smother Who acts: someone, face, air, they, you, bags · What happens: be, breathe, cover, kill, smother, reach · To what, where: face, fire, chips, someone, them, lid · Speech: someone speaks here
«smother» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: smother in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To smother someone is to stop them breathing by covering their face, which can kill.
The tree, 15 words mark vocative nsubj cop mark obj xcomp mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct nsubj aux acl:relcl punct root To PART smother NOUN someone PRON is AUX to PART stop VERB them PRON breathing VERB by SCONJ covering VERB their PRON face NOUN , PUNCT which PRON can AUX kill VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 smother mark 2 smother smother NOUN Number=Sing 6 stop vocative 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 stop nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stop cop 5 to to PART _ 6 stop mark 6 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 stop obj 8 breathing breathe VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 stop xcomp 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 covering mark 10 covering cover VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 breathing advcl 11 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 face nmod:poss 12 face face NOUN Number=Sing 10 covering obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 kill punct 14 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 kill nsubj 15 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 16 kill aux 16 kill kill VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 face acl:relcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present someone smother vocative ; stop property tree rules 2 breathe gerund someone not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 cover gerund someone not said here their face vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme face=Destination 4 kill can their face vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To smother a fire is to put it out by covering it so no air reaches it.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl det obj cop mark obj compound:prt mark advcl obj advmod det nsubj parataxis obj punct root To PART smother VERB a DET fire NOUN is AUX to PART put VERB it PRON out ADP by SCONJ covering VERB it PRON so ADV no DET air NOUN reaches VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 smother mark 2 smother smother VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 put advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 fire det 4 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 2 smother obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 put cop 6 to to PART _ 7 put mark 7 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put obj 9 out out ADP _ 7 put compound:prt 10 by by SCONJ _ 11 covering mark 11 covering cover VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 reaches advcl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 covering obj 13 so so ADV _ 16 reaches advmod 14 no no DET PronType=Neg 15 air det 15 air air NOUN Number=Sing 16 reaches nsubj 16 reaches reach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 put parataxis 17 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 reaches obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smother to-infinitive a fire vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fire=Destination 2 is present put property tree rules 3 cover gerund no air not said here fire vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination 4 reach present no air fire vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Meaning 3 To smother something is to cover it thickly: «chips smothered in sauce».
The tree, 12 words mark compound cop mark acl:relcl obj xcomp punct punct appos acl case obl punct punct root To PART smother NOUN something PRON is AUX to PART cover VERB it PRON thickly ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT chips NOUN smothered VERB in ADP sauce NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 something mark 2 smother smother NOUN Number=Sing 3 something compound 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cover cop 5 to to PART _ 6 cover mark 6 cover cover VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 something acl:relcl 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 cover obj 8 thickly thickly ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cover xcomp 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 chips punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 chips punct 11 chips chip NOUN Number=Plur 3 something appos 12 smothered smother VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 chips acl 13 in in ADP _ 14 sauce case 14 sauce sauce NOUN Number=Sing 12 smothered obl 15 » » PUNCT _ 11 chips punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present cover, thickly property tree rules 2 smother in a quote participle chips not said here in sauce vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in sauce=Theme
Meaning 4 To smother someone with love is to give them too much attention so they feel trapped.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj case obl cop mark iobj advmod amod obj mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root To PART smother VERB someone PRON with ADP love NOUN is AUX to PART give VERB them PRON too ADV much ADJ attention NOUN so SCONJ they PRON feel VERB trapped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 smother mark 2 smother smother VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 give advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 smother obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 love case 5 love love NOUN Number=Sing 2 smother obl 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 give cop 7 to to PART _ 8 give mark 8 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 give iobj 10 too too ADV _ 11 much advmod 11 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 12 attention amod 12 attention attention NOUN Number=Sing 8 give obj 13 so so SCONJ _ 15 feel mark 14 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 feel nsubj 15 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 give advcl 16 trapped trap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 feel xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smother to-infinitive someone with love vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent someone=Destination with love=Theme 2 is present them = they give property tree rules 3 feel present they vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 4 trap participle they not said here vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Put a lid on the pan to smother the fire.
