shy Who acts: Shy, you, She, shy boy, Deer, He · What happens: mean, not know, frighten, keep away, shy away, be · To what, where: people, shy animal, something, horse, less, number · Speech: someone speaks here
«shy» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: shy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Shy means nervous and quiet with people you do not know well.
nsubj xcomp cc conj case obl nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl advmod punct root Shy ADJ means VERB nervous ADJ and CCONJ quiet ADJ with ADP people NOUN you PRON do AUX not PART know VERB well ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nervous nervous ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 quiet cc 5 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 3 nervous conj 6 with with ADP _ 7 people case 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 nervous obl 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 know nsubj 9 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 know aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 know advmod 11 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 people acl:relcl 12 well well ADV Degree=Pos 11 know advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Shy nervous property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 not know present · do-support you people not said here well property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A shy animal is easily frightened and keeps away from people.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod cc conj advmod case obl punct root A DET shy ADJ animal NOUN is AUX easily ADV frightened VERB and CCONJ keeps VERB away ADV from ADP people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 animal det 2 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 animal amod 3 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 6 frightened nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 frightened aux:pass 5 easily easily ADV _ 6 frightened advmod 6 frightened frighten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 keeps cc 8 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 frightened conj 9 away away ADV _ 8 keeps advmod 10 from from ADP _ 11 people case 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 keeps obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 frightened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 frighten present · passive a shy animal easily property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer 2 keep away present from people; away property vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from people=Eventuality
Meaning 3 To shy away from something is to avoid it because you are nervous.
mark advcl advmod case obl cop mark obj mark nsubj cop advcl punct root To PART shy VERB away ADV from ADP something PRON is AUX to PART avoid VERB it PRON because SCONJ you PRON are AUX nervous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 shy mark 2 shy shy VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 avoid advcl 3 away away ADV _ 2 shy advmod 4 from from ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 shy obl 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 avoid cop 7 to to PART _ 8 avoid mark 8 avoid avoid VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 avoid obj 10 because because SCONJ _ 13 nervous mark 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 nervous nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 nervous cop 13 nervous nervous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 avoid advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 avoid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shy away to-infinitive something away property tree rules 2 is present avoid property tree rules 3 is present you nervous property tree rules
Meaning 4 To shy (of a horse) is to jump suddenly because it is frightened.
The tree, 13 words mark advcl punct case det obl punct cop mark advmod mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root To PART shy ADJ ( PUNCT of ADP a DET horse NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX to PART jump VERB suddenly ADV because SCONJ it PRON is AUX frightened VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 shy mark 2 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 10 jump advcl 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 horse punct 4 of of ADP _ 6 horse case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 horse det 6 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 2 shy obl 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 horse punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 jump cop 9 to to PART _ 10 jump mark 10 jump jump VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 11 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 10 jump advmod 12 because because SCONJ _ 15 frightened mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 frightened nsubj:pass 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 frightened aux:pass 15 frightened frighten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 jump advcl 16 . . PUNCT _ 10 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present jump, suddenly property tree rules 2 frighten present · passive horse vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
Meaning 5 "Shy of" a number means a little less than it.
punct nsubj case punct det nmod det advmod obj case nmod punct root " PUNCT Shy NOUN of ADP " PUNCT a DET number NOUN means VERB a DET little ADV less ADJ than ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Shy punct 2 Shy shy NOUN Number=Sing 7 means nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 6 number case 4 " " PUNCT _ 6 number punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 number det 6 number number NOUN Number=Sing 2 Shy nmod 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 little det 9 little little ADV Degree=Pos 10 less advmod 10 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 means obj 11 than than ADP _ 12 it case 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 less nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Shy of a number less than number vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent less=Topic 2 shy in a quote a number nom shy «act transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 6 To be shy of something means to be wary of it or unwilling to accept it.
