sabre Who acts: sabre, fencing, Sabre rattling, toothed cat, cavalry officer, She · What happens: be, curve, use, score, hit, sport · To what, where: heavy sword, horseback, one, sport, points, force
«sabre» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sabre in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A sabre is a heavy sword with a curved blade and one sharp edge, once used by soldiers on horseback (cavalry).
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det amod case det amod nmod cc nummod amod conj punct advmod acl case obl case obl punct appos punct punct root A DET sabre NOUN is AUX a DET heavy ADJ sword NOUN with ADP a DET curved VERB blade NOUN and CCONJ one NUM sharp ADJ edge NOUN , PUNCT once ADV used VERB by ADP soldiers NOUN on ADP horseback NOUN ( PUNCT cavalry NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sabre det 2 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 6 sword nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sword cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sword det 5 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sword amod 6 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 10 blade case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 blade det 9 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 blade amod 10 blade blade NOUN Number=Sing 6 sword nmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 edge cc 12 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 14 edge nummod 13 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 14 edge amod 14 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 10 blade conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 used punct 16 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 17 used advmod 17 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 sword acl 18 by by ADP _ 19 soldiers case 19 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 17 used obl 20 on on ADP _ 21 horseback case 21 horseback horseback NOUN Number=Sing 17 used obl 22 ( ( PUNCT _ 23 cavalry punct 23 cavalry cavalry NOUN Number=Sing 21 horseback appos 24 ) ) PUNCT _ 23 cavalry punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 6 sword punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sabre a heavy sword with a curved blade and one sharp edge tree rules 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material 3 use participle a heavy sword not said here horseback by soldiers; once property vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In the sport of fencing, the sabre is one of three weapons (with foil and épée), and points are scored by hitting with the edge or the tip.
The tree, 28 words case det obl case nmod punct det nsubj cop case nummod nmod punct case appos cc conj punct punct cc nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis mark advcl case det obl cc det conj punct root In ADP the DET sport NOUN of ADP fencing NOUN , PUNCT the DET sabre NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP three NUM weapons NOUN ( PUNCT with ADP foil NOUN and CCONJ épée NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT and CCONJ points NOUN are AUX scored VERB by SCONJ hitting VERB with ADP the DET edge NOUN or CCONJ the DET tip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 sport case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sport det 3 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 10 one obl 4 of of ADP _ 5 fencing case 5 fencing fencing NOUN Number=Sing 3 sport nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 sport punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sabre det 8 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 10 one nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 one cop 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 11 of of ADP _ 13 weapons case 12 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 weapons nummod 13 weapons weapon NOUN Number=Plur 10 one nmod 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 foil punct 15 with with ADP _ 16 foil case 16 foil foil NOUN Number=Sing 13 weapons appos 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 épée cc 18 épée épée NOUN Number=Sing 16 foil conj 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 foil punct 20 , , PUNCT _ 24 scored punct 21 and and CCONJ _ 24 scored cc 22 points point NOUN Number=Plur 24 scored nsubj:pass 23 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 scored aux:pass 24 scored score VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 one parataxis 25 by by SCONJ _ 26 hitting mark 26 hitting hit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 24 scored advcl 27 with with ADP _ 29 edge case 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 edge det 29 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 26 hitting obl 30 or or CCONJ _ 32 tip cc 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 tip det 32 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 29 edge conj 33 . . PUNCT _ 10 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the sabre one the sport of fencing of three weapons tree rules 2 score present · passive points vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 hit gerund with the edge or the tip vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with edge=Instrument 4 sport fencing nom sport «act intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 3 «Sabre-rattling» means threatening to use force or war to scare others, without actually fighting.
