see Who acts: I, she, you, laters, goodbye, casual · What happens: see, be, visit, mean, meet, say · To what, where: someone, them, doctor, you, goodbye, anyone · Speech: someone speaks here
«see» in the school dictionary: its 10 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: see in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To see is to notice something with your eyes.
mark advcl cop mark obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root To PART see VERB is AUX to PART notice VERB something PRON with ADP your PRON eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 notice advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 notice cop 4 to to PART _ 5 notice mark 5 notice notice VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 notice obj 7 with with ADP _ 9 eyes case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 eyes nmod:poss 9 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 something nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 notice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present notice property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
I see a bird.
nsubj det obj punct root I PRON see VERB a DET bird NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 see nsubj 2 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bird det 4 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 2 see obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present I a bird vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus
Meaning 2 To see is to understand.
mark advcl cop mark punct root To PART see VERB is AUX to PART understand VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 understand advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 understand cop 4 to to PART _ 5 understand mark 5 understand understand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 understand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present understand property tree rules
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
I see what you mean.
nsubj obj nsubj ccomp punct root I PRON see VERB what PRON you PRON mean VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 see nsubj 2 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 what what PRON PronType=Int 5 mean obj 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 mean nsubj 5 mean mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 see ccomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 mean present you vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
Meaning 3 To see someone is to meet or visit them: see the doctor.
mark advcl obj cop mark cc conj obj punct conj det obj punct root To PART see VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART meet VERB or CCONJ visit VERB them PRON : PUNCT see VERB the DET doctor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 meet advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 see obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 meet cop 5 to to PART _ 6 meet mark 6 meet meet VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 visit cc 8 visit visit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 meet conj 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 visit obj 10 : : PUNCT _ 11 see punct 11 see see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 meet conj 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 doctor det 13 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 11 see obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 meet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive someone vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus 2 is present meet property tree rules 3 visit infinitive them = they vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent 4 see infinitive the doctor vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctor=Stimulus
Meaning 4 To see is to find out.
mark advcl cop mark compound:prt punct root To PART see VERB is AUX to PART find VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 find advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 find cop 4 to to PART _ 5 find mark 5 find find VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 out out ADP _ 5 find compound:prt 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present find property tree rules
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Let's see what happens.
obj xcomp nsubj ccomp punct root Let VERB 's PRON see VERB what PRON happens VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Let obj 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Let xcomp 4 what what PRON PronType=Int 5 happens nsubj 5 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 see ccomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here 's tree rules 2 see infinitive 's not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 happen present vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 5 «See you» means goodbye, I'll meet you again.
punct ccomp obj punct obj punct nsubj aux parataxis obj advmod punct root « PUNCT See VERB you PRON » PUNCT means VERB goodbye NOUN , PUNCT I PRON 'll AUX meet VERB you PRON again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 See punct 2 See see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 See obj 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 goodbye goodbye NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 meet punct 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 meet nsubj 9 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 meet aux 10 meet meet VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means parataxis 11 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 meet obj 12 again again ADV _ 10 meet advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see in a quote infinitive you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus 2 mean present goodbye tree rules 3 meet future I you again vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Co-Agent
Meaning 6 To see someone (casual) is to go out with them as a boyfriend or girlfriend: «Is she seeing anyone?».
The tree, 19 words mark advcl obj punct appos punct cop mark advmod case obl case det obl cc conj punct punct aux nsubj parataxis obj punct punct punct root To PART see VERB someone PRON ( PUNCT casual NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX to PART go VERB out ADV with ADP them PRON as ADP a DET boyfriend NOUN or CCONJ girlfriend NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Is AUX she PRON seeing VERB anyone PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 go advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 see obj 4 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 casual punct 5 casual casual NOUN Number=Sing 3 someone appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 casual punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 go cop 8 to to PART _ 9 go mark 9 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 out out ADV _ 9 go advmod 11 with with ADP _ 12 them case 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 go obl 13 as as ADP _ 15 boyfriend case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 boyfriend det 15 boyfriend boyfriend NOUN Number=Sing 9 go obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 girlfriend cc 17 girlfriend girlfriend NOUN Number=Sing 15 boyfriend conj 18 : : PUNCT _ 22 seeing punct 19 « « PUNCT _ 22 seeing punct 20 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 seeing aux 21 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 seeing nsubj 22 seeing see VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 go parataxis 23 anyone anyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 22 seeing obj 24 ? ? PUNCT _ 22 seeing punct 25 » » PUNCT _ 22 seeing punct 26 . . PUNCT _ 9 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive someone vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Stimulus 2 is present with them = they ; as a boyfriend or girlfriend; go, out property tree rules 3 see in a quote present · progressive she anyone vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anyone=Stimulus
Meaning 7 To see to something is to take care of it: «I'll see to the dishes».
