shout Who acts: you, It, She, He, We, I · What happens: say, call, get, pay, not shout, shout · To what, where: something, help, joy, shout, classroom, danger · Speech: someone speaks here
«shout» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shout in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To say something very loudly.
mark obj advmod advmod punct root To PART say VERB something PRON very ADV loudly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 say mark 2 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 say obj 4 very very ADV _ 5 loudly advmod 5 loudly loudly ADV _ 2 say advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert to-infinitive something loudly property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Don't shout."
punct aux advmod punct punct root " PUNCT Do AUX n't PART shout VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 shout punct 2 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 shout aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 shout advmod 4 shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 shout punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not shout speech: express in a quote imperative · do-support you not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 2 To call loudly to get help or attention.
mark advmod mark advcl obj cc conj punct root To PART call VERB loudly ADV to PART get VERB help NOUN or CCONJ attention NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 call mark 2 call call VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 loudly loudly ADV _ 2 call advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 get mark 5 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 call advcl 6 help help NOUN Number=Sing 5 get obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 attention cc 8 attention attention NOUN Number=Sing 6 help conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 call punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call to-infinitive loudly property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 get to-infinitive help or attention vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Shout for help."
punct case obl punct punct root " PUNCT Shout VERB for ADP help NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Shout punct 2 Shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 4 help case 4 help help NOUN Number=Sing 2 Shout obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 Shout punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 2 Shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express in a quote imperative you not said here for help vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient
Meaning 3 As a noun, a loud cry.
case det punct det amod appos punct root As ADP a DET noun NOUN , PUNCT a DET loud ADJ cry NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 noun case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 noun det 3 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 cry punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cry det 6 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cry amod 7 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 3 noun appos 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 noun punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a shout of joy".
punct det case nmod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET shout NOUN of ADP joy NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 shout punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 shout det 3 shout shout NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 joy case 5 joy joy NOUN Number=Sing 3 shout nmod 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 shout punct 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout in a quote joy nom shout «communication transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 4 Usage: British, Australian, informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Someone's turn to pay.
nmod:poss case mark acl punct root Someone PRON 's PART turn NOUN to PART pay VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 turn nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Someone case 3 turn turn NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 to to PART _ 5 pay mark 5 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 turn acl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay to-infinitive vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"It's my shout."
punct nsubj cop nmod:poss punct punct root " PUNCT It PRON 's AUX my PRON shout NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 shout punct 2 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 shout nsubj 3 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shout cop 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 shout nmod:poss 5 shout shout NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 shout punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present It my shout tree rules
Example 1 Don't shout in the classroom.
aux advmod case det obl punct root Do AUX n't PART shout VERB in ADP the DET classroom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 shout aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 shout advmod 3 shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 classroom case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 classroom det 6 classroom classroom NOUN Number=Sing 3 shout obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not shout speech: express imperative · do-support you not said here the classroom vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Shout for help if you are in danger.
case obl mark nsubj cop case advcl punct root Shout VERB for ADP help NOUN if SCONJ you PRON are AUX in ADP danger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 for for ADP _ 3 help case 3 help help NOUN Number=Sing 1 Shout obl 4 if if SCONJ _ 8 danger mark 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 danger nsubj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 danger cop 7 in in ADP _ 8 danger case 8 danger danger NOUN Number=Sing 1 Shout advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express imperative you not said here for help vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient 2 is a condition, not said to happen present you danger tree rules
Example 3 She shouted "Goal!"
nsubj punct obj punct punct root She PRON shouted VERB " PUNCT Goal NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shouted nsubj 2 shouted shout VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 Goal punct 4 Goal goal NOUN Number=Sing 2 shouted obj 5 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 Goal punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 Goal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express past She Goal vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Topic
Example 4 He shouted at his brother, then said sorry.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct advmod conj xcomp punct root He PRON shouted VERB at ADP his PRON brother NOUN , PUNCT then ADV said VERB sorry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shouted nsubj 2 shouted shout VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 5 brother case 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 brother nmod:poss 5 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 2 shouted obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 said punct 7 then then ADV PronType=Dem 8 said advmod 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 shouted conj 9 sorry sorry ADJ Degree=Pos 8 said xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 shouted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express past He at his brother vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 say speech: apologize past He not said here then sorry property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Example 5 We heard a shout from the river.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB a DET shout NOUN from ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 shout det 4 shout shout NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 river case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 river det 7 river river NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We a shout the river vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent shout=Topic from river=Source
Example 6 Shout "Fire!" if you see a fire.
punct obj punct punct mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Shout VERB " PUNCT Fire PROPN ! PUNCT " PUNCT if SCONJ you PRON see VERB a DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Fire punct 3 Fire Fire PROPN Number=Sing 1 Shout obj 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 Fire punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 Fire punct 6 if if SCONJ _ 8 see mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 see nsubj 8 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Shout advcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fire det 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 8 see obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout speech: express imperative you not said here Fire vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Topic 2 see a condition, not said to happen present you a fire vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus
Example 7 Shout out the answer when you know it.
compound:prt det obj advmod nsubj advcl obj punct root Shout VERB out ADP the DET answer NOUN when ADV you PRON know VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shout shout VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 out out ADP _ 1 Shout compound:prt 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 answer det 4 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 1 Shout obj 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 know advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 know nsubj 7 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Shout advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 know obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shout out speech: express imperative you not said here the answer vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic 2 know present you answer vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 8 It's my shout — I'll buy the drinks.
nsubj cop nmod:poss punct nsubj aux acl:relcl det obj punct root It PRON 's AUX my PRON shout NOUN — PUNCT I PRON 'll AUX buy VERB the DET drinks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 shout nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shout cop 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 shout nmod:poss 4 shout shout NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 — - PUNCT _ 8 buy punct 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 buy nsubj 7 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 buy aux 8 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 shout acl:relcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 drinks det 10 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 8 buy obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 shout punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It my shout tree rules 2 buy future I the drinks vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Theme
Example 9 “That’s a lie!” shouted the giantess.
punct nsubj cop det nsubj punct punct det obj punct root “ PUNCT That PRON ’s AUX a DET lie NOUN ! PUNCT ” PUNCT shouted VERB the DET giantess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 5 lie punct 2 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 lie nsubj 3 ’s be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lie cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lie det 5 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted nsubj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 lie punct 7 ” " PUNCT _ 5 lie punct 8 shouted shout VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 giantess det 10 giantess giantess NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 shouted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present That a lie tree rules 2 shout speech: express past a lie the giantess vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent giantess=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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