det obj case det obl mark advcl det obj punct root Put VERB a DET lid NOUN on ADP the DET pan NOUN to PART smother VERB the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 lid det 3 lid lid NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 on on ADP _ 6 pan case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 pan det 6 pan pan NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 to to PART _ 8 smother mark 8 smother smother VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Put advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 fire det 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 8 smother obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here a lid the pan vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent lid=Theme on pan=Destination 2 smother to-infinitive you not said here the fire vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fire=Destination
Example 2 Never put plastic bags near babies; they could smother them.
advmod compound obj case obl punct nsubj aux conj obj punct root Never ADV put VERB plastic NOUN bags NOUN near ADP babies NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON could AUX smother VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 put advmod 2 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 4 bags compound 4 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obj 5 near near ADP _ 6 babies case 6 babies baby NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 smother punct 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 smother nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 smother aux 10 smother smother VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 put conj 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 smother obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not put imperative you not said here plastic bags babies vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bag=Theme near baby=Destination 2 smother could bags = bag babies = baby vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Destination
Example 3 The pancakes were smothered in syrup.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET pancakes NOUN were AUX smothered VERB in ADP syrup NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pancakes det 2 pancakes pancake NOUN Number=Plur 4 smothered nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 smothered aux:pass 4 smothered smother VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 syrup case 6 syrup syrup NOUN Number=Sing 4 smothered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 smothered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smother past · passive the pancakes in syrup vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in syrup=Theme
Example 4 Rolling on the ground smothers flames on your clothes.
csubj case det obl obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Rolling VERB on ADP the DET ground NOUN smothers VERB flames NOUN on ADP your PRON clothes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rolling roll VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 smothers csubj 2 on on ADP _ 4 ground case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ground det 4 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rolling obl 5 smothers smother VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 flames flame NOUN Number=Plur 5 smothers obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 clothes case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 clothes nmod:poss 9 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 5 smothers obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 smothers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 roll gerund the ground vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ground=Trajectory 2 smother present Rolling flames your clothes vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme flame=Destination
Example 5 Her parents smothered her with hugs when she came home.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case obl advmod nsubj advcl advmod punct root Her PRON parents NOUN smothered VERB her PRON with ADP hugs NOUN when ADV she PRON came VERB home ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 parents nmod:poss 2 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 3 smothered nsubj 3 smothered smother VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 smothered obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 hugs case 6 hugs hug NOUN Number=Plur 3 smothered obl 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 came advmod 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 came nsubj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 smothered advcl 10 home home ADV _ 9 came advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 smothered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smother past Her parents her = she with hugs vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent she=Destination with hug=Theme 2 come past she home property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Snow smothered the garden.
nsubj det obj punct root Snow NOUN smothered VERB the DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 2 smothered nsubj 2 smothered smother VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 garden det 4 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 smothered obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 smothered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smother past Snow the garden vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme garden=Destination
Example 7 Then the Fairy threw her arms round the Princess’s neck, and nearly smothered her with kisses, saying:
The tree, 18 words advmod det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det nmod:poss case obl punct cc advmod conj obj case obl punct advcl punct root Then ADV the DET Fairy PROPN threw VERB her PRON arms NOUN round ADP the DET Princess PROPN ’s PART neck NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ nearly ADV smothered VERB her PRON with ADP kisses NOUN , PUNCT saying VERB : PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 4 threw advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Fairy det 3 Fairy Fairy PROPN Number=Sing 4 threw nsubj 4 threw throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 arms nmod:poss 6 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 4 threw obj 7 round round ADP _ 11 neck case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Princess det 9 Princess Princess PROPN Number=Sing 11 neck nmod:poss 10 ’s 's PART _ 9 Princess case 11 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 4 threw obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 smothered punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 smothered cc 14 nearly nearly ADV _ 15 smothered advmod 15 smothered smother VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 threw conj 16 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 smothered obj 17 with with ADP _ 18 kisses case 18 kisses kiss NOUN Number=Plur 15 smothered obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 saying punct 20 saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 threw advcl 21 : : PUNCT _ 4 threw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 throw past the Fairy Fairy's arms then round the Princess's neck vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme 2 smother past the Fairy not said here Fairy with kisses; nearly property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent she=Destination with kiss=Theme 3 say speech: assert gerund the Fairy not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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