ruminate

Who acts: cows, He, you, Sheep, She · What happens: think, keep, go, bring, chew, call · To what, where: same worries, food, stomach, cud, field, truth · Speech: someone speaks here

«ruminate» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ruminate in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To think deeply about something for a long time.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 think	mark
2	think	think	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	deeply	deeply	ADV	_	2 think	advmod
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 something	case
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 think	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	9 time	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 time	det
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 time	amod
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 something	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	to-infinitive						about something; deeply property	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about something=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: negative — kept apart, not parsed.

To keep going over the same worries again and again.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 keep	mark
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 keep	xcomp
4	over	over	ADP	_	7 worries	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 worries	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 worries	amod
7	worries	worry	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 going	obl
8	again	again	ADV	_	3 going	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 again	cc
10	again	again	ADV	_	8 again	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	to-infinitive							tree rules
2	go	gerund				the same worries	again		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over worry=Initial_Location

Meaning 3

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

Of cows, sheep and goats: to bring food back up from the stomach and chew it again, called chewing the cud.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	2 cows	case
2	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 called	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 sheep	punct
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cows	conj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 goats	cc
6	goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cows	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 bring	punct
8	to	to	PART	_	9 bring	mark
9	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 cows	conj
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bring	obj
11	back	back	ADV	_	12 up	advmod
12	up	up	ADV	_	9 bring	advmod
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 stomach	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 stomach	det
15	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bring	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 chew	cc
17	chew	chew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bring	conj
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 chew	obj
19	again	again	ADV	_	17 chew	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 cows	punct
21	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
22	chewing	chew	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	21 called	xcomp
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 cud	det
24	cud	cud	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 chewing	obj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	to-infinitive	food	the stomach			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent food=Theme from stomach=Initial_Location
2	chew	present	food		again		vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	call	participle				of cows and sheep and goats	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	chew	gerund	the cud				vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cud=Patient

Example 1

The cows lay in the field, ruminating.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cows	det
2	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lay	nsubj
3	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 field	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 field	det
6	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lay	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ruminating	punct
8	ruminating	ruminate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 lay	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	the cows			the field			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in field=Destination
2	ruminate	gerund	the cows not said here						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 2

He ruminated on the riddle all evening.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ruminated	nsubj
2	ruminated	ruminate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 riddle	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 riddle	det
5	riddle	riddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ruminated	obl
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 evening	det
7	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ruminated	obl:unmarked
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ruminated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ruminate	past	He				evening	on the riddle	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on riddle=Topic

Example 3

Try not to ruminate about one bad mark.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Try	try	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 ruminate	advmod
3	to	to	PART	_	4 ruminate	mark
4	ruminate	ruminate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Try	xcomp
5	about	about	ADP	_	8 mark	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 mark	nummod
7	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 mark	amod
8	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ruminate	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Try	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	imperative	you not said here						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	not ruminate not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here					about one bad mark	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about mark=Topic

Example 4

Sheep and goats ruminate their food.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 ruminate	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 goats	cc
3	goats	goat	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Sheep	conj
4	ruminate	ruminate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 food	nmod:poss
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ruminate	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 ruminate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ruminate	present	Sheep and goats	Sheep's food					tree rules

Example 5

She ruminated over whether to tell the truth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ruminated	nsubj
2	ruminated	ruminate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	over	over	SCONJ	_	6 tell	mark
4	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	6 tell	mark
5	to	to	PART	_	6 tell	mark
6	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 ruminated	ccomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 truth	det
8	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tell	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ruminated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ruminate	past	She						tree rules
2	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive	She not said here	the truth					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient

Example 6

The old wizard ruminated by the fire.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wizard	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 wizard	amod
3	wizard	wizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	ruminated	ruminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 wizard	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 fire	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fire	det
7	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ruminated	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 wizard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ruminate	participle		the old wizard not said here				by the fire	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/ruminate/