spam Who acts: Spam, emails, email filter, you, He, I · What happens: be, send, try, sell, trick, spam · To what, where: unwanted messages, something, you, lots, same thing, brand · Speech: someone speaks here
«spam» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spam in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Spam is unwanted messages sent to many people at once, usually emails or texts trying to sell something or trick you.
The tree, 21 words nsubj cop amod acl case amod obl:agent case obl punct advmod conj cc conj acl mark xcomp obj cc conj obj punct root Spam NOUN is AUX unwanted ADJ messages NOUN sent VERB to ADP many ADJ people NOUN at ADP once ADV , PUNCT usually ADV emails NOUN or CCONJ texts NOUN trying VERB to PART sell VERB something PRON or CCONJ trick VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 4 messages nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 messages cop 3 unwanted unwanted ADJ Degree=Pos 4 messages amod 4 messages message NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 messages acl 6 to to ADP _ 8 people case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 people amod 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 sent obl:agent 9 at at ADP _ 10 once case 10 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 5 sent obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 emails punct 12 usually usually ADV _ 13 emails advmod 13 emails email NOUN Number=Plur 4 messages conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 texts cc 15 texts text NOUN Number=Plur 13 emails conj 16 trying try VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 emails acl 17 to to PART _ 18 sell mark 18 sell sell VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 trying xcomp 19 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 18 sell obj 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 trick cc 21 trick trick VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 sell conj 22 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 21 trick obj 23 . . PUNCT _ 4 messages punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Spam unwanted messages and emails or texts tree rules 2 send participle unwanted messages and emails or texts not said here vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 try gerund emails or texts not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 sell not said to happen to-infinitive emails or texts not said here something vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 5 trick infinitive emails or texts not said here you vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To spam means to send lots of unwanted messages, or to post the same thing again and again.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj mark xcomp obj case amod nmod punct cc mark conj det amod obj advmod cc conj punct root To PART spam VERB means VERB to PART send VERB lots NOUN of ADP unwanted ADJ messages NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART post VERB the DET same ADJ thing NOUN again ADV and CCONJ again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 spam mark 2 spam spam VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 send mark 5 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 5 send obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 messages case 8 unwanted unwanted ADJ Degree=Pos 9 messages amod 9 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 6 lots nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 post punct 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 post cc 12 to to PART _ 13 post mark 13 post post VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 send conj 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 thing det 15 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 16 thing amod 16 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 13 post obj 17 again again ADV _ 13 post advmod 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 again cc 19 again again ADV _ 17 again conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spam to-infinitive tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 send not said to happen to-infinitive lots of unwanted messages vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme 4 post to-infinitive the same thing again vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
Meaning 3 Spam is a brand of tinned cooked pork meat.
nsubj cop det case amod amod compound nmod punct root Spam NOUN is AUX a DET brand NOUN of ADP tinned VERB cooked VERB pork NOUN meat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 4 brand nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 brand cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 brand det 4 brand brand NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 9 meat case 6 tinned tin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 meat amod 7 cooked cook VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 meat amod 8 pork pork NOUN Number=Sing 9 meat compound 9 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 4 brand nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 brand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Spam a brand of tinned cooked pork meat tree rules 2 tin participle vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent 3 cook participle vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 My email filter sent the message to the spam folder.
nmod:poss compound nsubj det obj case det compound obl punct root My PRON email NOUN filter NOUN sent VERB the DET message NOUN to ADP the DET spam NOUN folder NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 filter nmod:poss 2 email email NOUN Number=Sing 3 filter compound 3 filter filter NOUN Number=Sing 4 sent nsubj 4 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 message det 6 message message NOUN Number=Sing 4 sent obj 7 to to ADP _ 10 folder case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 folder det 9 spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 10 folder compound 10 folder folder NOUN Number=Sing 4 sent obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past My email filter the message the spam folder vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to folder=Destination
Example 2 Never click links in spam.
advmod obj case obl punct root Never ADV click VERB links NOUN in ADP spam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 click advmod 2 click click VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 links link NOUN Number=Plur 2 click obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 spam case 5 spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 2 click obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 click punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not click imperative you not said here links in spam vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent link=Patient in spam=Topic
Example 3 Stop spamming the chat with emojis!
xcomp det obj case obl punct root Stop VERB spamming VERB the DET chat NOUN with ADP emojis NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 spamming spam VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 chat det 4 chat chat NOUN Number=Sing 2 spamming obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 emojis case 6 emojis emoji NOUN Number=Plur 2 spamming obl 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 spam gerund you not said here the chat with emojis tree rules
Example 4 He kept spamming the same attack in the game.
nsubj xcomp det amod obj case det obl punct root He PRON kept VERB spamming VERB the DET same ADJ attack NOUN in ADP the DET game NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 kept nsubj 2 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 spamming spam VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 kept xcomp 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 attack det 5 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 6 attack amod 6 attack attack NOUN Number=Sing 3 spamming obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 game case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 game det 9 game game NOUN Number=Sing 3 spamming obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past He tree rules 2 spam gerund He not said here the same attack the game tree rules
Example 5 The spam said I had won a prize, but it was a trick.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj nsubj aux ccomp det obj punct cc nsubj cop det parataxis punct root The DET spam NOUN said VERB I PRON had AUX won VERB a DET prize NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ it PRON was AUX a DET trick NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 spam det 2 spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 won nsubj 5 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 won aux 6 won win VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 3 said ccomp 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 prize det 8 prize prize NOUN Number=Sing 6 won obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 trick punct 10 but but CCONJ _ 14 trick cc 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 trick nsubj 12 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 trick cop 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 trick det 14 trick trick NOUN Number=Sing 6 won parataxis 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the spam vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 win past · perfect I a prize vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prize=Eventuality 3 is a past spam a trick tree rules
Example 6 Grandad remembers eating Spam sandwiches.
nsubj xcomp compound obj punct root Grandad PROPN remembers VERB eating VERB Spam PROPN sandwiches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 remembers nsubj 2 remembers remember VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 eating eat VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 remembers xcomp 4 Spam Spam PROPN Number=Sing 5 sandwiches compound 5 sandwiches sandwich NOUN Number=Plur 3 eating obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 remembers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember present Grandad vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 eat gerund Grandad not said here Spam sandwiches vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandwich=Patient
Example 7 Report the account if it sends spam.
det obj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root Report VERB the DET account NOUN if SCONJ it PRON sends VERB spam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Report report VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 account det 3 account account NOUN Number=Sing 1 Report obj 4 if if SCONJ _ 6 sends mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 sends nsubj 6 sends send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Report advcl 7 spam spam NOUN Number=Sing 6 sends obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Report punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 report imperative you not said here the account vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent account=Patient 2 send a condition, not said to happen present account spam vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spam=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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