The tree, 16 words mark advcl case obl cop mark obj case obl punct punct nsubj aux parataxis case det obl punct punct root To PART see VERB to ADP something PRON is AUX to PART take VERB care NOUN of ADP it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON 'll AUX see VERB to ADP the DET dishes NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 see mark 2 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 take advcl 3 to to ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 see obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 take cop 6 to to PART _ 7 take mark 7 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 care care NOUN Number=Sing 7 take obj 9 of of ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 take obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 15 see punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 15 see punct 13 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 see nsubj 14 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 see aux 15 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 take parataxis 16 to to ADP _ 18 dishes case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 dishes det 18 dishes dish NOUN Number=Plur 15 see obl 19 » » PUNCT _ 15 see punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive to something vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present of care; take property tree rules 3 see in a quote future I to the dishes vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 8 «See ya», «see ya later», «laters» (slang) are short ways to say goodbye.
The tree, 13 words punct obj punct punct punct conj obj advmod punct punct punct nsubj punct punct appos punct cop amod obl mark acl obj punct root « PUNCT See VERB ya PRON » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT see VERB ya PRON later ADV » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT laters NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT slang NOUN ) PUNCT are AUX short ADJ ways NOUN to PART say VERB goodbye NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 See punct 2 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ya you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 See obj 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 see punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 see punct 7 see see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 See conj 8 ya you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 see obj 9 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 7 see advmod 10 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 laters punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 laters punct 13 laters later NOUN Number=Plur 20 ways nsubj 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 laters punct 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 slang punct 16 slang slang NOUN Number=Sing 13 laters appos 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 slang punct 18 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 ways cop 19 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 20 ways amod 20 ways way NOUN Number=Plur 2 See obl 21 to to PART _ 22 say mark 22 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 ways acl 23 goodbye goodbye NOUN Number=Sing 22 say obj 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 See punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see in a quote imperative you not said here ya vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus 2 see in a quote infinitive you not said here ya late property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus 3 is a present laters short ways tree rules 4 say speech: assert to-infinitive goodbye vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 9 «See?» or «See!» (casual, often rude) means «I told you so».
Sentence 1: «See?» or «See!»
punct punct punct cc punct conj punct punct root « PUNCT See VERB ? PUNCT » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT See VERB ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 See punct 2 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 See punct 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 See cc 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 See punct 7 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 See conj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 See punct 9 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see in a quote imperative you not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 see in a quote infinitive you not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 2: (casual, often rude) means «I told you so».
punct nsubj punct advmod appos punct punct nsubj ccomp iobj advmod punct punct root ( PUNCT casual ADJ , PUNCT often ADV rude ADJ ) PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT I PRON told VERB you PRON so ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 casual punct 2 casual casual ADJ Degree=Pos 7 means nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 rude punct 4 often often ADV _ 5 rude advmod 5 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 2 casual appos 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 rude punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 « « PUNCT _ 10 told punct 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 told nsubj 10 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 means ccomp 11 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 told iobj 12 so so ADV _ 10 told advmod 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 told punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present casual vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 tell speech: assert in a quote past I you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient
Meaning 10 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
«See» in a book or exam means «look at that part»: «see page 4», «see below»; formal writing prefers «observe» and «it can be seen that».
