shield Who acts: shield, soldier, knight, you, mother bird, spacecraft · What happens: be, hold, protect, shield, shape, hold up · To what, where: large flat piece, other material, soldier, anything, you, someone
«shield» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shield in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A shield is a large flat piece of metal, wood or other material that a soldier or knight holds to protect themselves from attacks.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case nmod punct conj cc amod conj obj det nsubj cc conj acl:relcl mark advcl obj case obl punct root A DET shield NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ flat ADJ piece NOUN of ADP metal NOUN , PUNCT wood NOUN or CCONJ other ADJ material NOUN that PRON a DET soldier NOUN or CCONJ knight NOUN holds VERB to PART protect VERB themselves PRON from ADP attacks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shield det 2 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 7 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 piece det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 7 piece amod 6 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 7 piece amod 7 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 metal case 9 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 7 piece nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 wood punct 11 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 7 piece conj 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 material cc 13 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 14 material amod 14 material material NOUN Number=Sing 11 wood conj 15 that that PRON PronType=Rel 20 holds obj 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 soldier det 17 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing 20 holds nsubj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 knight cc 19 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing 17 soldier conj 20 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 material acl:relcl 21 to to PART _ 22 protect mark 22 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 20 holds advcl 23 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 22 protect obj 24 from from ADP _ 25 attacks case 25 attacks attack NOUN Number=Plur 22 protect obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 7 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shield a large flat piece and wood or other material of metal tree rules 2 hold present a soldier or knight other material vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme 3 protect to-infinitive a soldier or knight not said here soldier from attacks vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary from attack=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A shield is anything that protects you, like a heat shield or a sun shield.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl obj punct case det compound parataxis cc det compound conj punct root A DET shield NOUN is AUX anything PRON that PRON protects VERB you PRON , PUNCT like ADP a DET heat NOUN shield NOUN or CCONJ a DET sun NOUN shield NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shield det 2 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 4 anything nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 anything cop 4 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 protects nsubj 6 protects protect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 anything acl:relcl 7 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 protects obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 shield punct 9 like like ADP _ 12 shield case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 shield det 11 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 12 shield compound 12 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 6 protects parataxis 13 or or CCONJ _ 16 shield cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 shield det 15 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 16 shield compound 16 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 12 shield conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 anything punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shield anything tree rules 2 protect present you vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary
Meaning 3 To shield someone or something is to protect it from harm or danger.
mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj case obl cc conj punct root To PART shield VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON is AUX to PART protect VERB it PRON from ADP harm NOUN or CCONJ danger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 shield mark 2 shield shield VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 protect advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 shield obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 something cc 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 someone conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 protect cop 7 to to PART _ 8 protect mark 8 protect protect VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 protect obj 10 from from ADP _ 11 harm case 11 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 8 protect obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 danger cc 13 danger danger NOUN Number=Sing 11 harm conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 protect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shield to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 is present harm or danger protect property tree rules
Meaning 4 A shield is also a badge or a trophy shaped like a shield.
det nsubj cop advmod det cc det conj acl case det obl punct root A DET shield NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET badge NOUN or CCONJ a DET trophy NOUN shaped VERB like ADP a DET shield NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 shield det 2 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 6 badge nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 badge cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 badge advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 badge det 6 badge badge NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 trophy cc 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 trophy det 9 trophy trophy NOUN Number=Sing 6 badge conj 10 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 trophy acl 11 like like ADP _ 13 shield case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 shield det 13 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 10 shaped obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 badge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a shield a badge or a trophy tree rules 2 shape participle a trophy not said here like a shield vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 1 The knight held up his shield.
det nsubj compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct root The DET knight NOUN held VERB up ADP his PRON shield NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 knight det 2 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 held compound:prt 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 shield nmod:poss 6 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold up past the knight knight's shield vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shield=Theme
Example 2 Shield your eyes from the bright sun.
nmod:poss obj case det amod obl root Shield VERB your PRON eyes NOUN from ADP the DET bright ADJ sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shield shield VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 eyes nmod:poss 3 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 1 Shield obj 4 from from ADP _ 7 sun. case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun. det 6 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sun. amod 7 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 1 Shield obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shield imperative you not said here your eyes the bright sun. tree rules
Example 3 The mother bird shielded her chicks from the rain.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET mother NOUN bird NOUN shielded VERB her PRON chicks NOUN from ADP the DET rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bird det 2 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 3 bird compound 3 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 shielded nsubj 4 shielded shield VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 chicks nmod:poss 6 chicks chick NOUN Number=Plur 4 shielded obj 7 from from ADP _ 9 rain case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 rain det 9 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 4 shielded obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 shielded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shield past the mother bird bird's chicks the rain tree rules
Example 4 The spacecraft has a heat shield.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET spacecraft NOUN has VERB a DET heat NOUN shield NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 spacecraft det 2 spacecraft spacecraft NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 shield det 5 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 6 shield compound 6 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the spacecraft a heat shield vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Patient
Example 5 Our team won the shield at the sports day.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj case det compound obl punct root Our PRON team NOUN won VERB the DET shield NOUN at ADP the DET sports NOUN day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 team nmod:poss 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 won nsubj 3 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 shield det 5 shield shield NOUN Number=Sing 3 won obj 6 at at ADP _ 9 day case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 day det 8 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 9 day compound 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 won obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past Our team the shield day vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Eventuality
Example 6 The Romans locked their shields together.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root The DET Romans PROPN locked VERB their PRON shields NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Romans det 2 Romans Roman PROPN Number=Plur 3 locked nsubj 3 locked lock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 shields nmod:poss 5 shields shield NOUN Number=Plur 3 locked obj 6 together together ADV _ 3 locked advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 locked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lock past the Romans Romans's shields together property vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Patient
Example 7 Suncream shields your skin from sunburn.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Suncream PROPN shields VERB your PRON skin NOUN from ADP sunburn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Suncream Suncream PROPN Number=Sing 2 shields nsubj 2 shields shield VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 skin nmod:poss 4 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 2 shields obj 5 from from ADP _ 6 sunburn case 6 sunburn sunburn NOUN Number=Sing 2 shields obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 shields punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shield present Suncream your skin sunburn tree rules
Example 8 They snatched spears and shields from their foes.
nsubj obj cc conj case nmod:poss obl punct root They PRON snatched VERB spears NOUN and CCONJ shields NOUN from ADP their PRON foes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 snatched nsubj 2 snatched snatch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 spears spear NOUN Number=Plur 2 snatched obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 shields cc 5 shields shield NOUN Number=Plur 3 spears conj 6 from from ADP _ 8 foes case 7 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 foes nmod:poss 8 foes foe NOUN Number=Plur 2 snatched obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 snatched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 snatch past They spears and shields shields's foes vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent spear=Theme from foe=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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