sandstorm Who acts: desert, camels, sandstorm, huge sandstorm, you, Sandstorms · What happens: lift, carry, cloud, rush, lay down, come · To what, where: clouds, air, sand, something, sky orange, windows · Speech: someone speaks here
«sandstorm» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sandstorm in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A strong wind in a desert that lifts and carries clouds of sand through the air.
The tree, 16 words det amod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl cc conj obj case nmod case det obl punct root A DET strong ADJ wind NOUN in ADP a DET desert NOUN that PRON lifts VERB and CCONJ carries VERB clouds NOUN of ADP sand NOUN through ADP the DET air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 wind det 2 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wind amod 3 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 desert case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 desert det 6 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 3 wind nmod 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 lifts nsubj 8 lifts lift VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 desert acl:relcl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 carries cc 10 carries carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 lifts conj 11 clouds cloud NOUN Number=Plur 10 carries obj 12 of of ADP _ 13 sand case 13 sand sand NOUN Number=Sing 11 clouds nmod 14 through through ADP _ 16 air case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 air det 16 air air NOUN Number=Sing 10 carries obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 wind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lift present a desert vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 carry present a desert not said here clouds of sand the air vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme 3 cloud sand nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
A wild confusing rush of something.
det amod amod case nmod punct root A DET wild ADJ confusing ADJ rush NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rush det 2 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 4 rush amod 3 confusing confusing ADJ Degree=Pos 4 rush amod 4 rush rush NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 rush nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 rush punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rush something nom rush «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 The camels lay down when the sandstorm came.
det nsubj advmod mark det nsubj advcl punct root The DET camels NOUN lay VERB down ADV when SCONJ the DET sandstorm NOUN came VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 camels det 2 camels camel NOUN Number=Plur 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 down down ADV _ 3 lay advmod 5 when when SCONJ _ 8 came mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sandstorm det 7 sandstorm sandstorm NOUN Number=Sing 8 came nsubj 8 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 lay advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay down present the camels down property vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 come past the sandstorm vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 A huge sandstorm turned the sky orange.
det amod nsubj det compound obj punct root A DET huge ADJ sandstorm NOUN turned VERB the DET sky NOUN orange NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 sandstorm det 2 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sandstorm amod 3 sandstorm sandstorm NOUN Number=Sing 4 turned nsubj 4 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 orange det 6 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 7 orange compound 7 orange orange NOUN Number=Sing 4 turned obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past a huge sandstorm the sky orange vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent orange=Theme
Example 3 Stay indoors during a sandstorm and close the windows.
advmod case det obl cc conj det obj punct root Stay VERB indoors ADV during ADP a DET sandstorm NOUN and CCONJ close VERB the DET windows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 indoors indoors ADV _ 1 Stay advmod 3 during during ADP _ 5 sandstorm case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sandstorm det 5 sandstorm sandstorm NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stay obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 close cc 7 close close VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Stay conj 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 windows det 9 windows window NOUN Number=Plur 7 close obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay imperative you not said here during a sandstorm indoors property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 close infinitive you not said here the windows vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent window=Patient
Example 4 Sandstorms can carry Sahara dust all the way to Britain.
nsubj aux compound obj det:predet det parataxis case nmod punct root Sandstorms NOUN can AUX carry VERB Sahara PROPN dust NOUN all DET the DET way NOUN to ADP Britain PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sandstorms sandstorm NOUN Number=Plur 3 carry nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 carry aux 3 carry carry VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 Sahara Sahara PROPN Number=Sing 5 dust compound 5 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 3 carry obj 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 way det:predet 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 way det 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 carry parataxis 9 to to ADP _ 10 Britain case 10 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 8 way nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry can Sandstorms Sahara dust vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dust=Theme
Example 5 The explorers waited in their tent until the sandstorm passed.
det nsubj case nmod:poss obl mark det nsubj advcl punct root The DET explorers NOUN waited VERB in ADP their PRON tent NOUN until SCONJ the DET sandstorm NOUN passed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 explorers det 2 explorers explorer NOUN Number=Plur 3 waited nsubj 3 waited wait VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 tent case 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 tent nmod:poss 6 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 3 waited obl 7 until until SCONJ _ 10 passed mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sandstorm det 9 sandstorm sandstorm NOUN Number=Sing 10 passed nsubj 10 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 waited advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 waited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wait past the explorers explorers's tent vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tent=Location 2 pass past the sandstorm vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Even on Mars there are giant sandstorms, called dust storms.
advmod case obl expl amod nsubj punct acl compound xcomp punct root Even ADV on ADP Mars PROPN there PRON are VERB giant ADJ sandstorms NOUN , PUNCT called VERB dust NOUN storms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Even even ADV _ 3 Mars advmod 2 on on ADP _ 3 Mars case 3 Mars Mars PROPN Number=Sing 5 are obl 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 5 are expl 5 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sandstorms amod 7 sandstorms sandstorm NOUN Number=Plur 5 are nsubj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 called punct 9 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 sandstorms acl 10 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 11 storms compound 11 storms storm NOUN Number=Plur 9 called xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present giant sandstorms Mars; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on mars=Location 2 call participle giant sandstorms not said here dust storms vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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