The tree, 26 words punct nsubj punct case det obl cc conj punct ccomp case det obl punct punct punct parataxis obj flat punct punct punct conj advmod punct punct amod nsubj parataxis punct ccomp punct cc punct nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advcl obj punct punct root « PUNCT See VERB » PUNCT in ADP a DET book NOUN or CCONJ exam NOUN means VERB « PUNCT look VERB at ADP that DET part NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT see VERB page NOUN 4 NUM » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT see VERB below ADV » PUNCT ; PUNCT formal ADJ writing NOUN prefers VERB « PUNCT observe VERB » PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT it PRON can AUX be AUX seen VERB that PRON » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 See punct 2 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 See punct 4 in in ADP _ 6 book case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 book det 6 book book NOUN Number=Sing 2 See obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 exam cc 8 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 6 book conj 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 look punct 11 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 means ccomp 12 at at ADP _ 14 part case 13 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 part det 14 part part NOUN Number=Sing 11 look obl 15 » » PUNCT _ 11 look punct 16 : : PUNCT _ 18 see punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 18 see punct 18 see see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 means parataxis 19 page page NOUN Number=Sing 18 see obj 20 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 19 page flat 21 » » PUNCT _ 18 see punct 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 see punct 23 « « PUNCT _ 24 see punct 24 see see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 18 see conj 25 below below ADV _ 24 see advmod 26 » » PUNCT _ 18 see punct 27 ; ; PUNCT _ 30 prefers punct 28 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 29 writing amod 29 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 30 prefers nsubj 30 prefers prefer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 means parataxis 31 « « PUNCT _ 32 observe punct 32 observe observe VERB VerbForm=Inf 30 prefers ccomp 33 » » PUNCT _ 32 observe punct 34 and and CCONJ _ 39 seen cc 35 « « PUNCT _ 39 seen punct 36 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 39 seen nsubj:pass 37 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 39 seen aux 38 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 39 seen aux:pass 39 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 30 prefers advcl 40 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 39 seen obj 41 » » PUNCT _ 39 seen punct 42 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see in a quote infinitive a book or exam vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 look in a quote infinitive at that part vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at part=Theme 4 see in a quote infinitive page vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer page=Stimulus 5 see in a quote infinitive below property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 6 prefer present formal writing vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 7 observe in a quote infinitive formal writing not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 8 see in a quote can · passive writing tree rules
Example 1 What do you see on the table?
obj aux nsubj case det obl punct root What PRON do AUX you PRON see VERB on ADP the DET table NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 see obj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 see aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 see nsubj 4 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 table case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 table det 7 table table NOUN Number=Sing 4 see obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present · do-support you the table vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
Example 2 Max sees 6 birds on a tree and 3 birds on the ground.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl cc nummod conj case det nmod punct root Max PROPN sees VERB 6 NUM birds NOUN on ADP a DET tree NOUN and CCONJ 3 NUM birds NOUN on ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Max Max PROPN Number=Sing 2 sees nsubj 2 sees see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 birds nummod 4 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 2 sees obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 tree case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tree det 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 sees obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 birds cc 9 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 birds nummod 10 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 7 tree conj 11 on on ADP _ 13 ground case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 ground det 13 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 10 birds nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 sees punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present Max 6 birds a tree and 3 birds on the ground vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus
Example 3 Anna saw 12 cars in the morning and 5 in the afternoon.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl cc conj case det obl punct root Anna PROPN saw VERB 12 NUM cars NOUN in ADP the DET morning NOUN and CCONJ 5 NUM in ADP the DET afternoon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Anna Anna PROPN Number=Sing 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cars nummod 4 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 morning case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 morning det 7 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 5 cc 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 morning conj 10 in in ADP _ 12 afternoon case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 afternoon det 12 afternoon afternoon NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past Anna 12 cars afternoon; morning vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer car=Stimulus
Example 4 Can you see the moon tonight?
aux nsubj det obj obl:unmarked punct root Can AUX you PRON see VERB the DET moon NOUN tonight NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 moon det 5 moon moon NOUN Number=Sing 3 see obj 6 tonight tonight NOUN Number=Sing 3 see obl:unmarked 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see can you the moon tonight vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer moon=Stimulus
Example 5 I see! Now I understand.
Sentence 1: I see!
nsubj punct root I PRON see VERB ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 see nsubj 2 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 2: Now I understand.
advmod nsubj punct root Now ADV I PRON understand VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 3 understand advmod 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 understand nsubj 3 understand understand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 understand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 understand present I now vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 I'm going to see my grandma on Sunday.
nsubj aux mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case obl punct root I PRON 'm AUX going VERB to PART see VERB my PRON grandma NOUN on ADP Sunday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 going nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 going aux 3 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 5 see mark 5 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 going xcomp 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 grandma nmod:poss 7 grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 5 see obj 8 on on ADP _ 9 Sunday case 9 Sunday Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 5 see obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 going punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present · progressive I vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 see to-infinitive I not said here my grandma sunday vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer grandma=Stimulus
Example 7 See ya tomorrow, mate!
obj obl:unmarked punct conj punct root See VERB ya PRON tomorrow NOUN , PUNCT mate NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 ya you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 See obj 3 tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 1 See obl:unmarked 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 mate punct 5 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 3 tomorrow conj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 See punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see imperative you not said here ya tomorrow vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus
Example 8 See? Told ya it was 12, not 10.
