sparkle Who acts: light, sparkle, Sparkling drinks, eyes, diamond ring, kitchen · What happens: sparkle, be, flash, have, show, tidy up · To what, where: small bright flash, Sparkle liveliness, bubbles, strong feeling, snow, sunlight
«sparkle» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sparkle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To sparkle is to shine with many small, bright flashes of light, like glitter, stars, jewels or water in sunlight.
The tree, 20 words mark csubj cop mark case amod amod punct amod obl case nmod punct case conj punct conj punct conj cc conj case nmod punct root To PART sparkle VERB is AUX to PART shine VERB with ADP many ADJ small ADJ , PUNCT bright ADJ flashes NOUN of ADP light NOUN , PUNCT like ADP glitter NOUN , PUNCT stars NOUN , PUNCT jewels NOUN or CCONJ water NOUN in ADP sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sparkle mark 2 sparkle sparkle VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 shine csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shine cop 4 to to PART _ 5 shine mark 5 shine shine VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 with with ADP _ 11 flashes case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 11 flashes amod 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 11 flashes amod 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 small punct 10 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 11 flashes amod 11 flashes flash NOUN Number=Plur 5 shine obl 12 of of ADP _ 13 light case 13 light light NOUN Number=Sing 11 flashes nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 glitter punct 15 like like ADP _ 16 glitter case 16 glitter glitter NOUN Number=Sing 11 flashes conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 stars punct 18 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 16 glitter conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 jewels punct 20 jewels jewel NOUN Number=Plur 16 glitter conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 water cc 22 water water NOUN Number=Sing 20 jewels conj 23 in in ADP _ 24 sunlight case 24 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 20 jewels nmod 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 shine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle to-infinitive vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present with many small bright flashes of light and glitter and stars and jewels in sunlight or water; shine property tree rules 3 flash light nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A sparkle is a small, bright flash of light.
det nsubj cop det amod punct amod case nmod punct root A DET sparkle NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ , PUNCT bright ADJ flash NOUN of ADP light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sparkle det 2 sparkle sparkle NOUN Number=Sing 8 flash nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 flash cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 flash det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 flash amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 small punct 7 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 8 flash amod 8 flash flash NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 light case 10 light light NOUN Number=Sing 8 flash nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 flash punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sparkle a small bright flash of light tree rules
Meaning 3 Sparkle is liveliness and fun in a person or a show.
compound cop cc conj case det nmod cc det conj punct root Sparkle PROPN is AUX liveliness NOUN and CCONJ fun NOUN in ADP a DET person NOUN or CCONJ a DET show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sparkle Sparkle PROPN Number=Sing 3 liveliness compound 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 liveliness cop 3 liveliness liveliness NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 fun cc 5 fun fun NOUN Number=Sing 3 liveliness conj 6 in in ADP _ 8 person case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 person det 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 3 liveliness nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 show cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 show det 11 show show NOUN Number=Sing 8 person conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 liveliness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Sparkle liveliness and fun in a person or a show tree rules
Meaning 4 «Sparkling» drinks have bubbles.
punct amod punct nsubj obj punct root « PUNCT Sparkling VERB » PUNCT drinks NOUN have VERB bubbles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Sparkling punct 2 Sparkling sparkle VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 drinks amod 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Sparkling punct 4 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 5 have nsubj 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 bubbles bubble NOUN Number=Plur 5 have obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle in a quote gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 have present Sparkling drinks bubbles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bubble=Patient
Meaning 5 When a person's eyes sparkle, they show a strong feeling such as joy, mischief or spite.
The tree, 17 words advmod det nmod:poss case nsubj advcl punct nsubj det amod obj case fixed nmod punct conj cc conj punct root When ADV a DET person NOUN 's PART eyes NOUN sparkle VERB , PUNCT they PRON show VERB a DET strong ADJ feeling NOUN such ADJ as ADP joy NOUN , PUNCT mischief NOUN or CCONJ spite NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 6 sparkle advmod 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 5 eyes nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 person case 5 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 sparkle nsubj 6 sparkle sparkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 show advcl 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 sparkle punct 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 show nsubj 9 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 feeling det 11 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 12 feeling amod 12 feeling feeling NOUN Number=Sing 9 show obj 13 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 15 joy case 14 as as ADP _ 13 such fixed 15 joy joy NOUN Number=Sing 12 feeling nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 mischief punct 17 mischief mischief NOUN Number=Sing 15 joy conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 spite cc 19 spite spite NOUN Number=Sing 15 joy conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 9 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle present a person's eyes vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 show present eyes = eye a strong feeling such joy and mischief or spite vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent feeling=Recipient
Example 1 The snow sparkled in the sunlight.
det acl case det obl punct root The DET snow NOUN sparkled VERB in ADP the DET sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 snow det 2 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 sparkled sparkle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 snow acl 4 in in ADP _ 6 sunlight case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sunlight det 6 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 3 sparkled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 snow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle participle the snow not said here the sunlight vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sunlight=Location
Example 2 Her eyes sparkled with excitement.
nmod:poss nsubj case obl punct root Her PRON eyes NOUN sparkled VERB with ADP excitement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 eyes nmod:poss 2 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 3 sparkled nsubj 3 sparkled sparkle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 with with ADP _ 5 excitement case 5 excitement excitement NOUN Number=Sing 3 sparkled obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 sparkled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle participle Her eyes with excitement vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with excitement=Theme
Example 3 The diamond ring sparkled.
det amod nsubj punct root The DET diamond ADJ ring NOUN sparkled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 ring det 2 diamond diamond ADJ Degree=Pos 3 ring amod 3 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 4 sparkled nsubj 4 sparkled sparkle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 sparkled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle participle the diamond ring vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The kitchen was sparkling clean after we tidied up.
det nsubj aux xcomp mark nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root The DET kitchen NOUN was AUX sparkling VERB clean ADJ after SCONJ we PRON tidied VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kitchen det 2 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 4 sparkling nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sparkling aux 4 sparkling sparkle VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 clean clean ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sparkling xcomp 6 after after SCONJ _ 8 tidied mark 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 tidied nsubj 8 tidied tidy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sparkling advcl 9 up up ADP _ 8 tidied compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sparkling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sparkle past · progressive the kitchen clean property vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 tidy up past we tree rules
Example 5 Would you like still or sparkling water?
aux nsubj advmod cc conj obj punct root Would AUX you PRON like VERB still ADV or CCONJ sparkling VERB water NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 like aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 like nsubj 3 like like VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 still still ADV _ 3 like advmod 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 sparkling cc 6 sparkling sparkle VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 like conj 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 sparkling obj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 like punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like would you still vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 sparkle gerund you not said here water vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent water=Theme
Example 6 Add glitter to give your card some sparkle.
obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj det obj punct root Add VERB glitter NOUN to PART give VERB your PRON card NOUN some DET sparkle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 glitter glitter NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 3 to to PART _ 4 give mark 4 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Add advcl 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 card nmod:poss 6 card card NOUN Number=Sing 4 give obj 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 sparkle det 8 sparkle sparkle NOUN Number=Sing 4 give obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here glitter vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glitter=Patient 2 give to-infinitive you not said here your card vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent card=Recipient sparkle=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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