The tree, 16 words mark cop nsubj case obl mark cop ccomp case obl cc conj mark xcomp obj punct root To PART be AUX shy ADJ of ADP something PRON means VERB to PART be AUX wary ADJ of ADP it PRON or CCONJ unwilling VERB to PART accept VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 shy mark 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 shy cop 3 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 shy obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 9 wary mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 wary cop 9 wary wary ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means ccomp 10 of of ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 wary obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 unwilling cc 13 unwilling unwill VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 wary conj 14 to to PART _ 15 accept mark 15 accept accept VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 unwilling xcomp 16 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 accept obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is to-infinitive of something; shy property tree rules 2 mean present shy vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is not said to happen to-infinitive of it; wary property tree rules 4 unwill gerund tree rules 5 accept to-infinitive it vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Example 1 She was too shy to sing in front of the class.
nsubj cop advmod mark xcomp case obl case det nmod punct root She PRON was AUX too ADV shy ADJ to PART sing VERB in ADP front NOUN of ADP the DET class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 shy nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 shy cop 3 too too ADV _ 4 shy advmod 4 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 sing mark 6 sing sing VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 shy xcomp 7 in in ADP _ 8 front case 8 front front NOUN Number=Sing 6 sing obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 class case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 class det 11 class class NOUN Number=Sing 8 front nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 shy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past She shy property tree rules 2 sing speech: express to-infinitive She not said here front of the class vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in front=Location
Example 2 The shy boy hid behind his mum.
det amod nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET shy ADJ boy NOUN hid VERB behind ADP his PRON mum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 boy det 2 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 boy amod 3 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 4 hid nsubj 4 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 behind behind ADP _ 7 mum case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 mum nmod:poss 7 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 4 hid obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 hid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide past the shy boy behind boy's mum vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent behind mum=Location
Example 3 Deer are shy animals.
nsubj cop amod punct root Deer NOUN are AUX shy ADJ animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Deer deer NOUN Number=Plur 4 animals nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 animals cop 3 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 animals amod 4 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 animals punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Deer shy animals tree rules
Example 4 Don't be shy — come and join us!
advmod cop obj punct parataxis cc conj obj punct root Do VERB n't PART be AUX shy ADJ — PUNCT come VERB and CCONJ join VERB us PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 shy advmod 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 shy cop 4 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Do obj 5 — - PUNCT _ 6 come punct 6 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 shy parataxis 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 join cc 8 join join VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 come conj 9 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 join obj 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not is infinitive shy property tree rules 3 come infinitive vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 join infinitive us vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Patient
Example 5 He shied away from answering.
nsubj advmod mark advcl punct root He PRON shied VERB away ADV from SCONJ answering VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 shied nsubj 2 shied shy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 away away ADV _ 2 shied advmod 4 from from SCONJ _ 5 answering mark 5 answering answer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 shied advcl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 shied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shy away past He away property tree rules 2 answer speech: assert gerund He not said here vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The horse shied at the plastic bag.
det acl case det amod obl punct root The DET horse NOUN shied VERB at ADP the DET plastic ADJ bag NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 horse det 2 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 shied shy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 horse acl 4 at at ADP _ 7 bag case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bag det 6 plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bag amod 7 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 3 shied obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 horse punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shy participle the horse not said here the plastic bag tree rules
Example 7 The tower is just shy of one hundred metres.
det nsubj cop advmod case compound nummod obl punct root The DET tower NOUN is AUX just ADV shy ADJ of ADP one NUM hundred NUM metres NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tower det 2 tower tower NOUN Number=Sing 5 shy nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shy cop 4 just just ADV _ 5 shy advmod 5 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 metres case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 hundred compound 8 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 metres nummod 9 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 5 shy obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 shy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the tower of hundred metres; shy property tree rules
Example 8 Be shy of favours bestowed at the expense of others.
cop case obl acl case det obl case nmod punct root Be AUX shy ADJ of ADP favours NOUN bestowed VERB at ADP the DET expense NOUN of ADP others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 shy cop 2 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 favours case 4 favours favour NOUN Number=Plur 2 shy obl 5 bestowed bestow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 favours acl 6 at at ADP _ 8 expense case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 expense det 8 expense expense NOUN Number=Sing 5 bestowed obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 others case 10 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 expense nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 shy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here of favours; shy property tree rules 2 bestow participle favours not said here the expense of others tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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