shovel

Who acts: wide curved blade, He, Dad, We, builder, fireman · What happens: curve, lift, move, put, shovell, use · To what, where: earth, something, lot, food, mouth, shovel

«shovel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shovel in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A tool with a long handle and a wide, slightly curved blade for lifting and moving earth, snow, sand or coal.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tool	det
2	tool	tool	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	6 handle	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 handle	det
5	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 handle	amod
6	handle	handle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tool	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 blade	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 blade	det
9	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 blade	amod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 curved	punct
11	slightly	slightly	ADV	_	12 curved	advmod
12	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 blade	amod
13	blade	blade	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tool	conj
14	for	for	SCONJ	_	15 lifting	mark
15	lifting	lift	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 blade	acl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 moving	cc
17	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 lifting	conj
18	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 moving	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 snow	punct
20	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 earth	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 sand	punct
22	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 earth	conj
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 coal	cc
24	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sand	conj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tool	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	curve	participle			slightly property	vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
2	lift	gerund	a wide curved blade not said here			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	move	gerund	a wide curved blade not said here	earth and snow and sand or coal		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent earth=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To lift and move something with a shovel: shovel snow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 lift	mark
2	lift	lift	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 move	cc
4	move	move	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 lift	conj
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 move	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 shovel	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 shovel	det
8	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 move	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 snow	punct
10	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 snow	compound
11	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shovel	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lift	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lift	to-infinitive							vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	move	infinitive		something				with a shovel and shovel snow	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: verb, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

To put a lot of something somewhere quickly and roughly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 put	mark
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 lot	det
4	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 lot	nmod
7	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	2 put	advmod
8	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	2 put	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 roughly	cc
10	roughly	roughly	ADV	_	8 quickly	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	to-infinitive		a lot of something				quickly, somewhere property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent lot=Goal

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"He shovelled food into his mouth."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shovelled	punct
2	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 shovelled	nsubj
3	shovelled	shovell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shovelled	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 mouth	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 mouth	nmod:poss
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shovelled	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shovelled	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 shovelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shovell in a quote	past	He	food		his mouth			tree rules

Example 1

Dad used a shovel to clear the snow from the drive.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 shovel	det
4	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 clear	mark
6	clear	clear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 used	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 snow	det
8	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 clear	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 drive	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 drive	det
11	drive	drive	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 clear	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	Dad	a shovel					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shovel=Patient
2	clear	to-infinitive	Dad not said here	the snow		the drive			vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent snow=Theme from drive=Source

Example 2

We shovelled sand into the bucket.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 shovelled	nsubj
2	shovelled	shovell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shovelled	obj
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 bucket	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 bucket	det
6	bucket	bucket	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shovelled	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shovelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shovell	past	We	sand		the bucket			tree rules

Example 3

The builder picked up a shovel and started digging.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 builder	det
2	builder	builder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	nsubj
3	picked	pick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 picked	compound:prt
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shovel	det
6	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 started	cc
8	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 picked	conj
9	digging	dig	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 started	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 picked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	pick up	participle	the builder	a shovel	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shovel=Topic
2	start	past	the builder not said here		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	dig	gerund	the builder not said here		vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 4

He shovelled his dinner into his mouth and ran out to play.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shovelled	nsubj
2	shovelled	shovell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 dinner	nmod:poss
4	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shovelled	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 mouth	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 mouth	nmod:poss
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shovelled	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 ran	cc
9	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 shovelled	conj
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 ran	compound:prt
11	to	to	PART	_	12 play	mark
12	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 ran	advcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shovelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	shovell	past	He	his dinner	his mouth	tree rules
2	run out	past	He not said here			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	play	to-infinitive	He not said here			vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

In old steam trains, the fireman shovelled coal into the fire.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 trains	case
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 trains	amod
3	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 trains	compound
4	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 shovelled	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 trains	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fireman	det
7	fireman	fireman	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shovelled	nsubj
8	shovelled	shovell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shovelled	obj
10	into	into	ADP	_	12 fire	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 fire	det
12	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shovelled	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 shovelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shovell	past	the fireman	coal		old steam trains		into the fire	tree rules

Example 6

Bring a shovel and a bucket to the beach.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bring	bring	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 shovel	det
3	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Bring	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 bucket	cc
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bucket	det
6	bucket	bucket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shovel	conj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 beach	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 beach	det
9	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Bring	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Bring	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	imperative	you not said here	a shovel and a bucket		the beach			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shovel=Theme to beach=Destination

Example 7

"Come here and sit on this shovel!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Come	punct
2	Come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 Come	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 sit	cc
5	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 Come	conj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 shovel	case
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 shovel	det
8	shovel	shovel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sit	obl
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Come	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come in a quote	imperative	you not said here			here			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	sit in a quote	infinitive	you not said here			this shovel			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on shovel=Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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