Sentence 1: See?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 See punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see imperative you not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 2: Told ya it was 12, not 10.
case nsubj cop obl punct advmod conj punct root Told VERB ya ADP it PRON was AUX 12 NUM , PUNCT not PART 10 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 ya ya ADP _ 5 12 case 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 12 nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 12 cop 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 1 Told obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 10 punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 10 advmod 8 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 12 conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert participle vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is past it ya 12 tree rules
Example 9 I seen him take 3 biscuits (nonstandard: «I saw»).
The tree, 9 words nsubj advcl obj nummod obj punct conj punct punct nsubj parataxis punct punct punct root I PRON seen VERB him PRON take VERB 3 NUM biscuits NOUN ( PUNCT nonstandard NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT I PRON saw VERB » PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 seen nsubj 2 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 take advcl 3 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 seen obj 4 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 biscuits nummod 6 biscuits biscuit NOUN Number=Plur 4 take obj 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 nonstandard punct 8 nonstandard nonstandard NOUN Number=Sing 6 biscuits conj 9 : : PUNCT _ 4 take punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 saw punct 11 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 saw nsubj 12 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 take parataxis 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 saw punct 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 saw punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see participle I him = he vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus 2 take present 3 biscuits and nonstandard vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent biscuit=Theme clause=Attribute 3 see in a quote past I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 10 Mum says she'll see to the washing-up.
nsubj nsubj aux ccomp case det compound punct obl punct root Mum NOUN says VERB she PRON 'll AUX see VERB to ADP the DET washing NOUN - PUNCT up NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 see nsubj 4 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 see aux 5 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 says ccomp 6 to to ADP _ 10 up case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 up det 8 washing washing NOUN Number=Sing 10 up compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 10 up punct 10 up up NOUN Number=Sing 5 see obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Mum vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 see future Mum to the washing up vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 11 As can be seen from the table, the aggregate number of birds observed was 9.
The tree, 15 words mark aux aux:pass advcl case det obl punct det compound nsubj case nmod acl cop punct root As SCONJ can AUX be AUX seen VERB from ADP the DET table NOUN , PUNCT the DET aggregate NOUN number NOUN of ADP birds NOUN observed VERB was AUX 9 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as SCONJ _ 4 seen mark 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 seen aux 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 seen aux:pass 4 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 9 advcl 5 from from ADP _ 7 table case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 table det 7 table table NOUN Number=Sing 4 seen obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 4 seen punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 number det 10 aggregate aggregate NOUN Number=Sing 11 number compound 11 number number NOUN Number=Sing 16 9 nsubj 12 of of ADP _ 13 birds case 13 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 11 number nmod 14 observed observe VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 birds acl 15 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 9 cop 16 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 17 . . PUNCT _ 16 9 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see can · passive the aggregate number of birds not said here the table vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V» 2 observe participle birds not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is a past the aggregate number of birds 9 tree rules
Example 12 Wear something bright so drivers can see you.
obj amod mark nsubj aux advcl obj punct root Wear VERB something PRON bright ADJ so SCONJ drivers NOUN can AUX see VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Wear obj 3 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 2 something amod 4 so so SCONJ _ 7 see mark 5 drivers driver NOUN Number=Plur 7 see nsubj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 see aux 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Wear advcl 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 see obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here something vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 see can drivers you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus
Example 13 "I have never seen you before."
punct nsubj aux advmod obj advmod punct punct root " PUNCT I PRON have AUX never ADV seen VERB you PRON before ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 seen punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 seen nsubj 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 seen aux 4 never never ADV PronType=Neg 5 seen advmod 5 seen see VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 seen obj 7 before before ADV _ 5 seen advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 seen punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 5 seen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not see in a quote present · perfect I you before property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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