The tree, 15 words punct compound punct nsubj punct xcomp mark xcomp obj cc conj mark advcl obj punct mark advmod advcl punct root « PUNCT Sabre NOUN - PUNCT rattling NOUN » PUNCT means VERB threatening VERB to PART use VERB force NOUN or CCONJ war NOUN to PART scare VERB others NOUN , PUNCT without SCONJ actually ADV fighting VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 rattling punct 2 Sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 4 rattling compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Sabre punct 4 rattling rattling NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 rattling punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 threatening threaten VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 means xcomp 8 to to PART _ 9 use mark 9 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 threatening xcomp 10 force force NOUN Number=Sing 9 use obj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 war cc 12 war war NOUN Number=Sing 10 force conj 13 to to PART _ 14 scare mark 14 scare scare VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 use advcl 15 others other NOUN Number=Plur 14 scare obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 fighting punct 17 without without SCONJ _ 19 fighting mark 18 actually actually ADV _ 19 fighting advmod 19 fighting fight VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 scare advcl 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Sabre rattling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 threaten not said to happen gerund Sabre rattling not said here tree rules 3 use not said to happen to-infinitive Sabre rattling not said here force or war vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient 4 scare to-infinitive Sabre rattling not said here others vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus other=Experiencer 5 fight gerund Sabre rattling not said here actually property vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 A sabre-toothed cat (sabre-toothed tiger) was an extinct big cat with two very long curved teeth.
The tree, 18 words det compound punct amod nsubj punct compound punct amod appos punct cop det amod amod case nummod advmod advmod amod nmod punct root A DET sabre NOUN - PUNCT toothed VERB cat NOUN ( PUNCT sabre NOUN - PUNCT toothed VERB tiger NOUN ) PUNCT was AUX an DET extinct ADJ big ADJ cat NOUN with ADP two NUM very ADV long ADV curved VERB teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cat det 2 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 4 toothed compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 sabre punct 4 toothed tooth VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 cat amod 5 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 16 cat nsubj 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 tiger punct 7 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 9 toothed compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 sabre punct 9 toothed tooth VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 tiger amod 10 tiger tiger NOUN Number=Sing 5 cat appos 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 tiger punct 12 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 cat cop 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 cat det 14 extinct extinct ADJ Degree=Pos 16 cat amod 15 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 16 cat amod 16 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing root root 17 with with ADP _ 22 teeth case 18 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 22 teeth nummod 19 very very ADV _ 20 long advmod 20 long long ADV Degree=Pos 21 curved advmod 21 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 22 teeth amod 22 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 16 cat nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 16 cat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tooth participle tree rules 2 tooth participle tree rules 3 is a past a toothed cat a extinct big cat with two curved teeth tree rules 4 curve participle long property vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
Example 1 The cavalry officer drew his sabre.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET cavalry NOUN officer NOUN drew VERB his PRON sabre NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 officer det 2 cavalry cavalry NOUN Number=Sing 3 officer compound 3 officer officer NOUN Number=Sing 4 drew nsubj 4 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 sabre nmod:poss 6 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 4 drew obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past the cavalry officer officer's sabre vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sabre=Theme
Example 2 Sabre is the fastest of the three fencing weapons.
nsubj cop det case det nummod compound obl punct root Sabre NOUN is AUX the DET fastest ADJ of ADP the DET three NUM fencing NOUN weapons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 4 fastest nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fastest cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 fastest det 4 fastest fast ADJ Degree=Sup root root 5 of of ADP _ 9 weapons case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 weapons det 7 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 weapons nummod 8 fencing fencing NOUN Number=Sing 9 weapons compound 9 weapons weapon NOUN Number=Plur 4 fastest obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 fastest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Sabre of the three fencing weapons; fast property tree rules
Example 3 The sabre-toothed cat had teeth as long as a ruler.
