scuffle Who acts: scuffle, short confused fight, brief scuffle, Police, We, He · What happens: be, push, grab, not be, scuffle, mean · To what, where: short confused fight, way, feet, scraping noise, lunch queue, Two boys · Speech: someone speaks here
«scuffle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scuffle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A scuffle is a short, confused fight with pushing and grabbing, usually not very serious.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod mark acl cc conj punct advmod advmod advmod conj punct root A DET scuffle NOUN is AUX a DET short ADJ , PUNCT confused ADJ fight NOUN with SCONJ pushing VERB and CCONJ grabbing VERB , PUNCT usually ADV not PART very ADV serious ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 scuffle det 2 scuffle scuffle NOUN Number=Sing 8 fight nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 fight cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 fight det 5 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fight amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 short punct 7 confused confused ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fight amod 8 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with SCONJ _ 10 pushing mark 10 pushing push VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 fight acl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 grabbing cc 12 grabbing grab VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 pushing conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 serious punct 14 usually usually ADV _ 17 serious advmod 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 17 serious advmod 16 very very ADV _ 17 serious advmod 17 serious serious ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fight conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 fight punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a scuffle a short confused fight tree rules 2 push gerund a short confused fight not said here vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 3 grab gerund a short confused fight not said here vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 not be a scuffle not said here usually property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To scuffle means to fight in this way.
mark csubj mark xcomp case det obl punct root To PART scuffle VERB means VERB to PART fight VERB in ADP this DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 scuffle mark 2 scuffle scuffle VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 fight mark 5 fight fight VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 way case 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 way det 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing 5 fight obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scuffle to-infinitive vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 fight not said to happen to-infinitive this way vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To scuffle (along) means to walk dragging your feet, or to make a scraping noise.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj punct advmod punct mark ccomp advcl nmod:poss obj punct cc mark advcl det compound obj punct root To PART scuffle VERB ( PUNCT along ADV ) PUNCT means VERB to PART walk VERB dragging VERB your PRON feet NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART make VERB a DET scraping NOUN noise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 scuffle mark 2 scuffle scuffle VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 along punct 4 along along ADV _ 2 scuffle advmod 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 scuffle punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 walk mark 8 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means ccomp 9 dragging drag VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 walk advcl 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 feet nmod:poss 11 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 9 dragging obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 make punct 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 make cc 14 to to PART _ 15 make mark 15 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 walk advcl 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 noise det 17 scraping scraping NOUN Number=Sing 18 noise compound 18 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 15 make obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scuffle to-infinitive along property vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 walk not said to happen to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 drag gerund your feet vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme 5 make to-infinitive a scraping noise vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product
Example 1 A scuffle broke out in the lunch queue.
det nsubj compound:prt case det compound obl punct root A DET scuffle NOUN broke VERB out ADP in ADP the DET lunch NOUN queue NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 scuffle det 2 scuffle scuffle NOUN Number=Sing 3 broke nsubj 3 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 broke compound:prt 5 in in ADP _ 8 queue case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 queue det 7 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 8 queue compound 8 queue queue NOUN Number=Sing 3 broke obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 broke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break out past a scuffle the lunch queue vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in queue=Location
Example 2 Two boys scuffled over a football.
nummod acl case det obl punct root Two NUM boys NOUN scuffled VERB over ADP a DET football NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 boys nummod 2 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 scuffled scuffle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 boys acl 4 over over ADP _ 6 football case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 football det 6 football football NOUN Number=Sing 3 scuffled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 boys punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scuffle participle Two boys not said here over a football vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.theme NP S_ING»: agent=Agent over football=Theme
Example 3 There was a brief scuffle, but no one was hurt.
expl det amod nsubj punct cc det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj punct root There PRON was VERB a DET brief ADJ scuffle NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ no DET one NOUN was AUX hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 scuffle det 4 brief brief ADJ Degree=Pos 5 scuffle amod 5 scuffle scuffle NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 hurt punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 11 hurt cc 8 no no DET PronType=Neg 9 one det 9 one one NOUN Number=Sing 11 hurt nsubj:pass 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 hurt aux:pass 11 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 was conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a brief scuffle there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hurt past · passive no one vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 Police broke up a scuffle outside the stadium.
nsubj compound:prt det obj case det nmod punct root Police NOUN broke VERB up ADP a DET scuffle NOUN outside ADP the DET stadium NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Police police NOUN Number=Plur 2 broke nsubj 2 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 broke compound:prt 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 scuffle det 5 scuffle scuffle NOUN Number=Sing 2 broke obj 6 outside outside ADP _ 8 stadium case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 stadium det 8 stadium stadium NOUN Number=Sing 5 scuffle nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 broke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break up past Police a scuffle outside the stadium vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scuffle=Patient
Example 5 We heard something scuffling in the attic.
nsubj obj acl case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB something PRON scuffling VERB in ADP the DET attic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 heard obj 4 scuffling scuffle VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 something acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 attic case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 attic det 7 attic attic NOUN Number=Sing 4 scuffling obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We something vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus 2 scuffle gerund the attic vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 He scuffled along in his slippers.
nsubj advmod case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON scuffled VERB along ADV in ADP his PRON slippers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 scuffled nsubj 2 scuffled scuffle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 along along ADV _ 2 scuffled advmod 4 in in ADP _ 6 slippers case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 slippers nmod:poss 6 slippers slipper NOUN Number=Plur 2 scuffled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 scuffled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scuffle past He his slippers along property vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The teacher stepped in before the scuffle got worse.
det nsubj compound:prt mark det nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET teacher NOUN stepped VERB in ADP before SCONJ the DET scuffle NOUN got VERB worse ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 stepped nsubj 3 stepped step VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 3 stepped compound:prt 5 before before SCONJ _ 8 got mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 scuffle det 7 scuffle scuffle NOUN Number=Sing 8 got nsubj 8 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 stepped advcl 9 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 got xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 stepped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 step in past the teacher vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get past the scuffle bad property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 8 Then a great scuffling of feet was heard, and in a few minutes the hall was clear.
The tree, 17 words advmod det amod nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass punct cc case det amod obl det nsubj cop conj punct root Then ADV a DET great ADJ scuffling NOUN of ADP feet NOUN was AUX heard VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ in ADP a DET few ADJ minutes NOUN the DET hall NOUN was AUX clear ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 8 heard advmod 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 scuffling det 3 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 scuffling amod 4 scuffling scuffling NOUN Number=Sing 8 heard nsubj:pass 5 of of ADP _ 6 feet case 6 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 4 scuffling nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 heard aux:pass 8 heard hear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 18 clear punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 18 clear cc 11 in in ADP _ 14 minutes case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 minutes det 13 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 14 minutes amod 14 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 18 clear obl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 hall det 16 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 18 clear nsubj 17 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 clear cop 18 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 8 heard conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past · passive a great scuffling of feet then vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus 2 is past the hall minute clear property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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