shade Who acts: Shade, sunlight, Shades, you, 's, sun · What happens: be, block, sit, shade, mean, protect · To what, where: area, sunlight, shade, lighter, something, light · Speech: someone speaks here
«shade» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shade in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Shade is an area where the sunlight is blocked, so it is cooler and darker: sit in the shade.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl punct advmod nsubj cop conj cc conj punct parataxis case det obl punct root Shade NOUN is AUX an DET area NOUN where ADV the DET sunlight NOUN is AUX blocked VERB , PUNCT so ADV it PRON is AUX cooler ADJ and CCONJ darker ADJ : PUNCT sit VERB in ADP the DET shade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 4 area nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 area cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 area det 4 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 where where ADV PronType=Rel 9 blocked advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sunlight det 7 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 9 blocked nsubj:pass 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 blocked aux:pass 9 blocked block VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 area acl:relcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 cooler punct 11 so so ADV _ 14 cooler advmod 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 cooler nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 cooler cop 14 cooler cool ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 blocked conj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 darker cc 16 darker dark ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 cooler conj 17 : : PUNCT _ 18 sit punct 18 sit sit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 area parataxis 19 in in ADP _ 21 shade case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 shade det 21 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 18 sit obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Shade a area tree rules 2 block present · passive the sunlight vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 is present sunlight cool property tree rules 4 be sunlight not said here tree rules 5 sit infinitive the shade vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A shade is a lighter or darker kind of a colour: a shade of blue.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det cc amod conj case det nmod punct det conj case nmod punct root A DET shade NOUN is AUX a DET lighter NOUN or CCONJ darker ADJ kind NOUN of ADP a DET colour NOUN : PUNCT a DET shade NOUN of ADP blue ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shade det 2 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 5 lighter nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lighter cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lighter det 5 lighter lighter NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 kind cc 7 darker dark ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 kind amod 8 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 5 lighter conj 9 of of ADP _ 11 colour case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 colour det 11 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 8 kind nmod 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 shade punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 shade det 14 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 5 lighter conj 15 of of ADP _ 16 blue case 16 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 14 shade nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 lighter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shade a lighter or darker kind of a colour and a shade of blue tree rules
Meaning 3 A shade is something that blocks light, like a lampshade or a window shade (USA blind).
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl obj punct case det conj cc det compound conj punct compound parataxis punct punct root A DET shade NOUN is AUX something PRON that PRON blocks VERB light NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET lampshade NOUN or CCONJ a DET window NOUN shade NOUN ( PUNCT USA PROPN blind ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shade det 2 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 blocks nsubj 6 blocks block VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something acl:relcl 7 light light NOUN Number=Sing 6 blocks obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 lampshade punct 9 like like ADP _ 11 lampshade case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 lampshade det 11 lampshade lampshade NOUN Number=Sing 4 something conj 12 or or CCONJ _ 15 shade cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 shade det 14 window window NOUN Number=Sing 15 shade compound 15 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 11 lampshade conj 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 blind punct 17 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 18 blind compound 18 blind blind ADJ Degree=Pos 11 lampshade parataxis 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 blind punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shade something tree rules 2 block present light vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer light=Theme
Meaning 4 To shade something means to protect it from light, or to colour in part of a picture or diagram.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj obj mark xcomp obj case obl punct cc mark conj case obl case det nmod cc conj punct root To PART shade VERB something PRON means VERB to PART protect VERB it PRON from ADP light NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART colour VERB in ADP part NOUN of ADP a DET picture NOUN or CCONJ diagram NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 shade mark 2 shade shade VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 shade obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 protect mark 6 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 protect obj 8 from from ADP _ 9 light case 9 light light NOUN Number=Sing 6 protect obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 colour punct 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 colour cc 12 to to PART _ 13 colour mark 13 colour colour VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 protect conj 14 in in ADP _ 15 part case 15 part part NOUN Number=Sing 13 colour obl 16 of of ADP _ 18 picture case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 picture det 18 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 15 part nmod 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 diagram cc 20 diagram diagram NOUN Number=Sing 18 picture conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shade to-infinitive something vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Beneficiary 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 protect not said to happen to-infinitive it from light vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary from light=Theme 4 colour to-infinitive part of a picture or diagram tree rules
Meaning 5 Shades (informal) are sunglasses.
