV to PART get VERB the DET next ADJ number NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ how ADV to PART change VERB an DET input NOUN to ADP an DET output NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 6 tells obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 maths punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rule det 5 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 6 tells nsubj 6 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 get advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 get mark 9 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 tells xcomp 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 number det 11 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 12 number amod 12 number number NOUN Number=Sing 9 get obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 change punct 14 or or CCONJ _ 17 change cc 15 how how ADV PronType=Int 17 change advmod 16 to to PART _ 17 change mark 17 change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 tells parataxis 18 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 input det 19 input input NOUN Number=Sing 17 change obj 20 to to ADP _ 22 output case 21 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 output det 22 output output NOUN Number=Sing 17 change obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 6 tells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert present a rule maths vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 get not said to happen to-infinitive a rule not said here the next number vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer number=Stimulus 3 change to-infinitive a input to a output vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent input=Patient
Meaning 3 To rule is to be in charge of a country: the queen ruled for years.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl cop mark cop case case det nmod punct det conj acl case obl punct root To PART rule VERB is AUX to PART be AUX in ADP charge NOUN of ADP a DET country NOUN : PUNCT the DET queen NOUN ruled VERB for ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 rule mark 2 rule rule VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 charge advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 charge cop 4 to to PART _ 7 charge mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 charge cop 6 in in ADP _ 7 charge case 7 charge charge NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 country case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 country det 10 country country NOUN Number=Sing 7 charge nmod 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 queen punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 queen det 13 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 7 charge conj 14 ruled rule VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 queen acl 15 for for ADP _ 16 years case 16 years year NOUN Number=Plur 14 ruled obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 charge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule to-infinitive vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is present charge and the queen of a country tree rules 3 rule participle the queen not said here year vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 To rule a line is to draw it with a ruler.
mark advcl det obj cop mark obj case det obl punct root To PART rule VERB a DET line NOUN is AUX to PART draw VERB it PRON with ADP a DET ruler NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 rule mark 2 rule rule VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 draw advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 line det 4 line line NOUN Number=Sing 2 rule obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 draw cop 6 to to PART _ 7 draw mark 7 draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 draw obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 ruler case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 ruler det 11 ruler ruler NOUN Number=Sing 7 draw obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule to-infinitive a line vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme 2 is present with a ruler; draw property tree rules
Meaning 5 «As a rule» means usually.
punct case det nsubj punct advmod punct root « PUNCT As ADP a DET rule NOUN » PUNCT means VERB usually ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 rule punct 2 As as ADP _ 4 rule case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rule det 4 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 rule punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 usually usually ADV _ 6 means advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present a rule usually property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 6 To rule out is to decide that something is not possible.
mark advcl compound:prt cop mark mark nsubj cop advmod advcl punct root To PART rule VERB out ADP is AUX to PART decide VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX not PART possible ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 rule mark 2 rule rule VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 decide advcl 3 out out ADP _ 2 rule compound:prt 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 decide cop 5 to to PART _ 6 decide mark 6 decide decide VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 that that SCONJ _ 11 possible mark 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 possible nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 possible cop 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 possible advmod 11 possible possible ADJ Degree=Pos 6 decide advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 decide punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule out to-infinitive vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is present decide property tree rules 3 not is present something possible property tree rules
Example 1 The rule is «add 4»: 3, 7, 11, …
The tree, 8 words det nsubj cop punct obj punct punct parataxis punct flat punct nmod punct punct root The DET rule NOUN is AUX « PUNCT add VERB 4 NUM » PUNCT : PUNCT 3 NUM , PUNCT 7 NUM , PUNCT 11 NUM , PUNCT … PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rule det 2 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 5 add nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 add cop 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 add punct 5 add add VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 add obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 5 add punct 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 3 punct 9 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 add parataxis 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 7 punct 11 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 3 flat 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 11 punct 13 11 11 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 3 nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 13 11 punct 15 … … PUNCT _ 5 add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present the rule add property tree rules
Example 2 What is the rule of the pattern?
cop det nsubj case det nmod punct root What PRON is AUX the DET rule NOUN of ADP the DET pattern NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 rule det 4 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 7 pattern case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pattern det 7 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 4 rule nmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the rule of the pattern tree rules 2 rule the pattern nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Example 3 By the rules, each player gets 5 cards.
case det obl punct det nsubj nummod obj punct root By ADP the DET rules NOUN , PUNCT each DET player NOUN gets VERB 5 NUM cards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 3 rules case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rules det 3 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 7 gets obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 rules punct 5 each each DET PronType=Tot 6 player det 6 player player NOUN Number=Sing 7 gets nsubj 7 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 cards nummod 9 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 7 gets obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present each player 5 cards by the rules vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer card=Stimulus
Example 4 Use the rule to find the 10th number.
det obj mark acl det amod obj punct root Use VERB the DET rule NOUN to PART find VERB the DET 10th ADJ number NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rule det 3 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 4 to to PART _ 5 find mark 5 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 rule acl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 number det 7 10th 10th ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord 8 number amod 8 number number NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here the rule vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient 2 find to-infinitive you not said here the 10th number vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic
Example 5 Rule a line under the title.
det obj case det obl punct root Rule VERB a DET line NOUN under ADP the DET title NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rule rule VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 line det 3 line line NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rule obj 4 under under ADP _ 6 title case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 title det 6 title title NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rule obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule imperative you not said here a line the title vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme
Example 6 Our class rule is to listen when someone is speaking.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop mark advmod nsubj aux advcl punct root Our PRON class NOUN rule NOUN is AUX to PART listen VERB when ADV someone PRON is AUX speaking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 rule nmod:poss 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 rule compound 3 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 6 listen nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 listen cop 5 to to PART _ 6 listen mark 6 listen listen VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 speaking advmod 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 speaking nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 speaking aux 10 speaking speak VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 listen advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 listen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Our class rule listen property tree rules 2 speak speech: other present · progressive someone vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 rule Our nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 The queen ruled the country for a long time.
det nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root The DET queen NOUN ruled VERB the DET country NOUN for ADP a DET long ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 queen det 2 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled nsubj 3 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 country det 5 country country NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled obj 6 for for ADP _ 9 time case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 time det 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 time amod 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule past the queen the country time vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Theme
Example 8 As a rule, we eat dinner at six.
case det obl punct nsubj obj case obl punct root As ADP a DET rule NOUN , PUNCT we PRON eat VERB dinner NOUN at ADP six NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 rule case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 rule det 3 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 6 eat obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 rule punct 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 eat nsubj 6 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 6 eat obj 8 at at ADP _ 9 six case 9 six six NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 eat obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present we dinner six as a rule vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinner=Patient
Example 9 The doctor ruled out a broken arm.
det nsubj compound:prt det amod obj punct root The DET doctor NOUN ruled VERB out ADP a DET broken VERB arm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled nsubj 3 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 ruled compound:prt 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 arm det 6 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 arm amod 7 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 3 ruled obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 ruled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule out past the doctor a broken arm vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 10 As a rule they are either fools or swindlers!
case det nsubj cop cc:preconj appos cc conj punct root As ADP a DET rule NOUN they PRON are AUX either CCONJ fools NOUN or CCONJ swindlers NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 rule case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 rule det 3 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 fools nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 fools cop 6 either either CCONJ _ 7 fools cc:preconj 7 fools fool NOUN Number=Plur 3 rule appos 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 swindlers cc 9 swindlers swindler NOUN Number=Plur 7 fools conj 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present they fools or swindlers tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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