rumbling Who acts: Rumbling, big truck, Rumbling sound, you, Rumblings, people · What happens: make, pass, rumble, be, come, hear · To what, where: long deep low sound, Rumbling sound, early signs, lunch, thunder, bridge
«rumbling» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rumbling in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Rumbling is making a long, deep, low sound, like thunder far away or a big truck passing.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux det amod punct amod punct amod obj punct case parataxis advmod advmod cc det amod conj acl punct root Rumbling NOUN is AUX making VERB a DET long ADJ , PUNCT deep ADJ , PUNCT low ADJ sound NOUN , PUNCT like ADP thunder NOUN far ADV away ADV or CCONJ a DET big ADJ truck NOUN passing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rumbling rumbling NOUN Number=Sing 3 making nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 making aux 3 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 sound det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 10 sound amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 long punct 7 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 10 sound amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 deep punct 9 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 10 sound amod 10 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 3 making obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 thunder punct 12 like like ADP _ 13 thunder case 13 thunder thunder NOUN Number=Sing 3 making parataxis 14 far far ADV Degree=Pos 15 away advmod 15 away away ADV _ 13 thunder advmod 16 or or CCONJ _ 19 truck cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 truck det 18 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 19 truck amod 19 truck truck NOUN Number=Sing 13 thunder conj 20 passing pass VERB VerbForm=Ger 19 truck acl 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 making punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · progressive Rumbling a long deep low sound vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product 2 pass gerund a big truck not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Rumbling is the sound your tummy makes when you are hungry.
amod cop det nsubj nmod:poss nsubj mark nsubj cop xcomp punct root Rumbling VERB is AUX the DET sound NOUN your PRON tummy NOUN makes VERB when SCONJ you PRON are AUX hungry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rumbling rumble VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 sound amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sound cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sound det 4 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 7 makes nsubj 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 tummy nmod:poss 6 tummy tummy NOUN Number=Sing 7 makes nsubj 7 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 when when SCONJ _ 11 hungry mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 hungry nsubj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 hungry cop 11 hungry hungry ADJ Degree=Pos 7 makes xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rumble gerund vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present the Rumbling sound tree rules 3 make present the Rumbling sound vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 4 is present you hungry property tree rules
Meaning 3 Rumblings are early signs that people are unhappy or that trouble is coming.
nsubj cop amod mark nsubj cop advcl cc mark nsubj aux conj punct root Rumblings NOUN are AUX early ADJ signs NOUN that SCONJ people NOUN are AUX unhappy ADJ or CCONJ that SCONJ trouble NOUN is AUX coming VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rumblings rumbling NOUN Number=Plur 4 signs nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 signs cop 3 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 4 signs amod 4 signs sign NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 unhappy mark 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 unhappy nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 unhappy cop 8 unhappy unhappy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 signs advcl 9 or or CCONJ _ 13 coming cc 10 that that SCONJ _ 13 coming mark 11 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 13 coming nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 coming aux 13 coming come VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 unhappy conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 signs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Rumblings early signs tree rules 2 is present people unhappy property tree rules 3 come present · progressive trouble vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 My tummy was rumbling before lunch.
nmod:poss nsubj aux case obl punct root My PRON tummy NOUN was AUX rumbling VERB before ADP lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 tummy nmod:poss 2 tummy tummy NOUN Number=Sing 4 rumbling nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rumbling aux 4 rumbling rumble VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 before before ADP _ 6 lunch case 6 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 4 rumbling obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 rumbling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rumble past · progressive My tummy lunch vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before lunch=Location
Example 2 We heard thunder rumbling in the distance.
nsubj obj acl case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB thunder NOUN rumbling VERB in ADP the DET distance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 thunder thunder NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 4 rumbling rumble VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 thunder acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 distance case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 distance det 7 distance distance NOUN Number=Sing 4 rumbling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We thunder vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thunder=Stimulus 2 rumble gerund thunder not said here in the distance vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in distance=Location
Example 3 A train went rumbling over the bridge.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root A DET train NOUN went VERB rumbling VERB over ADP the DET bridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 train det 2 train train NOUN Number=Sing 3 went nsubj 3 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 rumbling rumble VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 went xcomp 5 over over ADP _ 7 bridge case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bridge det 7 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 4 rumbling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past a train vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 rumble gerund a train not said here the bridge vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over bridge=Location
Example 4 The volcano had been rumbling for days.
det nsubj aux aux case obl punct root The DET volcano NOUN had AUX been AUX rumbling VERB for ADP days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 volcano det 2 volcano volcano NOUN Number=Sing 5 rumbling nsubj 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 rumbling aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 rumbling aux 5 rumbling rumble VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 for for ADP _ 7 days case 7 days day NOUN Number=Plur 5 rumbling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 rumbling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rumble past · perfect · progressive the volcano day vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The rumbling of the trucks woke the baby.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj punct root The DET rumbling NOUN of ADP the DET trucks NOUN woke VERB the DET baby NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rumbling det 2 rumbling rumbling NOUN Number=Sing 6 woke nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 trucks case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trucks det 5 trucks truck NOUN Number=Plur 2 rumbling nmod 6 woke wake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 baby det 8 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 6 woke obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 woke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wake past the rumbling of the trucks the baby vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent baby=Patient 2 rumble the trucks nom rumbling «event intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 There were rumblings of anger among the players.
expl nsubj case nmod case det obl punct root There PRON were VERB rumblings NOUN of ADP anger NOUN among ADP the DET players NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 were expl 2 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 rumblings rumbling NOUN Number=Plur 2 were nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 anger case 5 anger anger NOUN Number=Sing 3 rumblings nmod 6 among among ADP _ 8 players case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 players det 8 players player NOUN Number=Plur 2 were obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past rumblings of anger the players; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among player=Location 2 rumble anger nom rumbling «event intransitive»: of=agent
Example 7 The ground started rumbling and the dog barked.
det nsubj xcomp cc det nsubj conj punct root The DET ground NOUN started VERB rumbling VERB and CCONJ the DET dog NOUN barked VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ground det 2 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 started nsubj 3 started start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 rumbling rumble VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 started xcomp 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 barked cc 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 dog det 7 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 8 barked nsubj 8 barked bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 started conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 started punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start past the ground vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 rumble gerund the ground not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 bark past the dog vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The old washing machine was rumbling loudly.
det amod compound nsubj aux advmod punct root The DET old ADJ washing NOUN machine NOUN was AUX rumbling VERB loudly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 machine det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 machine amod 3 washing washing NOUN Number=Sing 4 machine compound 4 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 6 rumbling nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 rumbling aux 6 rumbling rumble VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 7 loudly loudly ADV _ 6 rumbling advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 rumbling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rumble past · progressive the old washing machine loudly property vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 Every now and then a dull rumbling was heard.
det advmod cc advmod det amod nsubj aux:pass punct root Every DET now ADV and CCONJ then ADV a DET dull ADJ rumbling NOUN was AUX heard VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 9 heard det 2 now now ADV PronType=Dem 9 heard advmod 3 and and CCONJ _ 9 heard cc 4 then then ADV PronType=Dem 9 heard advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 rumbling det 6 dull dull ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rumbling amod 7 rumbling rumbling NOUN Number=Sing 9 heard nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 heard aux:pass 9 heard hear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past · passive a dull rumbling now; then vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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