det compound punct amod nsubj obj advmod advmod case det obl punct root The DET sabre NOUN - PUNCT toothed VERB cat NOUN had VERB teeth NOUN as ADV long ADV as ADP a DET ruler NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cat det 2 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 4 toothed compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 sabre punct 4 toothed tooth VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 cat amod 5 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 6 had nsubj 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 6 had obj 8 as as ADV _ 9 long advmod 9 long long ADV Degree=Pos 6 had advmod 10 as as ADP _ 12 ruler case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 ruler det 12 ruler ruler NOUN Number=Sing 9 long obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tooth participle tree rules 2 have past the toothed cat teeth long property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient
Example 4 The two countries were accused of sabre-rattling.
det nummod nsubj aux:pass case compound punct obl punct root The DET two NUM countries NOUN were AUX accused VERB of ADP sabre NOUN - PUNCT rattling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 countries det 2 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 countries nummod 3 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 5 accused nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 accused aux:pass 5 accused accuse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 rattling case 7 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 9 rattling compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 sabre punct 9 rattling rattling NOUN Number=Sing 5 accused obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 accused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accuse past · passive the two countries of sabre rattling vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme of rattling=Attribute
Example 5 A sabre has a curved blade.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root A DET sabre NOUN has VERB a DET curved VERB blade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sabre det 2 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 blade det 5 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 blade amod 6 blade blade NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a sabre a curved blade vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Patient 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
Example 6 Fossils of sabre-toothed cats were found in tar pits.
nsubj:pass case compound punct amod nmod aux:pass case compound obl punct root Fossils NOUN of ADP sabre NOUN - PUNCT toothed VERB cats NOUN were AUX found VERB in ADP tar NOUN pits NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fossils fossil NOUN Number=Plur 8 found nsubj:pass 2 of of ADP _ 6 cats case 3 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 5 toothed compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 sabre punct 5 toothed tooth VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 cats amod 6 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 1 Fossils nmod 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 found aux:pass 8 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 in in ADP _ 11 pits case 10 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 11 pits compound 11 pits pit NOUN Number=Plur 8 found obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tooth participle tree rules 2 find past · passive Fossils of toothed cats tar pits vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
Example 7 She won a medal for sabre fencing.
nsubj det obj case compound obl punct root She PRON won VERB a DET medal NOUN for ADP sabre NOUN fencing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 won nsubj 2 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 medal det 4 medal medal NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 fencing case 6 sabre sabre NOUN Number=Sing 7 fencing compound 7 fencing fencing NOUN Number=Sing 2 won obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past She a medal for sabre fencing vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent medal=Theme for fencing=Beneficiary
Example 8 In «Star Wars» the Jedi fight with lightsabers.
case punct compound punct det compound appos case nmod punct root In ADP « PUNCT Star PROPN Wars PROPN » PUNCT the DET Jedi PROPN fight NOUN with ADP lightsabers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 Wars case 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 Wars punct 3 Star Star PROPN Number=Sing 4 Wars compound 4 Wars War PROPN Number=Plur root root 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 Wars punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 fight det 7 Jedi Jedi PROPN Number=Sing 8 fight compound 8 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 4 Wars appos 9 with with ADP _ 10 lightsabers case 10 lightsabers lightsaber NOUN Number=Plur 8 fight nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 Wars punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 9 In vain, however, for the robbers with their sabres soon killed him.
The tree, 12 words case obl punct advmod punct case det obl case nmod:poss nmod advmod obj punct root In ADP vain ADJ , PUNCT however ADV , PUNCT for ADP the DET robbers NOUN with ADP their PRON sabres NOUN soon ADV killed VERB him PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 vain case 2 vain vain ADJ Degree=Pos 13 killed obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 vain punct 4 however however ADV _ 13 killed advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 however punct 6 for for ADP _ 8 robbers case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 robbers det 8 robbers robber NOUN Number=Plur 13 killed obl 9 with with ADP _ 11 sabres case 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 sabres nmod:poss 11 sabres sabre NOUN Number=Plur 8 robbers nmod 12 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 13 killed advmod 13 killed kill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 14 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 killed obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 13 killed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kill past him = he vain for the robbers with robbers's sabres; however, soon property vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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