nsubj punct appos punct cop punct root Shades NOUN ( PUNCT informal NOUN ) PUNCT are AUX sunglasses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shades shade NOUN Number=Plur 6 sunglasses nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal NOUN Number=Sing 1 Shades appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sunglasses cop 6 sunglasses sunglasses NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 sunglasses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Shades sunglasses tree rules
Example 1 Let's sit in the shade of that big tree.
obj xcomp case det obl case det amod nmod punct root Let VERB 's PRON sit VERB in ADP the DET shade NOUN of ADP that DET big ADJ tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Let obj 3 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Let xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 6 shade case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shade det 6 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 3 sit obl 7 of of ADP _ 10 tree case 8 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 tree det 9 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 10 tree amod 10 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 6 shade nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here 's tree rules 2 sit infinitive 's not said here the shade of that big tree vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location 3 shade that big tree nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Play in the shade when the sun is hottest.
case det obl mark det nsubj cop parataxis punct root Play VERB in ADP the DET shade NOUN when SCONJ the DET sun NOUN is AUX hottest ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Play play VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 in in ADP _ 4 shade case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 shade det 4 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 1 Play obl 5 when when SCONJ _ 9 hottest mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun det 7 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 9 hottest nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 hottest cop 9 hottest hot ADJ Degree=Sup 1 Play parataxis 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play imperative you not said here the shade vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present the sun hot property tree rules
Example 3 Shade one half of the circle.
nummod obj case det nmod punct root Shade VERB one NUM half NOUN of ADP the DET circle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shade shade VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 half nummod 3 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 1 Shade obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 circle case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 circle det 6 circle circle NOUN Number=Sing 3 half nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shade imperative you not said here one half of the circle vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Beneficiary
Example 4 Her dress is a lovely shade of green.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Her PRON dress NOUN is AUX a DET lovely ADJ shade NOUN of ADP green ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 dress nmod:poss 2 dress dress NOUN Number=Sing 6 shade nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 shade cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 shade det 5 lovely lovely ADJ Degree=Pos 6 shade amod 6 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 green case 8 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 6 shade nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 shade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Her dress a lovely shade of green tree rules
Example 5 He shaded his eyes from the sun with his hand.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON shaded VERB his PRON eyes NOUN from ADP the DET sun NOUN with ADP his PRON hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shaded nsubj 2 shaded shade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 eyes nmod:poss 4 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 2 shaded obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 sun case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun det 7 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 2 shaded obl 8 with with ADP _ 10 hand case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 hand nmod:poss 10 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 2 shaded obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 shaded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shade past He his eyes with his hand; from the sun vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Beneficiary from sun=Theme
Example 6 The new lampshade makes the room cosy.
det amod nsubj det obj xcomp punct root The DET new ADJ lampshade NOUN makes VERB the DET room NOUN cosy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 lampshade det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lampshade amod 3 lampshade lampshade NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes nsubj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 room det 6 room room NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes obj 7 cosy cosy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 makes xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present the new lampshade the room cosy property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset room=Product
Example 7 Shade the squares to show two fifths.
det obj mark advcl nummod obj punct root Shade VERB the DET squares NOUN to PART show VERB two NUM fifths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shade shade VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 squares det 3 squares square NOUN Number=Plur 1 Shade obj 4 to to PART _ 5 show mark 5 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Shade advcl 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 fifths nummod 7 fifths fifth NOUN Number=Plur 5 show obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shade imperative you not said here the squares vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent square=Beneficiary 2 show to-infinitive you not said here two fifths vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fifth=Recipient
Example 8 Dogs need shade and water on hot days.
nsubj obj cc conj case amod obl punct root Dogs NOUN need VERB shade NOUN and CCONJ water NOUN on ADP hot ADJ days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 water cc 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 shade conj 6 on on ADP _ 8 days case 7 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 8 days amod 8 days day NOUN Number=Plur 2 need obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Dogs shade and water day vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot shade=Theme
Example 9 It was very pleasant in the cool shade.
nsubj cop advmod case det amod obl punct root It PRON was AUX very ADV pleasant ADJ in ADP the DET cool ADJ shade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 pleasant nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 pleasant cop 3 very very ADV _ 4 pleasant advmod 4 pleasant pleasant ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 in in ADP _ 8 shade case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 shade det 7 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 8 shade amod 8 shade shade NOUN Number=Sing 4 pleasant obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 pleasant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past It the cool shade pleasant property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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