scaffolding Who acts: Scaffolding, workers, school scaffolding, teacher, start, step · What happens: be, put up, stand, build, mean, give · To what, where: frame, metal poles, building, Scaffolding, paint, extra help
«scaffolding» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scaffolding in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Scaffolding is a frame of metal poles and wooden boards put up against a building so workers can stand on it while they build, paint or repair.
The tree, 27 words nsubj cop det case compound nmod cc amod conj acl compound:prt case det obl mark nsubj aux advcl case obl mark nsubj advcl punct obj cc conj punct root Scaffolding NOUN is AUX a DET frame NOUN of ADP metal NOUN poles NOUN and CCONJ wooden ADJ boards NOUN put VERB up ADP against ADP a DET building NOUN so SCONJ workers NOUN can AUX stand VERB on ADP it PRON while SCONJ they PRON build VERB , PUNCT paint NOUN or CCONJ repair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 4 frame nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 frame cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 frame det 4 frame frame NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 poles case 6 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 7 poles compound 7 poles pole NOUN Number=Plur 4 frame nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 boards cc 9 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 10 boards amod 10 boards board NOUN Number=Plur 7 poles conj 11 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 poles acl 12 up up ADP _ 11 put compound:prt 13 against against ADP _ 15 building case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 building det 15 building building NOUN Number=Sing 11 put obl 16 so so SCONJ _ 19 stand mark 17 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 19 stand nsubj 18 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 stand aux 19 stand stand VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 put advcl 20 on on ADP _ 21 it case 21 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 stand obl 22 while while SCONJ _ 24 build mark 23 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 build nsubj 24 build build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 stand advcl 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 paint punct 26 paint paint NOUN Number=Sing 24 build obj 27 or or CCONJ _ 28 repair cc 28 repair repair NOUN Number=Sing 26 paint conj 29 . . PUNCT _ 4 frame punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scaffolding a frame of metal poles and wooden boards tree rules 2 put up participle metal poles and wooden boards not said here a building vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent against building=Destination 3 stand can workers Scaffolding vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on it=Location 4 build present workers = worker paint or repair vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset paint=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In school, scaffolding means the extra help a teacher gives you at the start of learning something, which is taken away step by step as you get better.
The tree, 28 words case compound punct nsubj det amod obj det nsubj acl:relcl iobj case det obl mark acl obj punct nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl advmod obl:unmarked case obl mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root In ADP school NOUN , PUNCT scaffolding NOUN means VERB the DET extra ADJ help NOUN a DET teacher NOUN gives VERB you PRON at ADP the DET start NOUN of SCONJ learning VERB something PRON , PUNCT which PRON is AUX taken VERB away ADV step NOUN by ADP step NOUN as SCONJ you PRON get VERB better ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 school case 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 4 scaffolding compound 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 school punct 4 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 help det 7 extra extra ADJ Degree=Pos 8 help amod 8 help help NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 teacher det 10 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 11 gives nsubj 11 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 help acl:relcl 12 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 gives iobj 13 at at ADP _ 15 start case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 start det 15 start start NOUN Number=Sing 11 gives obl 16 of of SCONJ _ 17 learning mark 17 learning learn VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 start acl 18 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 17 learning obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 taken punct 20 which which PRON PronType=Rel 22 taken nsubj:pass 21 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 taken aux:pass 22 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 something acl:relcl 23 away away ADV _ 22 taken advmod 24 step step NOUN Number=Sing 22 taken obl:unmarked 25 by by ADP _ 26 step case 26 step step NOUN Number=Sing 22 taken obl 27 as as SCONJ _ 29 get mark 28 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 29 get nsubj 29 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 taken advcl 30 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 29 get xcomp 31 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present school scaffolding the extra help vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Topic 2 give present a teacher the extra help not said here you the start vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent you=Theme at start=Asset 3 learn gerund the start not said here something vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic 4 take away present · passive step step away property vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme 5 get present you good property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 3 Scaffolding is any support that holds something up while it is being made.
nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj compound:prt mark nsubj:pass aux:pass aux:pass advcl punct root Scaffolding NOUN is AUX any DET support NOUN that PRON holds VERB something PRON up ADP while SCONJ it PRON is AUX being AUX made VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 4 support nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 support cop 3 any any DET PronType=Ind 4 support det 4 support support NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 holds nsubj 6 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 support acl:relcl 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 holds obj 8 up up ADP _ 6 holds compound:prt 9 while while SCONJ _ 13 made mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 made nsubj:pass 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 made aux:pass 12 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 made aux:pass 13 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 holds advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 support punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scaffolding any support tree rules 2 hold up present any support something vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot something=Theme 3 make present · passive Scaffolding vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 1 The church tower is covered in scaffolding.
det compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET church NOUN tower NOUN is AUX covered VERB in ADP scaffolding NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tower det 2 church church NOUN Number=Sing 3 tower compound 3 tower tower NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 scaffolding case 7 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive the church tower in scaffolding vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in scaffolding=Theme
Example 2 Builders put up scaffolding to paint the house.
nsubj compound:prt advcl mark advcl det obj punct root Builders NOUN put VERB up ADP scaffolding VERB to PART paint VERB the DET house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Builders builder NOUN Number=Plur 2 put nsubj 2 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 put compound:prt 4 scaffolding scaffold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 put advcl 5 to to PART _ 6 paint mark 6 paint paint VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 scaffolding advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 house det 8 house house NOUN Number=Sing 6 paint obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put up present Builders vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 2 scaffold gerund Builders not said here tree rules 3 paint to-infinitive Builders not said here the house vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent house=Destination
Example 3 Never climb on scaffolding — it is not a playground.
advmod case obl punct nsubj cop advmod det obl punct root Never ADV climb VERB on ADP scaffolding NOUN — PUNCT it PRON is AUX not PART a DET playground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 climb advmod 2 climb climb VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 4 scaffolding case 4 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 2 climb obl 5 — - PUNCT _ 10 playground punct 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 playground nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 playground cop 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 playground advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 playground det 10 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 2 climb obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 climb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not climb imperative you not said here scaffolding vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on scaffolding=Trajectory 2 not is a present scaffolding a playground tree rules
Example 4 A pole fell off the scaffolding, so the street was closed.
det nsubj case det obl punct advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis punct root A DET pole NOUN fell VERB off ADP the DET scaffolding NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET street NOUN was AUX closed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pole det 2 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing 3 fell nsubj 3 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 off off ADP _ 6 scaffolding case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 scaffolding det 6 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 3 fell obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 closed punct 8 so so ADV _ 12 closed advmod 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 street det 10 street street NOUN Number=Sing 12 closed nsubj:pass 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 closed aux:pass 12 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 fell parataxis 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall off past a pole the scaffolding vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient scaffolding=Extent 2 close past · passive the street vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 5 The teacher gave us scaffolding: the first line of each answer.
det nsubj iobj obj punct det amod appos case det nmod punct root The DET teacher NOUN gave VERB us PRON scaffolding NOUN : PUNCT the DET first ADJ line NOUN of ADP each DET answer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 line punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 line det 8 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 9 line amod 9 line line NOUN Number=Sing 5 scaffolding appos 10 of of ADP _ 12 answer case 11 each each DET PronType=Tot 12 answer det 12 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 9 line nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the teacher scaffolding us vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient scaffolding=Theme
Example 6 Writing frames are a kind of scaffolding for your story.
compound nsubj cop det case nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root Writing NOUN frames NOUN are AUX a DET kind NOUN of ADP scaffolding NOUN for ADP your PRON story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 2 frames compound 2 frames frame NOUN Number=Plur 5 kind nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 kind cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 kind det 5 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 scaffolding case 7 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 5 kind nmod 8 for for ADP _ 10 story case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 story nmod:poss 10 story story NOUN Number=Sing 5 kind nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Writing frames a kind of scaffolding; for your story tree rules
Example 7 They took the scaffolding down when the roof was finished.
nsubj det obj compound:prt advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root They PRON took VERB the DET scaffolding NOUN down ADP when ADV the DET roof NOUN was AUX finished VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 scaffolding det 4 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 down down ADP _ 2 took compound:prt 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 finished advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 roof det 8 roof roof NOUN Number=Sing 10 finished nsubj:pass 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 finished aux:pass 10 finished finish VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 took advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take down past They the scaffolding vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scaffolding=Theme 2 finish past · passive the roof vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality
Example 8 Workers on the scaffolding wear hard hats and harnesses.
nsubj case det nmod amod obj cc conj punct root Workers NOUN on ADP the DET scaffolding NOUN wear VERB hard ADJ hats NOUN and CCONJ harnesses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 5 wear nsubj 2 on on ADP _ 4 scaffolding case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 scaffolding det 4 scaffolding scaffolding NOUN Number=Sing 1 Workers nmod 5 wear wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hats amod 7 hats hat NOUN Number=Plur 5 wear obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 harnesses cc 9 harnesses harness NOUN Number=Plur 7 hats conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Workers on the scaffolding hard hats and harnesses vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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