somebody Who acts: Somebody, we, person, you, I · What happens: mean, not know, not say, be, want, take · To what, where: person, same, somebody, 3 cookies, jar, 5 more · Speech: someone speaks here
«somebody» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: somebody in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Somebody means a person, but we do not know or do not say who. It means the same as someone.
Sentence 1: Somebody means a person, but we do not know or do not say who.
The tree, 14 words nsubj det obj punct cc nsubj aux advmod parataxis cc aux advmod conj ccomp punct root Somebody PRON means VERB a DET person NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ we PRON do AUX not PART know VERB or CCONJ do AUX not PART say VERB who PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 person det 4 person person NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 know punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 10 know cc 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 know nsubj 8 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 know aux 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 know advmod 10 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means parataxis 11 or or CCONJ _ 14 say cc 12 do do AUX VerbForm=Inf 14 say aux 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 say advmod 14 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 know conj 15 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 say ccomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Somebody a person vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic 2 not know present · do-support we vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 not say speech: assert infinitive · do-support we not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It means the same as someone.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root It PRON means VERB the DET same ADJ as ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 same det 4 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means obj 5 as as ADP _ 6 someone case 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 same obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present person the same vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Topic
Meaning 2 A somebody is a person who is important or famous: he wants to be a somebody.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det nsubj cop acl:relcl cc conj punct nsubj conj mark cop det xcomp punct root A DET somebody PRON is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON is AUX important ADJ or CCONJ famous ADJ : PUNCT he PRON wants VERB to PART be AUX a DET somebody PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 somebody det 2 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 important nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 important cop 8 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person acl:relcl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 famous cc 10 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 important conj 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 wants punct 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 wants nsubj 13 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person conj 14 to to PART _ 17 somebody mark 15 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 17 somebody cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 somebody det 17 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 wants xcomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present somebody a person tree rules 2 is present a person important property tree rules 3 be a person not said here tree rules 4 want present person vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 5 is a not said to happen to-infinitive person not said here somebody tree rules
Example 1 Somebody took 3 cookies from the jar.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root Somebody PRON took VERB 3 NUM cookies NOUN from ADP the DET jar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cookies nummod 4 cookies cookie NOUN Number=Plur 2 took obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 jar case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jar det 7 jar jar NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past Somebody 3 cookies the jar vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent cookie=Theme from jar=Initial_Location
Example 2 If somebody gives you 5 more, how many will you have?
mark nsubj advcl iobj nummod obj punct advmod obj aux nsubj punct root If SCONJ somebody PRON gives VERB you PRON 5 NUM more ADJ , PUNCT how ADV many ADJ will AUX you PRON have VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 gives mark 2 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 gives nsubj 3 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 have advcl 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 gives iobj 5 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 more nummod 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 gives obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 have punct 8 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 many advmod 9 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 12 have obj 10 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 have aux 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 have nsubj 12 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 12 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give a condition, not said to happen present somebody 5 more you vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient more=Theme 2 have future you many vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient
Example 3 Somebody left 2 books on the desk.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root Somebody PRON left VERB 2 NUM books NOUN on ADP the DET desk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 left nsubj 2 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 books nummod 4 books book NOUN Number=Plur 2 left obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 desk case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 desk det 7 desk desk NOUN Number=Sing 2 left obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past Somebody 2 books the desk vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent book=Theme on desk=Location
Example 4 Somebody ate half of the cake.
nsubj obj case det nmod punct root Somebody PRON ate VERB half NOUN of ADP the DET cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ate nsubj 2 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 2 ate obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 cake case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cake det 6 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 3 half nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past Somebody half of the cake vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Patient
Example 5 Somebody is knocking at the door.
nsubj aux case det obl punct root Somebody PRON is AUX knocking VERB at ADP the DET door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 knocking nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 knocking aux 3 knocking knock VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 door case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 door det 6 door door NOUN Number=Sing 3 knocking obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 knocking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 knock present · progressive Somebody at the door vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at door=Patient
Example 6 If you are lost, ask somebody who works in the shop.
mark nsubj aux:pass advcl punct obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root If SCONJ you PRON are AUX lost VERB , PUNCT ask VERB somebody PRON who PRON works VERB in ADP the DET shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 lost mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 lost nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lost aux:pass 4 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 ask advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 lost punct 6 ask ask VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 ask obj 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 works nsubj 9 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 somebody acl:relcl 10 in in ADP _ 12 shop case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 shop det 12 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 9 works obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 ask punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose a condition, not said to happen present · passive you vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality 2 ask speech: ask imperative you not said here somebody vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent somebody=Recipient 3 work present in the shop vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in shop=Theme
Example 7 Is somebody sitting here?
cop acl advmod punct root Is AUX somebody PRON sitting VERB here ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 somebody cop 2 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 3 sitting sit VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 somebody acl 4 here here ADV PronType=Dem 3 sitting advmod 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 somebody punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present somebody tree rules 2 sit gerund here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 I think somebody else has my pencil.
nsubj nsubj advmod ccomp nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON think VERB somebody PRON else ADV has VERB my PRON pencil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 think nsubj 2 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 has nsubj 4 else else ADV _ 3 somebody advmod 5 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 think ccomp 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 pencil nmod:poss 7 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 5 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 think punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present I vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 have present somebody my pencil vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pencil=Patient
Example 9 "Why did not somebody tell me?"
punct advmod aux advmod nsubj iobj punct punct root " PUNCT Why ADV did AUX not PART somebody PRON tell VERB me PRON ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 6 tell punct 2 Why why ADV PronType=Int 6 tell advmod 3 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 tell aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 tell advmod 5 somebody somebody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 tell nsubj 6 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 tell iobj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 tell punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 6 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tell speech: assert in a quote past · do-support somebody me vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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