snowfall Who acts: Snow, amount, heavy snowfall, town, We, chart · What happens: fall, come down, measure, amount, be, close · To what, where: sky, place, certain time, centimetres, snow, school
«snowfall» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: snowfall in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Snow falling from the sky, a time when snow comes down.
nsubj case det obl punct det obl:unmarked advmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root Snow NOUN falling VERB from ADP the DET sky NOUN , PUNCT a DET time NOUN when ADV snow NOUN comes VERB down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 2 falling nsubj 2 falling fall VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 3 from from ADP _ 5 sky case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sky det 5 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 2 falling obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 time punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 time det 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 falling obl:unmarked 9 when when ADV PronType=Int 11 comes advmod 10 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 11 comes nsubj 11 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 time acl:relcl 12 down down ADV _ 11 comes advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 falling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall gerund Snow the sky time vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from sky=Initial_Location 2 come down present snow down property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The amount of snow that falls in a place over a certain time, measured in centimetres or inches.
The tree, 18 words det case nmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl case det amod obl punct acl case obl cc conj punct root The DET amount NOUN of ADP snow NOUN that PRON falls VERB in ADP a DET place NOUN over ADP a DET certain ADJ time NOUN , PUNCT measured VERB in ADP centimetres NOUN or CCONJ inches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 amount det 2 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 snow case 4 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 2 amount nmod 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 falls nsubj 6 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 amount acl:relcl 7 in in ADP _ 9 place case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 place det 9 place place NOUN Number=Sing 6 falls obl 10 over over ADP _ 13 time case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 time det 12 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 13 time amod 13 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 falls obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 measured punct 15 measured measure VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 time acl 16 in in ADP _ 17 centimetres case 17 centimetres centimetre NOUN Number=Plur 15 measured obl 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 inches cc 19 inches inch NOUN Number=Plur 17 centimetres conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 amount punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present the amount of snow a place time vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in place=Location 2 measure participle a certain time not said here centimetres or inches vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 3 amount snow nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 There was a heavy snowfall last night and the school was closed.
expl det amod nsubj amod nmod:unmarked cc det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj punct root There PRON was VERB a DET heavy ADJ snowfall NOUN last ADJ night NOUN and CCONJ the DET school NOUN was AUX closed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 snowfall det 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 snowfall amod 5 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 6 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 7 night amod 7 night night NOUN Number=Sing 5 snowfall nmod:unmarked 8 and and CCONJ _ 12 closed cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 school det 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 12 closed nsubj:pass 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 closed aux:pass 12 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 snowfall conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a heavy snowfall last night there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 close past · passive the school vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 2 The town gets about two metres of snowfall each winter.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root The DET town NOUN gets VERB about ADV two NUM metres NOUN of ADP snowfall NOUN each DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 gets nsubj 3 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADV _ 5 two advmod 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 metres nummod 6 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 3 gets obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 snowfall case 8 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 6 metres nmod 9 each each DET PronType=Tot 10 winter det 10 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 3 gets obl:unmarked 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get about present the town two metres of snowfall winter vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer metre=Stimulus
Example 3 We built a snowman after the first snowfall of the year.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl case det nmod punct root We PRON built VERB a DET snowman NOUN after ADP the DET first ADJ snowfall NOUN of ADP the DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 snowman det 4 snowman snowman NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 5 after after ADP _ 8 snowfall case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 snowfall det 7 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 8 snowfall amod 8 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 year case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 year det 11 year year NOUN Number=Sing 8 snowfall nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past We a snowman after the first snowfall of the year vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snowman=Product
Example 4 The chart shows the snowfall in each month.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET chart NOUN shows VERB the DET snowfall NOUN in ADP each DET month NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 chart det 2 chart chart NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows nsubj 3 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 snowfall det 5 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 month case 7 each each DET PronType=Tot 8 month det 8 month month NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present the chart the snowfall month vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent snowfall=Recipient
Example 5 On Monday there were 12 cm of snowfall and on Tuesday 5 cm, so 17 cm in all.
The tree, 18 words case obl expl nummod nsubj case nmod cc case nmod:unmarked nummod conj punct advmod nummod nsubj case nmod punct root On ADP Monday PROPN there PRON were VERB 12 NUM cm NOUN of ADP snowfall NOUN and CCONJ on ADP Tuesday PROPN 5 NUM cm NOUN , PUNCT so ADV 17 NUM cm NOUN in ADP all DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 2 Monday case 2 Monday Monday PROPN Number=Sing 4 were obl 3 there there PRON PronType=Dem 4 were expl 4 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 cm nummod 6 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 4 were nsubj 7 of of ADP _ 8 snowfall case 8 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 6 cm nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 13 cm cc 10 on on ADP _ 13 cm case 11 Tuesday Tuesday PROPN Number=Sing 12 5 nmod:unmarked 12 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 cm nummod 13 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 6 cm conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 cm punct 15 so so ADV _ 17 cm advmod 16 17 17 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 17 cm nummod 17 cm cm NOUN Number=Plur 4 were nsubj 18 in in ADP _ 19 all case 19 all all DET PronType=Tot 17 cm nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 were punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past 12 cm of snowfall and 5 cm there monday vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Heavy snowfall can block roads and bring down power lines.
amod nsubj aux obj cc conj compound:prt compound obj punct root Heavy ADJ snowfall NOUN can AUX block VERB roads NOUN and CCONJ bring VERB down ADP power NOUN lines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 2 snowfall amod 2 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 4 block nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 block aux 4 block block VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 4 block obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 bring cc 7 bring bring VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 block conj 8 down down ADP _ 7 bring compound:prt 9 power power NOUN Number=Sing 10 lines compound 10 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 7 bring obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 block punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 block can Heavy snowfall roads vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer road=Theme 2 bring down infinitive Heavy snowfall not said here power lines vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent line=Theme
Example 7 Light snowfall covered the garden like sugar.
compound nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Light NOUN snowfall NOUN covered VERB the DET garden NOUN like ADP sugar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Light light NOUN Number=Sing 2 snowfall compound 2 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 3 covered nsubj 3 covered cover VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 garden det 5 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 3 covered obj 6 like like ADP _ 7 sugar case 7 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 5 garden nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past Light snowfall the garden like sugar vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme garden=Destination
Example 8 Canada has more snowfall than New Zealand's North Island.
nsubj amod obj case flat nmod:poss case compound nmod punct root Canada PROPN has VERB more ADJ snowfall NOUN than ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN 's PART North PROPN Island PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 snowfall amod 4 snowfall snowfall NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 5 than than ADP _ 10 Island case 6 New New PROPN Number=Sing 7 Zealand flat 7 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 10 Island nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 Zealand case 9 North North PROPN Number=Sing 10 Island compound 10 Island Island PROPN Number=Sing 4 snowfall nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Canada more snowfall than New Zealand's North Island vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snowfall=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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